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Sun, Moon, Planets – Study Guide Sun - Gravity - In our solar system - not in our solar system models - examples of indirect evidence examples of direct evidence shadows - - - shadows can give you information about: moon - closest star to Earth rises in the east, sets in the west at its highest point in the sky at noon appears to be moving from east to west, however, Earth is moving, not the sun. planets and other bodies orbit around the sun Earth rotates on its axis as it revolves around the sun, this causes day and night. Earth’s axis is tilted which causes seasons. Gravitational forces affect all matter in the universe. The force of gravity holds all the parts of the Solar System together sun, moons, planets, meteors, asteroids, comets, Milky Way galaxy black holes, other galaxies, stars, etc., . . . . models are a way to represent concepts that cannot be easily observed (example: the orbit of planets in our solar system around the sun) reading a book, watching a video, listening to a story, etc., .... observing the moon in its phases drawing a shadow, performing an experiment, etc. . . . are a dark area where an object has blocked the light are always on the opposite side from the sun and point away from the sun are shorter in the summer and longer in the winter because the sun is higher in the sky in the summer and lower in the sky in the winter to have a shadow you need a light source and an object to block the light the position of the sun the time of day where east and west are waxing getting larger waning getting smaller crescent, ¼, half moon, ¾ , full takes about a month for the moon to orbit Earth as the moon revolves around Earth, we see a different part of the side lit by the sun Sun, Moon, Planets – Study Guide Planets - In order as you move away from the sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune