Download SURVEY OF PHYSICS 100

SURVEY OF PHYSICS 100
Instructor: Chris Anderson
Office Phone: 732-6663
E-mail: [email protected]
4 credit hours – Fall 2010
Office: Herrett Center 109
Office Hours: T, Th 2:30 – 4:30
Course Description: An overview of the principles of mechanics; properties of matter, heat, light,
electricity and magnetism; and modern physics. This course employs a
conceptual approach to physics. Very limited math skills are necessary.
Textbook: Conceptual Physics, Paul G. Hewitt, Pearson Publishing, 10th edition, ISBN # 978-0321-54833-7. iClickers are required.
The expected outcomes of this course are as follows:
a. The student will gain an understanding of the basic concepts of mechanics.
b. The student will learn the laws of wave motion and their application to various types of waves.
c. The student will know the fundamental laws governing heat.
d. The student will understand the atomic nature of the universe.
e. The student will gain a basic knowledge of quantum concepts.
f. The student will understand the wave nature of light and predict behavior of light under various
conditions.
g. The student will gain an appreciation of the scientific method.
Assessment of the above outcomes will depend on examinations, quizzes, class discussion, and
laboratory exercises. The student will have achieved the course objectives when they have
satisfactorily completed all lab exercises and the required written reports, and earned satisfactory
scores on the exams, quizzes and comprehensive final.
Needed Skills: The student must read English at the grade 13 level.
Policies and Procedures: The following policies and procedures are in addition to those in the
2009-10 CSI Catalog.
a. The class meets for two 90-minute lecture periods each week.
b. The class meets for one 110-minute lab period each week.
c. Lab write-ups are due at the end of the period. Homework is submitted via the internet. It is
due at the beginning of the specified class period. Homework may not be submitted late.
d. Students are expected to attend all classes and laboratory sessions. Each class may have
questions using iClickers as well as graded labs. Missed labs and Class Questions can not
be made up. Students are expected to do their own work; however, small study groups are
encouraged when doing homework or completing lab reports. When a student simply
copies someone else's work, no credit will be given for the assignment. If plagiarism
occurs during an examination, the student will receive zero points for that exam with no
opportunity to make-up the missing points.
f. All papers must be turned into the teacher of the class only. No one else is authorized to
accept paperwork.
g. No assignments or labs will be accepted after Friday, 07 May - 4:00 p.m.
h. In keeping with the CSI policy, no food or beverage may be consumed in the classroom and
tobacco use is prohibited.
i. Turn off all cell phones before the start of class.
j. It is the student’s responsibility to drop the course. I cannot do it for you.
Grades:
Final grades are assigned on the following basis:
3 exams at 100 points each, total
4 Quizzes at 25 points each, total
Homework
Labs
Class Questions
Final Exam
300 points
100 points
100 points
250 points
50 points
200 points.
Total points possible
1000
The student will achieve a fraction of 1000 points. 90-100% earns an "A", 80-89% earns a "B",
70-79% earns a "C", 60-69% earns a "D", and 59% or less earns an "F".
Keep track of homework points on Blackboard via the “Tools” > “My Grades” tabs.
Blackboard: Material for this course is available on the Internet at http://blackboard.csi.edu or
by clicking on the Blackboard link on CSI’s main web site, www.csi.edu. Students are
responsible for checking this site regularly for the latest course information. Most, if not all, of
your homework assignments are in the form of quizzes you will access and turn in via
Blackboard. Your username and password are the same as your network and e-mail username
and password: username: First 3 Characters of Student’s First Name (If less than 3 characters,
then as many as exist), Entire Last Name, Birth Month and Birth Day in format MMDD. Initial
password:
First name initial (ALL CAPS), Last name initial, (ALL CAPS), CSI Student ID
(with leading zeros to make it at least 6 characters; e.g., ID# 1257 would be 001257 Each student
who registers for classes at CSI will automatically have a Blackboard account created.
CSI E-mail: Since email is the primary source of written communication with students, all
registered CSI students get a college email account. Student e-mail addresses have the following
format: [email protected]. Students can check their CSI e-mail online at
http://students.csi.edu. Instructors and various offices send messages to these accounts. Students
must check their CSI e-mail accounts regularly to avoid missing important messages and
deadlines. At the beginning of each semester free training sessions are offered to students who
need help in using their accounts.
Disabilities: Any student with a documented disability may be eligible for related accommodations.
To determine eligibility and secure services, students should contact the coordinator of Disability
Services at their first opportunity after registration for a class. Student Disability Services is located
on the second floor of the Taylor Building on the Twin Falls Campus. (208)732-6250 (voice) or
(208) 734-9929 (TTY) or e-mail Scott Scholes, [email protected].
Course Evaluations: To help instructors continually improve courses, students are strongly
encouraged to go online to http://evaluation.csi.edu and complete anonymous evaluations which
open two weeks before the end of the course and close the last day of class. When students enter
the site, they find evaluations for their enrolled courses. Thank you for this valuable input!
Specific Objectives: In each example listed below the student will...
I. Mechanics
1. Scientific Method and Measurements
a. ...discuss the importance of measurement to science.
b. ...discuss the early measurements of Earth's and the Moon's diameters, distances from
Earth to the Moon and to the Sun.
c. ...discuss early measurement of the Sun's diameter.
d. ...list steps in scientific method.
e. ...identify scientific attitude.
f. ...identify which areas may be researched using the scientific method and which ones
will not produce usable predictions.
2. Newton’s First Law
a. ...identify the differences between Aristotle’s theories of motion and those of Newton
and Galileo.
b. ...discuss the significance of Galileo’s motion experiments.
c. ...state Newton’s first law of motion.
d. ...apply Newton’s first law of motion to real systems to understand or predict the
system’s behavior.
e. ...apply Newton’s first law in moving reference frames.
3. Linear Motion
a. ...explain Aristotle's concept of motion as it relates to his view of the universe.
b. ...differentiate between Aristotle's view of motion and Galileo's view.
c. ...define and identify speed, velocity, acceleration and length.
d. ...predict the behavior of objects in motion or at rest using the concepts of speed,
velocity and acceleration.
e. ...predict the behavior of a body in free fall.
f. ...explain how Copernicus reasoned that the earth was moving.
g. ...differentiate between linear and angular position, velocity and acceleration.
4. Newton’s Second Law of Motion
a. ...explain the difference between force and acceleration.
b. ...explain the effects of friction on the behavior of a system.
c. ...differentiate between weight and mass.
d. ...apply Newton’s second law of motion to real systems to understand or predict the
system’s behavior.
e. ...predict the path of falling bodies and describe their motion both with and without
air resistance.
5. Newton’s Third Law of Motion
a. ...identify action-reaction force pairs in real world interactions.
b. ...state Newton’s third law of motion.
c. ...apply Newton’s third law of motion to real systems to understand or predict the
system’s behavior.
d. ...differentiate between vector and scalar quantities and learn how to identify each.
e. ...add vectors graphically.
f. ...resolve vectors into components, graphically.
6. Momentum
a. ...define momentum and apply momentum concepts to some everyday events and thus
predict behavior of certain bodies.
b. ...discover the relationship between impulse and momentum and explain this
correctly.
c. ...explain the conservation of momentum law and use it to predict the behavior of
bodies in selected situations.
d. ...predict the behavior of two bodies during elastic and inelastic collisions.
7. Energy
a. ...write the definition of work and identify work being done in several situations.
b. ...list and describe various kinds of energy.
c. ...define power and differentiate between power and energy.
d. ...define and describe both potential energy and kinetic energy.
e. ...explain conservation of energy and use the concept to predict the behavior of bodies
in selected situations.
f. ...apply the energy concept to simple machines.
g. ...define efficiency.
h. ...compare kinetic energy to momentum.
8. Rotational Motion
a. ...define rotational inertia and describe several examples of it.
b. ...define torque and identify the torques present in a variety of physical conditions.
c. ...locate the center of gravity of a body and describe how to do it in other bodies.
d. ...determine the relative stability of a body by locating its center of gravity.
e. ...describe the forces on a body undergoing circular motion and correctly explain the
concepts of centripetal force.
f. ...explain centrifugal force in a rotating frame of reference as a fictitious force.
g. ...define angular momentum, discover the factors that affect it, and apply conservation
principles to several independent phenomena.
h. ...explain the conditions in which a body may be weightless.
9. Gravity
a. ...write the universal law of gravitation.
b. ...explain how distance affects gravitational attraction.
c. ...describe and apply conditions for weightlessness.
d. ...apply Newton's Laws to explain the tides on the earth.
e. ...describe a gravitational field and use the concept to explain Einstein's theory of
gravitation.
f. ...state and explain the ideas of Universal Gravitation.
10. Projectile and Satellite Motion
a. ...differentiate projectile motion from other types of motion, explaining the forces on
a projectile and the resulting velocity and acceleration.
b. ...explain how the moon may be considered a falling body.
c. ...explain satellite motion on the basis of gravitation and will explain why elliptical
orbits may be expected.
d. ...differentiate between circular and elliptical orbits and the conditions necessary to
produce each.
e. ...write Kepler's Laws and explain the significance of each.
f. ...recognize the importance of Kepler's Laws to Newton's Laws.
g. ...explain how energy is conserved in various orbits.
h. ...define escape velocity and explain conditions necessary for it.
II. Properties of Matter
11. Atomic Nature of Matter
a. ...classify atoms and molecules and differentiate between them.
b. ...describe some of the early experiments that indicate the atomic nature of the
universe.
c. ...differentiate between elements, compounds and mixtures.
d. ...describe the structure of an atom.
e. ...examine the periodic chart and determine the nuclear components of a specific
atom.
f. ...differentiate between the states of matter.
g. ...define tension and compression and explain how these concepts apply to
architecture.
III. Heat
15. Temperature, Heat, and Expansion
a. ...differentiate between heat and temperature.
b. ...measure changes in temperature.
c. ...explain the importance of absolute zero.
d. ...define calories and relate them to mechanical energy units.
e. ...describe specific heat and explain what it measures.
f. ...explain thermal expansion in terms of molecular motion.
g. ...explain why ice is less dense than water.
16. Heat Transfer
a. ...define and describe heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation.
b. ...state Newton's Law of Cooling.
c. ...discuss the greenhouse effect.
d. ...describe solar power, its collection and feasibility.
e. ...analyze heat transfer from a thermos bottle.
17. Change of Phase
a. ...analyze the conditions necessary for evaporation and condensation.
b. ...state the conditions necessary for boiling to take place.
c. ...explain the action of geysers.
d. ...discover that boiling is a cooling process.
e. ...discover the triple point of water.
f. ...analyze the condition necessary for melting and freezing.
g. ...explain the phenomenon of regelation.
h. ...formulate one explanation for state changes using energy.
i. ...apply state change principles to weather conditions.
18. Thermodynamics
a. ...write and explain the First Law of Thermodynamics.
b. ...write and explain the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
c. ...define entropy and explain its place in the universe.
d. ...describe an adiabatic process.
e. ...explain heat engines.
IV. Sound
19. Vibrations and Waves
a. ...draw sine waves and demonstrate the meaning of amplitude, wavelength, period,
and frequency.
b. ...demonstrate that a sine wave is simple harmonic motion coupled with transverse
motion at constant velocity.
c. ...write and explain the wave velocity equation.
d. ...differentiate between transverse and longitudinal waves.
e. ...describe interference and use that to explain standing waves.
f. ...describe the Doppler effect and explain why it occurs.
g. ...describe shock waves and explain the reasons for their occurrence.
20. Sound
a. ...cite necessary conditions for sound production.
b. ...discuss sound transmission, citing necessary conditions.
c. ...list some uses of sound.
d. ...describe resonance and explain it.
e. ...explain the phenomenon of "beats".
21. Musical Sounds
a. ...explain the relationship between pitch and frequency.
b. ...distinguish between sound intensity and loudness.
c. ...use the decibel scale to describe the loudness of sounds.
d. ...describe what gives various sounds their unique quality.
e. ...describe how musical instruments create sound.
f. ...describe how a compact disc works.
V. Electricity and Magnetism
22. Electrostatics
a. ...explain the nature of electric charge (quantization).
b. ...differentiate between conductors and insulators and predict the behavior of charges on
each surface.
c. ...explain what is meant by saying that charge is conserved.
d. ...explain charging by contact and by induction.
e. ...define an electric field, and predict its effect on various charges.
f. ...define electric shielding.
g. ...explain Gauss's Law.
h. ...differentiate between electrical potential and electrical potential energy.
i. ...define capacitance, and explain the effect of a capacitor in a circuit.
23. Electric Circuits
a. ...define current and explain analogies between electrical current, the flow of heat and
the flow of water.
b. ...define voltage and differentiate between voltage and potential difference.
c. ...state Ohm's Law and use it to predict the behavior of simple electric circuits.
d. ...apply energy considerations to D.C. electrical circuits.
e. ...define electrical resistance.
f. ...explain the relationship between power, current and voltage.
g. ...state the role of current and voltage in series and parallel circuits.
h. ...state electrical safety procedures and explain why they are necessary.
24. Magnetism
a. ...explain the magnetic fields around permanent magnets using diagrams.
b. ...define a magnetic field and determine if one exists at any point in space.
c. ...predict the motion of charges moving through a magnetic field and explain related
effects.
d. ...determine the direction of force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field.
e. ...find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field about a current-carrying wire;
in the center of a flat loop, and in the center of a solenoid.
f. ...describe the Earth's magnetic field.
g. ...predict the effect of moving a wire through a magnetic field and calculate the
current generated.
h. ...explain the working of an electric motor.
25. Electromagnetic Induction
a. ...explain induced EMF by using Faraday's Law.
b. ...explain what happens when a current in a coil is placed in a magnetic field and then
use this to explain motors (D.C.) and meters.
c. ...explain the action of a generator, both D.C. and A.C.
d. ...describe the characteristics of a transformer.
e. ...define inductance.
VI. Light
26. Properties of Light
a. ...discuss the velocity of an electromagnetic wave.
b. ...describe the electromagnetic spectrum and list the similarities and differences
between various forms of radiation.
c. ...present an explanation of light emission.
d. ...describe emission spectra and present an explanation of them using the concept of
photon emission.
e. ...draw a diagram of the human eye and explain why we see color.
f. ...differentiate between opaque and transparent materials.
27. Color
a. ...describe selective reflection and explain how this imparts objects with their color.
b. ...explain selective transmission.
c. ...predict the resulting colors from additive and subtractive mixing.
d. ...answer the question, "Why is the sky blue?"
e. ...explain why sunsets are red, clouds are white, and the sea is blue.
28. Reflection and Refraction
a. ...draw ray diagrams showing light's path when reflected.
b. ...draw ray diagrams showing light's path when refracted.
c. ...predict the proper placement of the image in a plane mirror.
d. ...define refractive index using the velocity of light in various media in the definition.
e. ...discuss mirages.
f. ...explain why rainbows occur and explain why they are not approachable.
g. ...describe the action of converging and diverging lenses.
h. ...explain the phenomenon of total internal reflection.
29. Light Waves
a. ...relate Huygens' Principle.
b. ...describe diffraction using wave theory.
c. ...discuss wave interference and its relation to fringe production in light.
d. ...explain Newton's Rings.
e. ...explain thin film interference.
f. ...explain what polarized light is and how to produce it by transmission and by
reflection.
g. ...describe a hologram and how to produce one.
30. Light Emission
a. ...explain the emission of light and determine the spectra of several gases.
b. ...explain how absorption spectra are formed.
c. ...explain fluorescence.
d. ...explain phosphorescence.
e. ...explain lasers and how they function.
31. Light Quanta
a. ...distinguish between Planck’s theory and the classical theory of blackbody radiation.
b. ...explain the relation between frequency and energy.
c. ...distinguish between Einstein’s theory and the classical theory of the photoelectric
effect.
d. ...explain the double-slit experiment in light of wave-particle duality.
e. ...state the uncertainty principle and describe its consequences.
32. The Atom and the Quantum
a. ...describe Rutherford’s experiment and its conclusions.
b. ...describe the relation between an atom and its spectrum.
c. ...describe Bohr’s model of the atom and its successes and failures in describing
atomic spectra.
d. ...describe the relation between the de Broglie wavelength of an electron and it energy
level in an atom.
e. ...explain the meaning and implications of the wave function.
f. ...describe real world applications of quantum mechanics.
33. The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity
a. ...explain both characteristic x-rays and Bremsstrahlung.
b. ...differentiate between , , and  rays.
c. ...explain Rutherford's experiment with  particles.
d. ...use "isotopes" correctly in discussing radioactivity.
e. ...explore the reasons for radioactive behavior of some nuclides.
f. ...explain half-life and predict decay rates.
g. ...discuss various methods of detecting radiation.
h. ...differentiate between natural and artificial transmutation of elements.
i. ...explain Carbon-dating and other dating methods by radioactive decay.
j. ...describe effects on humans by radiation.
34. Nuclear Fission and Fusion
a. ...explain the process of nuclear fission and identify isotopes that do it.
b. ...draw a diagram of a nuclear reactor and explain its operation.
c. ...list the "pros and cons" of nuclear energy.
d. ...differentiate between breeder reactors and other types.
e. ...discuss fusion and energy production from it.
35. Special Relativity
a. ...state Einstein’s postulates of special relativity.
b. ...describe the consequences of special relativity with regard to length, time, velocity
and momentum.
c. ...explain the rationale for mass energy equivalence.
d. ...use E=mc2 to determine mass energy equivalence.
e. ...describe real world applications of special relativity.
36. General Relativity
a. ...state Einstein’s postulates of general relativity.
b. ...explain the principle of equivalence.
c. ...explain gravitational red shift.
d. ...describe real world applications of general relativity.