Download OBIS - Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research

Ocean Biogeographic
Information System
‘Mission’
• OBIS publishes primary data on marine
species locations online through
www.iobis.org
– It facilitates data discovery and exploration by
• Searching by species, higher taxa, time, location…
• Mapping observed occurrences
• Modelling of potential environmental range
– Integrates data over marine themes
• Microbes to whales
• Genetics and morphology
• Poles to equator…
– Enables data capture for re-use
• Data archaeology; discovery metadata
• Provides the biogeographic context for
oceanic biological research
OBIS in context
• IT component of CoML
– Capturing and integrating data
– Support the 2010 synthesis
• Marine component of GBIF
– Fully inter-operable with GBIF standards
– Extending with marine-specific elements
• Begin/end point of tracks (trawl)
• Marine component of Species 2000
– World register of Marine Species (WoRMS)
– http://marinespecies.org
• Partner with IOC, FAO, IUCN, UNEP
(WCMC)
• Hosted by Rutgers University IMCS, funded
by Sloan Foundation
Governance
• Federation of organisations
– Which share a vision: free and open
access to biodiversity information
– Not a single project, with a single
source of funding
• Committees
– Governing Board
– Managers Committee
• Managers of Regional OBIS Nodes
– Science Board
– Working groups
Funding
• RONs are self-supporting
– Except for yearly meeting
– Except for Sloan Grant to set
up shop for most
• Secretariat
– Fully funded by Sloan till 2008
– 2/3 by Sloan from 2008-2010
– After 2010?
Funding sources
• Project funding
– Proposals submitted to NSF and
NOAA
– Discussions with Fondation Total
– ‘Help from our friends’
• Rutgers University in kind
• Core business should not be
critically dependent on project
(=short term) funding: OBIS is
long-term infrastructure
Distribution of cod, Gadus morhua, shown as ‘csquares’ map
OBIS records viewed
120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
Mar-06
Oct-06
Apr-07
Nov-07
Jun-08
Dec-08
Jul-09
Web statistics
Quality assurance
•
•
•
•
Serve data from authoritative sources
Cross-check data statistics and map
User feedback buttons for each result
Usage is part of quality control
process
• Editorial Board
• Web statistics – monitor usage
(citation system)
• Develop peer-review system
OBIS number of records
•
•
•
•
519 datasets
17 million distribution records
147,000 names, 104,000 taxa
Among the largest provider to
the Global Biodiversity
Information Facility
• Who’s providing data?
– Regional OBIS Nodes
– Census of Marine Life
Map of CoML field projects
CoML & Ocean Observing
An example of how CoML technologies can be
implemented in earth and ocean observing systems
Some animals dive 1000m
7 seals tracked during 2-3 month summer feeding migrations
Some CoML Discoveries
Ceratoserolis – an isopod
from the Weddell Sea
Athorybia rosacea – a
siphonophore from the
Sargasso Sea
Promachoteuthis sloani – a squid
from the mid-Atlantic Ridge
Kiwa hirsuta – a crab
from around Easter
Island (nicknamed the
Yeti crab)
Palinurus barbarae –
a lobster from around
Madagascar
Location of RONs
OBIS Regional Node Architecture
Global Node
Regional Node
Provider
Global Database
Regional Database
Products
All Data
Subset of Data
Public Accessibility
GBIF
IOBIS
Data Found By
IOBIS Not From
Global Databases
Regional
Subset
Regional Node
With Local Datasets
And Online Providers
All data
Global Datasets e.g.
FAO, Hexacorallia
Fishbase &
Seamounts
Online Providers
Regional Node
With Local Datasets Only
RMB - March 14, 2004
Still a lot of work…
• We don’t know the total
biodiversity
– New species are discovered
• Selective sampling in geography
– Mostly in surface waters
– Temperate zones
• Selective sampling in taxonomy
– Mostly big things, vertebrates
New species are discovered
Data from http://marinespecies.org
Analysis of OBIS data
• First attempts at diversity pattern on
a global scale, with a large number
of taxa
– Previously either local or on one taxon
(e.g. commercial large fish like tuna,
forams…)
– ‘Safety in numbers’
• Results not affected by idiosyncrasies of
single taxon or study
• Results very preliminary, and need
data cleaning and further checking
– E.g. by artificially removing datasets
from analysis
Global pattern of sampling effort
Pattern in number of species
Corrected for bias: ES(50)
Large Marine Ecosystems
Latitudinal gradient ES(50)
es(50)
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
-100
-50
0
50
100
Marine fish to be discovered
Percentage completeness
1
100
Mora et al (2007). The completeness of taxonomic inventories for describing the
global diversity and distribution of marine fishes. Proc. R. Soc. B, published on line
Predicting distribution of invasive species, Pterois volitans