Download on middle finger

Elbow (HumeroUlnar)
Joint and Hand
Created by: Kelsey, Vonna, Jolee and Andy
Bones of the
Hand …
Bones of the Wrist
Trapezoid
Trapezium
Scaphoid
Capitate
Hamate
Pisiform
Lunate
Triquetrum
Metacarpal Bones
4th Metacarpal
(on ring finger)
3rd Metacarpal
(on middle finger)
2nd Metacarpal
(on index finger)
5th Metacarpal
(on little finger)
1st Metacarpal
(on thumb)
Phalange Bones
Proximal
Proximal Phalanx
of the
Middle Finger
Proximal Phalanx
of the
Thumb
Proximal Phalanx
of the
Ring Finger
Proximal Phalanx
of the
Little Finger
Proximal Phalanx
of the
Index Finger
Phalange Bones
Intermediate
Intermediate
Phalanx of
the Ring Finger
Intermediate
Phalanx of
the Little Finger
Intermediate
Phalanx of
the Index Finger
Intermediate
Phalanx of
the Middle Finger
Phalange Bones
Distal Phalanx
of the
Index Finger
Distal Phalanx
of the
Middle Finger
Distal
Distal Phalanx
of the
Ring Finger
Distal Phalanx
of the
Little Finger
Radius
Neck of the
Radius
Head of the
Radius
Styloid Process
of the Radius
Radial Tuberosity
Ulnar Notch
of the Radius
Tuberosity of
the Ulna
Styloid Process
of the Ulna
Ulna
Olecranon Process
of the Ulna
Trochlear Notch
of the Ulna
Coronoid Process
of the Ulna
Radial Notch
of the Ulna
Humerus
Capitulum
Of the
Humerus
Coronoid Fossa
of the
Humerus
Lateral Epicondyle
of the
Humerus
Trochlea
of the
Humerus
Olecranon Fossa
of the
Humerus
Medial Epicondyle
of the
Humerus
Muscles of the
Elbow and Forearm
Biceps
Origin:
Scapula - Long head:
supraglenoid tubercle; short
head: coracoid process
Insertion:
Radial tuberosity of radius
Action:
Elbow flexion, forearm supination
Innervation:
Musculocutaneous nerve
Vascular
supply:
Brachial artery
Muscles of the
Elbow and Forearm
Triceps
Origin:
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
of scapula - lateral head: inferior
to greater tubercle on posterior
humerus - medial head: posterior
surface of humerus
Insertion:
Olecranon process of ulna
Action:
Elbow extension
Innervation:
Radial nerve
Vascular
supply:
Deep brachial artery
Muscles of the
Elbow and Forearm
Brachialis
Origin:
Distal half of humerus,
anterior surface
Insertion:
Coronoid process and ulnar
tuberosity of ulna
Action:
Elbow flexion
Innervation:
Musculocutaneous nerve
Vascular
supply:
Brachial artery
Muscles of the
Elbow and Forearm
Brachioradialis
Origin:
Lateral supracondylar ridge on the
humerus
Insertion:
Styloid process of radius
Action:
Elbow flexion
Innervation:
Radial nerve
Vascular
supply:
Radial artery
Muscles of the
Elbow and Forearm
Coracobrachialis
Origin:
Coracoid process
Insertion:
Medial aspect of humerus
Action:
Weakly adducts shoulder joint
Innervation:
Musculocutaneous nerves ; C6, C7
Vascular
supply:
Brachial artery
Muscles of the
Elbow and Forearm
Supinator
Origin:
Lateral epicondyle of humerus and
adjacent ulna
Insertion:
Anterior surface of proximal radius
Action:
Forearm supination
Innervation:
Radial nerve
Vascular
supply:
Recurrent interosseous artery
Muscles of the
Elbow and Forearm
Pronator teres
Origin:
Medial epicondyle of humerus;
coranoid process of ulna
Insertion:
Lateral aspect of radius at its
midpoint
Action:
Forearm pronation, assistive in
elbow flexion
Innervation:
Median nerve
Vascular
supply:
Ulnar artery
Muscles of the
Elbow and Forearm
Pronator quadratus
Origin:
Distal fourth of ulna
Insertion:
Distal fourth of radius
Action:
Forearm pronation
Innervation:
Median nerve
Vascular
supply:
Anterior interosseous artery
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Flexor carpi radialis
Origin:
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion:
Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
Action:
Wrist flexion, radial deviation
Innervation:
Median nerve
Vascular
supply:
Radial and ulnar arteries
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Origin:
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion:
Pisiform; base of 5th metacarpal
Action:
Wrist flexion, ulnar deviation
Innervation:
Ulnar nerve
Vascular
supply:
Ulnar artery
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Origin:
Supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion:
Base of 2nd metacarpal
Action:
Wrist extension, radial deviation
Innervation:
Radial nerve
Vascular
supply:
Radial artery
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Origin:
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion:
Base of 3rd metacarpal
Action:
Wrist extension
Innervation:
Radial nerve
Vascular
supply:
Radial artery
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Extensor digitorum
Origin:
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion:
Base of distal phalanx of the 2nd - 5th
fingers
Action:
Extends all 3 joints of the fingers
Innervation:
Radial nerve
Vascular
supply:
Recurrent interosseous artery
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Origin:
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion:
Medial side of base of 5th metacarpal
Action:
Extends and adducts wrist
Innervation:
Deep radial nerve
Vascular
supply:
Ulnar artery
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Origin:
Common flexor tendon, coronoid
process, radius
Insertion:
Sides of the middle phalanx of the 4
fingers
Action:
Flexes MP and PIP joints of the fingers
Innervation:
Median nerve
Vascular
supply:
Ulnar artery
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Flexor digitorum profundus
Origin:
Upper ¾ of ulna
Insertion:
Distal phalanx of the 4 fingers
Action:
Flexes all 3 joints of the fingers
Innervation:
Median and ulnar nerves
Vascular
supply:
Ulnar artery
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Flexor pollicis longus
Origin:
Anterior surface of radius
Insertion:
Distal phalanx of pollex (thumb)
Action:
Flexes all joints of the pollex (thumb)
Innervation:
Median nerve
Vascular
supply:
Radial artery
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Abductor pollicis longus
Origin:
Posterior radius, interosseous
membrane, middle ulna
Insertion:
Base of the 1st metacarpal
Action:
Abducts pollex
Innervation:
Radial nerve
Vascular
supply:
Posterior interosseous artery
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Extensor digiti minimi
Origin:
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion:
Base of distal phalanx of 5th finger
Action:
Extends all joints of 5th finger
Innervation:
Radial nerve
Vascular
supply:
Recurrent interosseous artery
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Extensor pollicis brevis
Origin:
Posterior distal radius
Insertion:
Base of proximal phalanx of pollex
Action:
Extends MP joint of pollex
Innervation:
Radial nerve
Vascular
supply:
Posterior interosseous artery
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Extensor pollicis longus
Origin:
Middle posterior ulna, interosseous
membrane
Insertion:
Base of distal phalanx of pollex
Action:
Extends MP and IP joints of pollex
Innervation:
Radial nerve
Vascular
supply:
Posterior interosseous artery
Muscles of the
Wrist and Hand
Palmaris longus
Origin:
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion:
Palmar fascia
Action:
Assistive in wrist flexion
Innervation:
Median nerve
Vascular
supply:
Ulnar artery
Our Elbow
and Hand
Allow Complex
Movement
Such as…
AND…
The Ligaments, Bursae, Cartilage, and
Articular Capsule of the Elbow Joint and Hand
Ligaments
Ligaments
Articular
Cartilage
Bursae
Of
of Capsule
the Elbow
Hand
Synovial Membrane
ArticularSubtendinous
Cartilage…
Olecranon Bursa
Articular Capsule
Fibrous Layer
Ulnar Collateral
Radial Collateral
Ligament
Ligament
Subcutaneous
Olecranon Bursa
Radial Annular
Interosseous
Ligament
Membrane
Palmar
Aponeurosis
Flexor Retinaculum
Common
Flexor Sheath
Surface Anatomy
Anatomical Snuff Box
Cubital Fossa
Lateral Epicondyle
Hypothenar
Eminence
Distal Wrist
Crease
Medial Epicondyle
Radial Styloid
Process
Ulnar Styloid
Process
Olecranon Process
Site of the Median Nerve
Thenar Evidence
Tendon of Flexor
Carpi Radialis
Tendon of Palmaris Longus
Clinical Concerns:
•
•
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome:
Compression of the median nerve.
– mixed nerve that provides sensation to thumb,
index, middle and middle –finger side of the
ring fingers.
– Causes pain, tingling and numbness
Cause:
Swelling or thickening of lining of the tendons in
your carpal tunnel.
Repetitive use or injury-keyboarding, use of
powertools, pinching, gripping etc.
Fluid retention due to pregnancy
Other Risk Factors: Sex, Heredity, health
conditions (ie: diabetes, obesity, arthritis)
Treatment:
Wrist splinting, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs, corticosteroids, physical therapy
Surgery
Prevention: Reduce force and relax grip,
frequent breaks, improve posture, watch form,
keep your hands warm.
Clinical Concerns cont’:
•
Tennis Elbow (lateral epicondylitis)
•
Overuse injury caused by repeated contraction of the
forearm muscles.
Causes:
– Stress to tissue results in inflammation or tiny tears
of the tendons that attach the forearm muscles to
the bone outside your elbow.
– Repeated use of backhand stroke with poor
technique- common motions: hammering, painting,
raking, weaving……..playing tennis.
Signs and Symptoms:
– Pain that radiates from the outside of elbow to
forearm and wrist.
– Pain when you touch or bump the outside of elbow
– Pain when you extend your wrist
– A weak grip, painful grip when during certain
activities like shaking hands or turning a doorknob
Treatment: anti-inflammatory drugs, ice, rest, PRICE,
exercises, corticosteroids, braces.
Surgery: (1 in 10)- trimming inflammed tendon or reattachment.