Download Bot-604 Physiology-II –BS Botany 7th Semester Dr. Habib

Bot-604 Physiology-II –BS Botany 7th Semester
Dr. Habib-ur-Rehman Athar
e-mail: [email protected]; Ext 2522
Place: Lab# 2, IPAB, Theory Mon, Tue 9:00 -10:00 a.m.
Lab every Mon, 1:30-4:00 pm
w.e.f. 13-09-2010
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Topics
Course outline –general introduction
Growth and development
Plant Growth Regulators: Major natural hormones and their synthetic
analogues.
Bioassay, structure, biosynthesis, receptors, signal trasduction and mode of
action, transport, physiological effects of Auxins
Bioassay, structure, biosynthesis, receptors, signal trasduction and mode of
action, transport, physiological effects of Gibberellins
Bioassay, structure, biosynthesis, receptors, signal trasduction and mode of
action, transport, physiological effects of Cytokinins
Bioassay, structure, biosynthesis, receptors, signal trasduction and mode of
action, transport, physiological effects of Abscisic acid, Ethylene
Bioassay, structure, biosynthesis, receptors, signal trasduction and mode of
action, transport, physiological effects of Polyamines, Brassinosteriods
Bioassay, structure, biosynthesis, receptors, signal trasduction and mode of
action, transport, physiological effects of Jasmonates, and Salicylic acid.
Water Relations: The soil -plant -atmosphere continuum - an overview.
Structure of water. Physico-chemical properties of water.
Water in the soil and its potentials. Water in cell components. Cell water
relations terminology.
Absorption of water in plants (pathways and driving forces, Aquaporins,their structure and types).
Hofler diagram - analysis of change in turgor, water and osmotic potential
with changes in cell volume. Modulus of elasticity coefficient; Hydraulic
conductivity. Osmoregulation,
Methods for measurement of water, osmotic and turgor potentials- Pressure
chamber, psychrometry, pressure probe, pressure volume curve.
Plant Mineral Nutrition: Inorganic composition of plant and soil. Absorption
of mineral nutrients - roots,
Mycorrhizae, types of mycorrhizae. Effect of soil pH on nutrient
availability. Ion traffic into root.
The nature of membrane carriers, channels and electrogenic pumps. Passive
and active (primary and secondary) transports and their energetics.
Essential and beneficial elements-their functions and deficiency symptoms
in plants. Fertilizers and their significance in Agriculture.
Date
20.09.2010
21.09.2010
27.09.2010
28.09.2010
4.10.2010
5.10.2010
11.05.2010
12.10.2010
18.10.2010
19.10.2010
25.10.2010
26.10.2010
01.11.2010
02.11.2010
08.11.2010
09.11.2010
15.11.2010
16.11.2010
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MID TERM EXAMS
Phytochromes: Discovery of phytochromes and cryptochromes. Physical and 22.11.2010
chemical properties of phytochromes. Distribution of phytochromes among
species, cells and tissues
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Role of phytochromes in biological processes. Phytochromes and gene 23.11.2010
expression.
Control of Flowering: Autonomous versus environmental regulation.
29.11.2010
Floral meristem and floral organ development.
Floral organ identity genes and the ABC model.
30.11.2010
Classification of plants according to photoperiodic reaction
06.12.2010
Photoperiodic induction, locus of photoperiodic reaction and dark periods in
photoperiodism.
Role of photoperiodism in flowering. Biochemical signaling involved in
flowering.
Vernalization and its effect on flowering.
Circadian rhythms.
Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction: Genome size and organization.
Gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Gene regulation in eukaryotes.
Signal transduction in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Signal transduction in eukaryotes.
Class discussion –Remainder work
07.12.2010
13.12.2010
14.12.2010
20.12.2010
21.12.2010
27.12.2010
28.12.2010
03.01.2011
04.01.2011
10.01.2011
11.01.2011
FINAL EXAMS
Assignments
1. Regulation of flowering in cereals
2. Auxin: role of plant hormone in growth and development
3. Polyamines: unique roles in growth and stress responses
Practical
1. Preparation of solutions of specific normality of acids/bases, salts, sugars, molal and molar
solutions and their standardization.
2. Determination of uptake of water by swelling seeds when placed in sodium chloride solution
of different concentrations.
3. Measurement of leaf water potential by the dye method.
4. Extraction of chlorophyll from the leaves and separation of component pigments on a paper
chromatogram. Study of absorption spectra using spectrophotometer.
5. Effect of plant hormones on seedling growth.
6. Estimation of oxygen utilized by a respiring plant by Winkler’s method.
7. Extraction of amylase from germinating wheat seeds and study of its effect on starch
breakdown.
8. Study of different stages of seed germination.
Recommended Books
1. Salisbury F.B. and Ross C.B. 2005. Plant Physiology. 5th Edition. Wadsworth Publishing Co.
Belmont CA.
2. Taiz, L. and Zeiger, E. 2006. Plant Physiology. 4th Edition. Sinnauers Publ. Co. Inc. Calif.
3. W.B. Hopkins. 1999. Introduction to Plant Physiology. 2 nd Ed. John Wiley and Sons. New
York.
4. Epstein, E. and Bloom, A.J. 2004. Mineral Nutrition of Plants: Principles and Perspectives. 2 nd
Edition. Sinauer Associates, California, USA.
5. Kirkham, M.B. 2004. Principles of Soil and Plant Water Relations. Elsevier, Amsterdam,
Netherlands.
6. Dennis, D.T., Turpin, D.H., Lefebvre, D.D. and Layzell, D.B. 1997. Plant Metabolism. 2 nd
Edition. Longman Group, U.K.
7. Fitter, A. and Hay, R.K.M. 2004. Environmental Physiology of Plants. 3rd edition, Academic
Press, UK.
8. Nobel, P.S. 2004. Physicochemical and Environmental Plant Physiology. Academic Press, UK.
9. Press, M.C., Barker, M.G., and Scholes, J.D. 2000. Physiological Plant Ecology, British
Ecological Society Symposium, Volume 39, Blackwell Science, UK.
10. Horst Marschner. 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Academic Press, USA
11. Brian Thomas and Daphne Vince-Prue. 2006. Photoperiodism in plants Academic Press USA
and HEC digital library and other internet resources
All handouts, paper readings will be delivered through interactive yahoo group PHYSIOLOGIA
All students should join PHYSIOLOGIA to receive HANDOUTS in PDFs
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/Physiologia
Recommended Research papers
Paul F Devlin. 2002. Signs of the time: Environmental input to the circadian clock. Journal of
Experimental Botany. 53(374):15351550
Steven R Adam, Simon Pearson, and Paul Hadley. 2001. Improving quantitative models through
a better understanding of the phases of photoperiod sensitivity. Journal of Experimental
Botany 52(357): 655-662
Jianming Li and Joanne Chori. 1999. Brassinosteroid actions in plants. Journal of Experimental
Botany. 50(332):275-285
Ben Miflin. 2000. Crop Improvement in 21st century. Journal of Experimental Botany. 51(342):
1-8
Ernst Steudle and Carol A Peterson. 1998. How does water get through roots Journal of
Experimental Botany 49(322): 775-788
Andrea Nardini and Sebastiano Salleo. 2005. Water stress-induced modifications of leaf
hydraulic architecture in sunflower: co-ordination with gas exchange Journal of
Experimental Botany. 56(422): 3093-3101
Recommended Journals
Plant Physiology
Plant Cell, and Environment
Journal of Experimental Botany
Plant Growth regulation
Journal of Plant Physiology
Photosynthetica
Research Articles included in Final exams
Assignments submission: www.turnitin.com
Photosynthesis Research
Planta
Plant Science
Biologia Plantarum
Annual Reviews of Plant Biology and
Molecular Biology