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Name______________________________________________________________Hour_________________
Unit 16 Test Review
1.
The combined genetic information of all members of a particular population forms a ____________________________
2. The success of an organism in surviving and reproducing is a measure of its _____________________________________
3.
Traits that are controlled by more than one gene, such as human height are known as_____________________________
4. The type of selection in which individuals of average size have greater fitness than small or large individuals is called
________________________________________
5.
The type of selection in which individuals at one end of the curve have the highest fitness is called
_________________________________________
6.
The type of selection in which individuals at both ends of the curve have higher fitness than average individuals is called
_________________________________________
7.
A random change in a small population’s allele frequency is known as _________________________________________
8.
A change in allele frequency that results from the migration of a small subgroup of a population is called
_______________________________________
9.
A group of individuals of the same species that interbreed make up a _______________________
10. The evolution of Darwin’s finches is an example of ________________________________
11. Explain what relative frequency means. ___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
12. Explain why sexual reproduction is a source of genetic variation._______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
13. What determines the number of phenotypes for a given trait. _________________________________________________
14. Define evolution in genetic terms. _______________________________________________________________________
15. How are speciation and reproductive isolation related? _______________________________________________________
16. How do stabilizing and disruptive selection differ?___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
17. What is genetic drift?__________________________________________________________________________________
In what type of populations is it likely to occur? ____________________________________________________________
18. What is genetic equilibrium? ____________________________________________________________________________
What conditions are required to maintain it?
a.
___________________________________________________________________________________
b.
___________________________________________________________________________________
c.
___________________________________________________________________________________
d.
___________________________________________________________________________________
e.
___________________________________________________________________________________
What happens if one of those conditions is not met? ________________________________________________________
19. Explain how isolation of groups can be involved in speciation. ________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
20. Members in a population all belong to the same ___________________________________________________________
21. What type of isolation can occur in a population of plants where some flowers open at midday and others open late in
the day? __________________________________
22. What type of isolation can occur in a population in which the same species of frogs has a different mating call?
______________________________________
23. What type of isolation can occur if a mountain range separates a population? ____________________________________
24. Does genetic drift tend to occur in large or small populations? ________________________________________________
25. Define Founder effect-_________________________________________________________________________________
Give an example ____________________________________________________________________________________
26. If an allele makes up ¾ of a populations alleles for a given trait what is its relative frequency? ___________________%
27. What is a random change in a small populations allele frequency known as? __________________________________
28. When a population is NOT evolving, it is in a situation called _____________________________________________
29. Gene shuffling and mutations are two things that cause _________________________________________________
30. Most heritable differences (variation) in organisms are due to ______________________________________________
31. What is meant by the term single-gene trait? ______________________________________________________________
32. Why are polygenic traits represented by a bell curve? ________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
33. Name and describe each of the types of graphs below(note, the shaded areas show phenotypes that are most fit) What
type of selection do they show, natural selection on single gene traits or polygenic traits? ________________________
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