Download TREATMENT (A) 2008 - addiction education home

TREATMENT 2008 <154>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008571956
Authors Dempsey J.P. Back S.E. Waldrop A.E. Jenkins L. Brady K.T.
Institution
(Dempsey) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical
University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
(Back, Waldrop, Jenkins, Brady) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Neuroscience Division,
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
(Dempsey) Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.
(Dempsey) Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, 116 N. Murray, Stillwater, OK 74078-3064,
United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
The influence of monetary compensation on relapse among addicted participants:
Empirical vs. anecdotal evidence.
Source
American Journal on Addictions. 17(6)(pp 488-490), 2008. Date of Publication: November
2008.
Publisher
Informa Healthcare
Abstract
Although common, the use of cash incentives to compensate drug-addicted participants is
controversial. This is particularly true given concerns that cash incentives might precipitate
relapse, as is commonly believed. The following investigation examined whether cash versus
money order compensation differentially influenced drug use among 34 non-treatmentseeking, cocaine-dependent individuals. Consistent with past evidence, results did not
suggest that form of compensation was associated with likelihood of continued cocaine use or
dollar amount of cocaine consumed after participation. Findings do not support commonly
held concerns that cash incentives increase the risk of relapse following research
participation. Copyright copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.
ISSN 1055-0496
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name American Journal on Addictions
Volume 17
Issue Part 6
Page 488-490
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication November 2008
TREATMENT 2008 <156>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008571954
Authors Gordon A.J. Liberto J. Granda S. Salmon-Cox S. Andree T. McNicholas L.
Institution
(Gordon, Salmon-Cox, Andree) Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare
System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
(Gordon) Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA,
United States.
(Gordon) Center for Research on Health Care, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
(Gordon) University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
(Liberto) VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD, United States.
(Liberto) University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
(Granda) Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO, United States.
(McNicholas) Philadelphia VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
(Gordon) Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Center for Health Equity Research and
Promotion, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, 7180 Highland Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Outcomes of DATA 2000 certification trainings for the provision of buprenorphine
treatment in the veterans health administration.
Source
American Journal on Addictions. 17(6)(pp 459-462), 2008. Date of Publication: November
2008.
Publisher
Informa Healthcare
Abstract
Despite the high numbers of veterans with opioid dependence, few receive pharmacologic
treatment for this disorder. The adoption of buprenorphine treatment within the Veterans
Health Administration (VHA) has been slow. To expand capacity for buprenorphine treatment,
the VHA sponsored two eight-hour credentialing courses for the Drug Addiction Treatment Act
of 2000. We sought to describe the outcomes of such training. Following the training
sessions, 29 participants (18 physicians) were highly satisfied with course content and
affirmed their intention to prescribe buprenorphine; after nine-month follow-up, two physicians
were prescribing. We conclude that providing credentialing courses, while popular, did not
markedly promote the prescription of buprenorphine. Copyright copyright American Academy
of Addiction Psychiatry.
ISSN 1055-0496
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name American Journal on Addictions
Volume 17
Issue Part 6
Page 459-462
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication November 2008
TREATMENT 2008 <176>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008526935
Authors Caldeiro R.M. Malte C.A. Calsyn D.A. Baer J.S. Nichol P. Kivlahan D.R. Saxon A.J.
Institution
(Caldeiro, Calsyn, Kivlahan, Saxon) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States.
(Malte, Calsyn, Baer, Nichol, Kivlahan, Saxon) VA Puget Sound Health Care System, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA, United States.
(Malte, Calsyn, Baer, Kivlahan, Saxon) Center of Excellence in Substance Abuse Treatment and Education,
University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
(Baer) Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
(Nichol) Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States.
(Caldeiro) University of Washington Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 1959 NE
Pacific Street, Box 356560, Seattle, WA 98195-6560, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
The association of persistent pain with out-patient addiction treatment outcomes and
service utilization.
Source
Addiction. 103(12)(pp 1996-2005), 2008. Date of Publication: December 2008.
Publisher
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Abstract
Aims: To estimate the prevalence of persistent pain among veterans in out-patient addiction
treatment and examine associated addiction treatment outcomes and medical and psychiatric
service use. Design, setting and participants: Analysis of data from a prospective randomized
controlled trial comparing on-site versus referral primary care of veterans with substance
dependence (n = 582), excluding opioid dependence who had at least one follow-up interview
during the 12-month study period in a Veterans Affairs (VA) out-patient addiction treatment
center. Measurements: Pain status was classified as persistent (pain was rated moderate to
very severe at all time-points), low (pain was rated none to mild at all time-points) or
intermittent (all others). Main outcome measures were addiction treatment retention, addiction
severity index (ASI) alcohol and drug composite scores, VA service utilization and treatment
costs. Findings: A total of 33.2% of veterans reported persistent pain and 47.3% reported
intermittent pain. All groups benefited from addiction treatment, but veterans with persistent
pain were in treatment for an estimated 35.1 fewer days [95% confidence interval (CI) = -64.1,
-6.1, P = 0.018], less likely to be abstinent from alcohol or drugs at 12 months [odds ratio
(OR) adj = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.30,0.89; P = 0.018], had worse ASI alcohol composite scores at
12 months (betaadj = 0.09; 95% CI = 0.02,0.15; P = 0.007), were more likely to be medically
hospitalized (ORadj = 2.70; 95% CI = 1.02,7.13; P = 0.046) and had higher total service costs
compared to those with low pain ($17 766 versus $13 261, P = 0.012). Conclusions:
Persistent pain is common among veterans in out-patient addiction treatment and is
associated with poorer rates of abstinence, worse alcohol use severity and greater service
utilization and costs than those with low pain. copyright 2008 The Authors.
ISSN 0965-2140
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Addiction
Volume 103
Issue Part 12
Page 1996-2005
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication December 2008
TREATMENT 2008 <256>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008438780
Authors Yang C.H. Lee B.H. Sohn S.H.
Institution
(Yang) Department of Physiology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 706-828, South
Korea.
(Lee, Sohn) Department of Acupuncture, Moxibution and Acupointology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu
Haany University, Daegu, 706-828, South Korea.
(Yang) Department of Physiology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 165 Sang-Dong,
Suseong-Gu, Daegu, 706-828, South Korea.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
A possible mechanism underlying the effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment
of drug addiction.
Source
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 5(3)(pp 257-266), 2008. Date of
Publication: September 2008.
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Abstract
Clinical trials are currently underway to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture in the
treatment of drug addiction. While there are still many unanswered questions about the basic
mechanisms of acupuncture, some evidence exists to suggest that acupuncture can play an
important role in reducing reinforcing effects of abused drugs. The purpose of this article is to
critically review these data. The neurochemical and behavioral evidence showed that
acupuncture's role in suppressing the reinforcing effects of abused drugs takes place by
modulating mesolimbic dopamine neurons. Also, several brain neurotransmitter systems such
as serotonin, opioid and amino acids including GABA have been implicated in the modulation
of dopamine release by acupuncture. These results provided clear evidence for the biological
effects of acupuncture that ultimately may help us to understand how acupuncture can be
used to treat abused drugs. Additional research using animal models is of primary importance
to understanding the basic mechanism underlying acupuncture's effectiveness in the
treatment of drug addiction. copyright The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University
Press. All rights reserved.
ISSN 1741-427X
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Volume 5
Issue Part 3
Page 257-266
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication September 2008
TREATMENT 2008 <278>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008441698
Authors Babor T.F.
Institution
(Babor) Department of Community Medicine and Health Care, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263
Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-6325, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Treatment for persons with substance use disorders: Mediators, moderators, and the
need for a new research approach.
Source
International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research. 17(SUPPL. 1)(pp S45-S49),
2008. Date of Publication: 2008.
Publisher
John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Abstract
This article describes two major studies (i.e. Project MATCH and the US Department of
Veterans Affair Effectiveness Study) of mediators and moderators of drinking behavior
change following treatment, and considers alternatives to the dominant paradigm that has
guided treatment research for more than two decades. Both studies were designed to test the
"Technology Model" of therapeutic change, which postulates that patient attributes and
treatment process elements, respectively, constitute mediators and moderators of change in
drinking and drug use following treatment. The studies show that matching to therapeutic
orientation is not an essential ingredient to substantially enhanced outcomes, as previously
believed. They also indicate that the mediational mechanisms underlying several of the most
popular therapies are different than what is suggested by their proponents. The inability of the
Technology Model to explain, much less improve, the effectiveness of addiction treatment
suggests the need for a new paradigm. It may be more fruitful to look for matching in larger
populations at the level of communities or treatment systems, where a wider range of settings
and therapeutic interventions can be evaluated. Copyright copyright 2008 John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.
ISSN 1049-8931
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research
Volume 17
Issue Part SUPPL. 1
Page S45-S49
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication 2008
TREATMENT 2008 <290>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008422567
Authors Xafenias A. Diakogiannis I. Iacovides A. Fokas K. Kaprinis G.
Institution
(Xafenias) Second Psychiatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
(Diakogiannis, Iacovides, Kaprinis) Third Psychiatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki,
Greece.
(Fokas) First Psychiatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
(Xafenias) 1 Nikotsara St, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Factors affecting hospital length of stay: Is substance use disorder one of them? A
study in a Greek public psychiatric hospital.
Source
American Journal on Addictions. 17(5)(pp 447-451), 2008. Date of Publication: September
2008.
Publisher
Informa Healthcare
Abstract
Comorbidity of psychiatric disorder and substance use disorder (SUD) is very common.
Clinical experience says that comorbidity increases inpatient length of stay. We aimed to
discover which factors affect length of stay for inpatients at a psychiatric department in a
specialized mental hospital in a Greek urban area, and specifically whether SUD is one of
them. All patients admitted over a 12-month period were given the CAGE questionnaire and
that part of the EUROPASI questionnaire dealing with substance use. This was followed by a
diagnostic interview to establish the final diagnosis in accordance with the DSM-IV criteria.
Following this, the patients' characteristics in conjunction with their average length of stay
were all evaluated statistically. A total of 313 patients were assessed. Present substance use
disorder was identified in 102 individuals (32.6%). The principal substances involved in
addiction or abuse were alcohol, cannabis, benzodiazepines, and opiates. Patients differed as
to their cooperation with the medication regime. On the other hand, there was no statistical
difference regarding the number of hospitalisations. Psychopathology was not found to play a
direct role, as no one diagnosis correlated with length of stay. The factors found to affect
length of stay in this psychiatric department were the length of time they had been mentally ill
and cooperation in taking medication. It appears that SUD is not one of the factors affecting
length of stay. Copyright copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.
ISSN 1055-0496
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name American Journal on Addictions
Volume 17
Issue Part 5
Page 447-451
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication September 2008
TREATMENT 2008 <315>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008425794
Authors Sacks J.Y. McKendrick K. Hamilton Z. Cleland C.M. Pearson F.S. Banks S.
Institution
(Sacks) Center for the Integration of Research and Practice (CIRP), National Development and Research Institute,
Inc. (NDRI), 71 West 23rd Street, New York, NY 10010, United States.
(McKendrick, Hamilton, Cleland, Pearson) Center for the Integration of Research and Practice (CIRP), New York,
NY, United States.
(Banks) University of Massachusetts Medical School, Amherst, MA, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Treatment outcomes for female offenders: Relationship to number of axis I
diagnoses.
Source
Behavioral Sciences and the Law. 26(4)(pp 413-434), 2008. Date of Publication: 2008.
Publisher
John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Abstract
This article describes a study that examined the relationship between multiple Axis I mental
health diagnoses and treatment outcomes for female offenders in prison substance abuse
treatment programs. Preliminary findings of the effectiveness of therapeutic community (TC)
treatment, modified for female offenders, relative to a control cognitive behavioral treatment
condition, are presented. The hypothesis - that participants who fit into multiple diagnostic
categories have more dysfunctional symptoms and behaviors at baseline - was confirmed;
however, a hypothesized relationship between the number of Axis I diagnoses and 6 month
treatment outcomes across five domains (mental health, trauma exposure, substance use,
HIV needle risk behaviors, and HIV sexual risk) was not supported. Across all Axis I mental
health groups, TC treatment was significantly more effective than the control condition overall,
as well as on measures of mental health symptoms and HIV sexual risk. These findings
suggest that this TC treatment program, as modified, is an effective model for women with
varied diagnoses and diagnostic complexities. Copyright copyright 2008 John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.
ISSN 0735-3936
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Behavioral Sciences and the Law
Volume 26
Issue Part 4
Page 413-434
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication 2008
TREATMENT 2008 <356>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008332861
Authors Sanchez Z.v.d.M. Nappo S.A.
Institution
(Sanchez, Nappo) Federal University of Sao Paulo, Psychobiology Department, Brazilian Center of Information of
Psychotropic Drugs (CEBRID), Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Religious treatments for drug addiction: An exploratory study in Brazil.
Source
Social Science and Medicine. 67(4)(pp 638-646), 2008. Date of Publication: August 2008.
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Abstract
The main objective of the present work is to understand the processes used in emerging
Catholic and Protestant religious interventions for recovery from drug dependence, from the
vantage point of individuals subjected to them. A qualitative method and an intentional sample
selected by criteria were adopted for this investigation, which was conducted in Sao Paulo,
Brazil. An in-depth semi-structured interview was conducted with 57 predominantly male
former drug users who fit the criteria: they had been submitted to non-medical religious
treatments to treat dependence and were abstinent for at least 6 months. Crisis was found to
be the main reason leading interviewees to seek treatment; this includes, losing family, losing
employment, and experiencing severe humiliation. Evangelicals most used religious
resources exclusively as treatment, showing strong aversion to the role of doctors and to any
type of pharmacological treatment. A common feature of Catholic and Protestant groups is
the importance ascribed to praying and talking to God, described by subjects as strongly
anxiolytic, and a means to control drug craving. Confession and forgiveness, through faith
conversion or penitences, respectively, appeal strongly to the restructuring of life and
increase of self-esteem. Religious interventions were considered effective by the individuals
who underwent them and were seen as attractive for the humane, respectful treatment they
delivered. The key aspects of this type of treatment are social support provided by the
receiving group, equal treatment, and instant, judgment-free acceptance. The success of
these actions, then, is not only due to some "supernatural" aspect, as might be assumed, but
also more to the unconditional dedication of human beings to their peers. Given the difficulty
in treating drug dependence, religious interventions could be used as a complementary
treatment for conventional therapies. copyright 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
ISSN 0277-9536
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Social Science and Medicine
Volume 67
Issue Part 4
Page 638-646
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication August 2008
TREATMENT 2008 <368>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008328963
Authors Lieberman D.Z. Massey S.H.
Institution
(Lieberman, Massey) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, George Washington University, School of
Medicine, Washington, DC, United States.
(Lieberman) 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20037, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Pathways to change: The effect of a web application on treatment interest.
Source
American Journal on Addictions. 17(4)(pp 265-270), 2008. Date of Publication: July 2008.
Publisher
Informa Healthcare
Abstract
Most individuals with drinking problems do not receive treatment, generally because they do
not perceive the need for it. It is difficult to access this population of problem drinkers in order
to encourage treatment-seeking. A Web-based program was written, designed to increase
motivation for change. The program guided non-treatment-seekers through a multi-stage
assessment and provided them with feedback. The level of interest in treatment was
measured pre-and post-intervention. Compared to baseline, after the intervention,
significantly more individuals rated themselves "very interested" in participating in some form
of traditional treatment (19% vs. 28%), and their focus on a specific modality increased.
Copyright copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.
ISSN 1055-0496
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name American Journal on Addictions
Volume 17
Issue Part 4
Page 265-270
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication July 2008
TREATMENT 2008 <373>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008382974
Authors Gorelick D.A.
Institution
(Gorelick) Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 5500
Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Pharmacokinetic approaches to treatment of drug addiction.
Source
Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology. 1(2)(pp 277-290), 2008. Date of Publication: 2008.
Publisher
Expert Reviews Ltd.
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic approach to treatment targets the drug molecules themselves, aiming
to reduce their concentration at the site of action, thereby reducing or preventing any
pharmacodynamic effect. This approach might be useful in the treatment of acute drug
toxicity/overdose and in the long-term treatment of addiction. Early clinical trials with
anticocaine and antinicotine vaccines have shown reduced drug use and good tolerability.
Also showing promise in animal studies are monoclonal antibodies against cocaine,
methamphetamine and phencyclidine, as well as the enhancment of cocaine metabolism with
genetic variants of human butyrylcholinesterase, using a bacterial esterase or catalytic
monoclonal antibodies. Pharmacokinetic treatments offer potential advantages in terms of
patient compliance, absence of medication interactions and benefit for patients who cannot
take standard medications. copyright 2008 Future Drugs Ltd.
ISSN 1751-2433
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology
Volume 1
Issue Part 2
Page 277-290
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication 2008
TREATMENT 2008 <459>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008323122
Authors Kouimtsidis C. Edwards J. Wallis C. Drabble K.
Institution
(Kouimtsidis) Section of Addictive Behaviour, Division of Mental Health, St George's University of London, Cranmer
Terrace, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom.
(Edwards, Wallis) Clinical Team, Drug Interventions Programme, Hertfordshire Partnership Trust, United Kingdom.
(Drabble) North-West Herts Community Drug and Alcohol Team, Hertfordshire Partnership Trust, United Kingdom.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Drug interventions programme: Clinical profile of service users v. attendees of
standard services.
Source
Psychiatric Bulletin. 32(7)(pp 245-247), 2008. Date of Publication: Jul 2008.
Abstract
Aims and method: We conducted a retrospective survey of all cases referred to the Drug
Interventions Programme in Hertfordshire for the first 9 months in order to compare them with
those referred to one of the community drug and alcohol teams. Results: The Drugs
Interventions Programme had significantly more White British clients and clients who had
dropped out from previous treatment. Compared with community team clients, the
Programme had a higher percentage of clients with an opioid problem (92%), of whom a high
percentage also misused other Substances (78%) and injected drugs (30%, half of whom
shared needles). Clinical implications: More chaotic clients who had failed previous treatment
have entered treatment with the Drug Interventions Programme.
ISSN 0955-6036
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Psychiatric Bulletin
Volume 32
Issue Part 7
Page 245-247
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication Jul 2008
TREATMENT 2008 <474>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008309269
Authors Hesse M.
Institution
(Hesse) University of Aarhus, Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Kobmagergade 26E, 1150 Copenhagen C,
Denmark.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Temporary services for patients in need of chronic care.
Source
International Journal of Mental Health Systems. 2, 2008. Article Number: 6. Date of
Publication: 09 Jun 2008.
Abstract
Background: A project is a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a product or service.
Projects are frequently used for the testing and development of new approaches in social
work. Projects can receive grants from central, often national or international institutions, and
allow for more experimentation than work placed within existing institutions. Discussion: For
socially marginalized groups who need continuing support and care, receiving help in a
project means that the clients will have to be transferred to other services when the project
ends. There is also a risk that clients will experience a decline in services, as staff members
have to seek new employment towards the end of the project, or begin to focus more on the
evaluation than the services. This raises some ethical issues concerning the use of human
subjects in projects. Conclusion: Project managers should consider ethical issues relating to
continuity of services when serving vulnerable patients with a need for continuing care.
copyright 2008 Hesse; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name International Journal of Mental Health Systems
Volume 2
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication 09 Jun 2008
TEACHING AND TRAINING 2008 <595>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008174867
Authors Gunderson E.W. Levin F.R. Owen P.
Institution
(Gunderson) Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY,
United States.
(Gunderson, Levin) Division on Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of
Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States.
(Gunderson, Levin) New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States.
(Owen) Hazelden Foundation, Center City, MN, United States.
(Gunderson) New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Impact of a brief training on medical resident screening for alcohol misuse and illicit
drug use.
Source
American Journal on Addictions. 17(2)(pp 149-154), 2008. Date of Publication: Mar 2008.
Abstract
Educational initiatives are needed to improve primary care substance use screening. This
study assesses the impact on 24 medical residents of a 2.5-day curriculum combining
experiential and manual-based training on screening for alcohol misuse and illicit drug use. A
retrospective chart review of new primary care outpatients demonstrated that nearly all were
asked about current alcohol use before and after curriculum participation. Adherence to
national screening guidelines on quantification of alcohol consumption modestly improved (p
< .05), as did inquiry about current illicit drug use (p < .05). Continued efforts are needed to
enhance educational initiatives for primary care physicians. Copyright copyright American
Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.
ISSN 1055-0496
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name American Journal on Addictions
Volume 17
Issue Part 2
Page 149-154
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication Mar 2008
TREATMENT (A) 2008 <740>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 18640914
Status MEDLINE
Authors O'Brien CP.
Authors Full Name O'Brien, Charles P.
Institution
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6178, USA.
[email protected]
Title
Review. Evidence-based treatments of addiction. [Review] [75 refs]
Source
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London - Series B: Biological Sciences.
363(1507):3277-86, 2008 Oct 12.
Journal Name
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London - Series B: Biological Sciences
Other ID
Source: NLM. PMC2607333
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
Both pharmacotherapy and behavioural treatment are required to relieve the symptoms of
addictive disorders. This paper reviews the evidence for the benefits of pharmacotherapy and
discusses mechanisms where possible. Animal models of addiction have led to some
medications that are effective in reducing symptoms and improving function but they do not
produce a cure. Addiction is a chronic disease that tends to recur when treatment is stopped;
thus, long-term treatment is recommended. [References: 75]
Publication Type Journal Article. Review.
Date of Publication 2008 Oct 12
Year of Publication 2008
Issue/Part 1507
Volume 363
Page 3277-86
TREATMENT 2008 <673>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008092321
Authors Blacker P.
Institution
(Blacker) College of Naturopathic Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Auricular acupuncture and substance misuse: A clinical audit.
Source
Journal of Chinese Medicine. (86)(pp 57-60), 2008. Date of Publication: Feb 2008.
Abstract
This article reports on a clinical audit of a substance misuse service in Kent (UK). The audit
assessed the efficacy of auricular acupuncture treatment of the symptoms commonly
associated with addiction, as well as measuring its benefits in the clinical management of
substance misuse. The results suggest that regular auricular acupuncture treatment has
significant benefits to offer clients of drug and alcohol rehabilitation services, and that it is a
safe and cost-effective treatment that is particularly effective in helping to retain clients in
treatment.
ISSN 0143-8042
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Journal of Chinese Medicine
Issue Part 86
Page 57-60
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication Feb 2008
TREATMENT 2008 <717>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008046347
Authors Sullivan M.A. Birkmayer F. Boyarsky B.K. Frances R.J. Fromson J.A. Galanter M. Levin F.R. Lewis C. Nace
E.P. Suchinsky R.T. Tamerin J.S. Tolliver B. Westermeyer J.
Institution
(Sullivan, Levin) Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York,
NY, United States.
(Birkmayer) Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
(Boyarsky) Committee for Physician Health, Albany, NY, United States.
(Frances, Galanter) Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United
States.
(Fromson) Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
(Lewis) Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.
(Nace) University of Texas, Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, United States.
(Tamerin) Department of Psychiatry, Cornell/Weil School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
(Tolliver) Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
(Westermeyer) Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Service, Minnesota VAMC, Minneapolis, MN, United
States.
(Westermeyer) Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
(Sullivan) Department of Psychiatry, NYSPI, Substance Use Research Center, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY
10032, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Uses of coercion in addiction treatment: Clinical aspects.
Source
American Journal on Addictions. 17(1)(pp 36-47), 2008. Date of Publication: Jan 2008.
Abstract
Coerced or involuntary treatment comprises an integral, often positive component of
treatment for addictive disorders. By the same token, coercion in health care raises numerous
ethical, clinical, legal, political, cultural, and philosophical issues. In order to apply coerced
care effectively, health care professionals should appreciate the indications, methods,
advantages, and liabilities associated with this important clinical modality. An expert panel,
consisting of the Addiction Committee of the Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry, listed
the issues to be considered by clinicians in considering coerced treatment. In undertaking this
task, they searched the literature using Pubmed from 1985 to 2005 using the following search
terms: addiction, alcohol, coercion, compulsory, involuntary, substance, and treatment. In
addition, they utilized relevant literature from published reports. In the treatment of addictions,
coercive techniques can be effective and may be warranted in some circumstances. Various
dimensions of coercive treatment are reviewed, including interventions to initiate treatment;
contingency contracting and urine testing in the context of psychotherapy; and
pharmacological methods of coercion such as disulfiram, naltrexone, and the use of a cocaine
vaccine. The philosophical, historical, and societal aspects of coerced treatment are
considered. Copyright copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.
ISSN 1055-0496
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name American Journal on Addictions
Volume 17
Issue Part 1
Page 36-47
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication Jan 2008
TREATMENT 2008 <271>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008577720
Authors Boisvert R.A. Martin L.M. Grosek M. Clarie A.J.
Institution
(Boisvert) Southwest Florida Addiction Services, Transitional Living Center, Fort Myers, FL, United States.
(Martin) Department of Occupational Therapy and Community Health, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU
Blvd. South, Fort Myers, FL 33965-6565, United States.
(Grosek, Clarie) Occupational Therapy Program, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Blvd. South, Fort
Myers, FL 33965-6565, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Effectiveness of a peer-support community in addiction recovery: Participation as
intervention.
Source
Occupational Therapy International. 15(4)(pp 205-220), 2008. Date of Publication: 2008.
Publisher
John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Abstract
The main purpose of the study was to determine whether a peer-suppport community
programme would reduce relapse rates among clients recovering from substance addictions
and homelessness and result in increased perceived community affiliation, supportive
behaviours, self-determination and quality of life. Mixed methods were utilized including semistructured interviews, participant observation and a pretest/post-test to evaluate changes on
the quality of life rating, the Medical Outcomes Study - Social Support Survey, and the
Volitional Questionnaire. Data from the prior year's permanent supportive housing programme
were used for comparison of relapse rates. Significant reduction of risk of relapse was found
in clients who participated in the programme. Significant differences were found on three
subscales of the Medical Outcomes Study - Social Support Survey. Improvement that did not
reach statistical significance was seen on the quality of life rating. Qualitative evidence
supported improvements in perceived community affiliation and supportive behaviours.
Evidence suggests that a peer-supported community programme focused on selfdetermination can have a significant positive impact on recovery from substance addictions
and homelessness. Limitations include a small sample size and lack of a randomized control
group. Copyright copyright 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ISSN 0966-7903
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Occupational Therapy International
Volume 15
Issue Part 4
Page 205-220
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication 2008