Download Module 20 Classical Conditioning

Module 17
Learning
Exploring in Modules, Module 17
Introduction to Learning
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What is learning?
• Change in behavior.
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Exploring in Modules, Module 17
• By association.
• Associative learning – linking two events.
• Nature (biological predisposition) and
nurture (appropriate learning).
• Classical conditioning – two stimuli are
linked to anticipate events.
• Operant conditioning – response and reward
(or avoidance of punishment)
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Classical Conditioning
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Operant Conditioning
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Classical Conditioning
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Behaviorists
• John B. Watson
• Ivan Pavlov
• B.F. Skinner
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Pavlov’s Experiments
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Acquisition
Extinction and Spontaneous Recovery
Generalization
Discrimination
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Pavlov’s Device for Recording Salivation
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Pavlov’s Classic Experiment
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An
Unexpected
CS
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Idealized Curve of Acquisition,
Extinction, and Spontaneous Recovery
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Generalization
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Review
• What is an unconditioned stimulus?
• What is an unconditioned response?
• Must the conditioned stimulus (remember:
at first is neutral) occur before the
unconditioned stimulus for acquisition to
occur?
• Define learning.
• How might one attempt to cure alcoholism
using classical conditioning?
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Updating Pavlov’s Understanding
• Cognitive Processes
• Biological Predispositions
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Nausea Conditioning Among Cancer Patients
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Pavlov’s Legacy
• Applications of Classical Conditioning
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Operant Conditioning
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Skinner’s Experiments
• Shaping
• Principles of Reinforcement
– Primary and Conditioned Reinforcers
– Immediate and Delayed Reinforcers
• Reinforcement Schedules
• Punishment
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Exploring in Modules, Module 17
Intermittent Reinforcement Schedules
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Updating Skinner’s Understanding
• Cognition and Operant Conditioning
• Biological Predispositions
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Skinner’s Legacy
• Applications of Operant Conditioning
– At School
– At Work
– At Home
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Contrasting Conditioning
Techniques
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Exploring in Modules, Module 17
Learning by Observation
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Bandura’s Experiments
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Applications of Observational
Learning
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