Download ppt on climate

Climate
• Climate is the average weather conditions of a
particular region of earth or area with regard
to temperatures, rainfall, air pressure,
seasonal variation & weather extremes.
S.S. Randhwa
Conti…
• The weather conditions prevailing in an area
in general or over a long period
Climate factors
 solar energy
- Angle of sun
- atmosphere to be crossed
- duration of the day
 temperature
-- distance from equator
----altitude
--- distance from sea
--- wind
Conti…
 Atmospheric pressure
-- temperature
---altitude
--water vapours
Movement of wind
Moisture or humidity in atmosphere
Climate change
• a change in global or regional climate
patterns, in particular a change apparent from
the mid to late 20th century onwards and
attributed largely to the increased levels of
atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the
use of fossil fuels.
Impact on human beings
• Decrease availability of drinking water which
is safe & clean especially during flood as well
as droughts
• Water borne diseases
• Decrease in production of food
• Distribution of vector borne diseases
Disaster
• A disaster is any natural event that
overwhelms a community, district or country’s
ability to respond.
• Types
• Natural
• Manmade disasters
Conti..
• Natural : earthquakes, floods, drought,
cyclone, lightening, volcanic eruptions,
tsunami.
Effects on environment
• Destroys buildings, cities, villages, & causes
cracks in buildings.
• Loss of human & animal life
• Decaying of bodies causes pollution
• Psychological trauma
Prevention
• Strengthening existing structure
• Having earthquake study centers
• Insurance policies for earthquake victims to
rehabilitate them
• Creating disaster management teams to
manage such calamities
• Education to people for safety measures.
Tsunami
• Earthquake effect at sea level is high and is
most serious from a earthquake these may
occur due to under water volcanic eruptions
or sea floor slumping
Effect
• Washes out coastal villages townes cities as
costal areas get flooded with sea water.
• Causes soil erosion thereby making it infertile
• Causes loss to human animal &planet life
• Spreads diseases in costal areas
Prevention Control
• Plant more trees on the costal area
• Timely informing &Evacuating people
• Immediate relief&rehabilitation to affected
people
• Making contingency action plans
Droughts
• Due to shortage or absence of rainfull for a
longer time period, the land is dried up
affecting the vegetation animal& human life.
• It is a natural metrological phenomena in
arid& semi arid regions of world but human
activities are also responsible such as global
warming climate changea deforestation
industrialisation etc.
Efeccts of Droughts
• Casuses desertification.
• Casuses shortage of food fodder&water to
living organisms.
• Deth due to starvation and casues many
diseases due to undernutrition
• Decreases economic groth&increases
unemployment.
Prevention&Control
• Using canal irrigation
• Supplying food fodder for rehabilitation
among people of drought prone areas
• Growing species acording to ecological
requirement of area.
Floods
• Flood occures due to countinuous heavey rainfall in an
area overflowing of rivers and submerging the surrounding
ares damaging life and property. Some of the natural
factors such as high intensity rainfall natural of river valleys
blocking due to land slides cyclonic rainfall etc. are these
causes of flood the envirolment is
• Loss of lives of people animal etc.
• Damage to buildings such as houses ,roads,bridges etc
• Damage to agricultural crops
• Casues shortage of food,drinking water, and electricity.
• Conaminate water with various pathogens leading toout
break of disease epididemics,thus imparing human health
Prevention&Control
•
•
•
•
Proper embankment of water bodies
Building dams flood borne streams
Growing forests/trees
Alterning people of affected area after getting
metrological data &educating people about the
preventive measures to be taken in case of disatser.
• Providing food,cloths, safe drinking water and publik
health services by govt.agencies
• Creating proper drains,so as to drain rain water in raing
seasons
Cyclones
• Are called as hurricane
• It is a powerful circular or oval swirling storm
of high velocity wind in the costal regions of
indian ocean.
Effect on environment
• Damage life of human beings, animals, crops
& trees
• Cause floods, long duration rainfall &
landslides in hilly areas
Prevention & control
• Forestation
• Creating awareness by forecasting about such
disasters with help of remote sensing
satellities
• Construction of cyclone proof houses
• Speedy evacuation, immediate relief &
rehabilitation of affected people
Landslides
• Due to gravitational pull, when sudden
downslope movement of a mass of rock or soil
occurs, it means landslides have occurred
Effect on environment
• Block the roads, bury buildings, & uproot
plants
• Affect power, water & communication services
Prevention & control
• Reforestation
• Avoid construction in slopy areas
• Making concrete support at the base of slope
along the roads
EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Droughts
Effect on flora & fauna
Increase rainfall
Desertification
Floods
Contamination of water
Rise of sea level
Ozone depletion
• Is a layer present in atmosphere & its highest
concentration is formed by the reaction of UV
rays on oxygen at the areas of high altitude .
Functions of ozone layer
• Filtration of UV rays & prevention of UV
radiations reaching on earth
• Acts as a protective shield against harmful
effects of U.V rays
Causes
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Automobiles
High attitude aircrafts
Aerosol sprays
Refrigerators
Fire extinguishers
Industrial plants
Action of bacteria in soil
Impact of ozone layer depletion
•
•
•
•
•
Reduced life of aquatic animals
Skin cancer
Cataract
Depressed immune system
Shorter life span of animals, plants , human
beings
• Dimming of eye sight
Acid rain