Download Unit 6 Review Guide

REVIEW QUESTIONS – Blood
UNIT 6: CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
1) List the three general functions of BLOOD.
1.
2.
3.
2) a) What are the three “formed elements”/cellular elements in blood?
1.
2.
3.
b) Describe the composition of the liquid portion of blood, PLASMA.
c) What is the name of RBC (erythrocyte) formation?
Where do blood cells form?
d) Erythropoietin is available as a drug (sold by Amgen!). Why would athletes abuse it?
3) a) What would happen to a fetus if maternal blood had an equal or greater affinity for oxygen than fetal blood?
b) Where are nutrients and gases exchanged between mother and fetus?
4) Approximately how long does a RBC “live?”
Where recycled?
5) What is the function of blood platelets?
6) a) Distinguish between a THROMBUS and an EMBOLUS.
b) When a blood clot forms in a vessel supplying the heart and heart tissue dies, the result is a
.
c) When a blood clot forms in a vessel supplying the brain and brain tissue dies, the result is a
.
7) What happens when there is a mismatched blood transfusion.
8) a) Which blood type is the “universal recipient”? Why?
b) Which blood type is the “universal donor”? Why?
c) How might a technique to remove A and B antigens from red blood cells be used to increase the supply of
donated blood?
d) Discuss Rh antigens and antibodies. Also, explain how the Rh factor affects moms and babies.
e) Why can a person receive platelets donated by anyone, but must receive a particular type of whole blood?
9) Starting with hemostasis, describe the process for how a blood clot forms. Include the activation of fibrinogen in your
explanation.
10) Describe the following blood conditions:
a) hemophilia:
b) anemia:
c) leukemia:
Major Arteries and Veins – Review Questions
1) Name the largest artery in the human body:
largest vein?
2) What 3 major arteries extend from the arch of the aorta?
1.
2.
3.
3) What is the major vein that returns blood from the walls of the heart to the right atrium? (2 names; use your notes)
4) a) Describe the three layers of blood vessels (include their names).
1.
2.
3.
b) How are these layers different between arteries, veins, and capillaries?
5) Match the arteries in column A with the regions supplied in column B. Place the letter of your choice in the space.
(some are not on your “required” list; use your brain or the college textbook!)
Column A
Column B
A) anterior tibial artery
______1) jaw, teeth, and brain
B) brachial artery
______2) muscles of the chest wall
C) bronchial artery
______3) kidney
D) carotid artery
______4) pelvis
E) mesenteric artery
______5) foot and toes
F) hepatic artery
______6) thigh
G) iliac artery
______7) triceps muscle
H) axillary artery
______8) knee joint
I) femoral artery
______9) lung tissue
J) popliteal artery
______10) spleen
K) renal artery
______11) tongue; mouth
L) splenic artery
______12) intestines and colon
M) lingual artery
______13) liver
N) ulnar artery
______14) lower arm muscles
6) Provide the name of the missing artery in each of the following sequences:
• brachiocephalic artery -
- axillary artery
• ascending aorta -
- thoracic aorta
• axillary artery -
- radial artery
• subclavian artery -
- brachial artery
• axillary artery -
- ulnar artery
• thoracic aorta artery • femoral artery -
- femoral artery
- anterior tibial artery
7) Match each vein in column A with the vein it drains into from column B. Place the letter of your choice in the
space.
Column A
Column B
A) anterior tibial vein
______1) popliteal vein
B) brachial vein
______2) axillary vein
C) brachiocephalic vein
______3) inferior vena cava
D) common iliac vein
______4) subclavian vein
E) jugular vein
______5) brachial vein
F) femoral vein
______6) superior vena cava
G) popliteal vein
______7) femoral vein
H) radial vein
______8) iliac vein
8) Provide the name of the missing vein or veins in each of the following sequences:
• R axillary vein -
- superior vena cava
• posterior tibial vein -
- femoral vein
• great saphenous vein • liver (organ) • brachial vein • R jugular vein • kidney (organ) -
- inferior vena cava
- inferior vena cava
- subclavian vein
- R brachiocephalic vein
- inferior vena cava
STUDY QUESTIONS – Heart
1a) Describe the structure, size, and location of the heart.
b) How is a fetal heart different than a child’s or an adult’s heart?
2) What ensures:
a) that the blood in the right and left side of the heart don’t mix?
b) that the blood only flows in one direction between the atria and ventricles?
3) Explain the relationship between and the significance of the CHORDAE TENDINEAE and the PAPILLARY
MUSCLES.
4) Why does the left ventricle have thicker, more muscular walls than the right ventricle?
5)Complete the following chart comparing two heart-related medical conditions:
Condition
What is it? / Symptoms?
Caused by?
ANGINA PECTORIS
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
6) Complete the following chart summarizing the components involved in cardiac conduction.
Component
Where is it?
Role in cardiac conduction?
SA node
AV node
Purkinje fibers
7) Differentiate between systole and diastole.
8) Describe the following heart conditions:
a) arteriosclerosis:
b) atherosclerosis:
c) Bradycardia:
d) Tachycardia:
e) aneurysm:
f) heart murmur:
How would a doctor diagnose a heart murmur?
g) stroke:
9) Describe the two causes of varicose veins.
1.
2.
10) A blood pressure of 120/70 means what?
11) How is blood pressure regulated by negative feedback?
12) How is a bypass different than an angioplasty?
13) What is defibrillation?
**KNOW: The pathway of blood as it flows through a complete systematic and pulmonary cycle. (Include all
chambers, valves, and blood vessels associated with the heart & lungs.) DETAIL!! You know this will be on the test!