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Impact on the energy of the atmosphere of some fuels
240
Increase in relative radiative forcing
200
160
120
80
40
0
Logging
residues
Reed canary
grass
Natural gas
Peat from
agricultural land
Mineral coal
Peat from
forestry land
• Radioactive forcing means the difference in power between the radiation entering the atmosphere and emitted from it.
Relative radiative forcing means the relation of these two. Positive radiative forcing means that the atmosphere is
warming, negative that it is cooling.
• The impact has been evaluated on a hundred years’ run. The vertical line means the uncertainty of the evaluation.
• Source: Johanna Kirkinen: Greenhouse impact assessment of some combustible fuels with a dynamic life cycle
approach. Åbo Akademi University, VTT, 2010.
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