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glucose Electron Transport Chain (E.T.C.) (Oxidative Phosphorylation) Glycolysis ATP + Pyruvate + NADH Pyruvate Conversion CO2 + acetyl CoA + Citric Acid Cycle CO2 + ATP + Oxaloacetate + NADH + FADH2 NADH Glycolysis Start materials: 1 glucose (C6H12O6) 2 NAD+ 2 ADP Location: Cytoplasm; accomplished in 10 enzymatically-catalyzed steps Generates/produces: 2 pyruvate 2 NADH 2 ATP (come from substrate-level phosphorylation; 4 ATP are made in total, but 2 ATP are used/invested initially to start the process – thus, a net gain of only 2 ATP is counted) Pyruvate Conversion Start materials: 2 pyruvate 2 NAD+ Location: Matrix of mitochondrion; enzymatically-catalyzed in 3 steps Generates/produces: 2 acetyl CoA 2 NADH 2 CO2 Citric Acid (Kreb’s) Cycle Start materials: 2 acetyl CoA (join with 2 oxaloacetate) 6 NAD+ 2 FAD 2 ADP Location: Matrix of mitochondrion; accomplished in 8 enzymatically-catalyzed steps; completes one turn/rotation per acetyl CoA (with 2 acetyl CoA, two turns/rotations total are achieved Generates/produces: 4 CO2 6 NADH 2 FADH2 2 ATP (come from substrate-level phosphorylation 2 oxaloacetate E.T.C./Oxidative Phosphorylation Start materials: 10 NADH 2 FADH2 6 O2 28 ADP Location: Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM), matrix of mitochondrion, and intermembrane space of mitochondrion Generates/produces: 10 NAD+ 2 FAD 12 H2O (6 molecules of water are consumed during various steps of glycolysis and Kreb’s Cycle, resulting in a net gain of only 6 H2O) 28 ATP* * 2.5 ATP x 10 NADH = 25 ATP 1 NADH 1 + 1.5 ATP x 2 FADH2 = 3 ATP 1 FADH2 1 = 28 ATP Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Cyt C Q Complex IV Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III 4 H+ 4 H+ Mitochondrial Matrix 2 H+ Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Cyt C Q Complex IV 2e- Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III NADH NAD+ 4 H+ 4 H+ Mitochondrial Matrix 2 H+ Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. 4 H+ Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Cyt C Q Complex IV 2e- Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III 4 H+ Mitochondrial Matrix 2 H+ Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. 4 H+ Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Cyt C Q Complex IV Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III 4 H+ Mitochondrial Matrix 2 H+ Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. 4 H+ Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Q 2e- Cyt C Complex IV Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III 4 H+ Mitochondrial Matrix 2 H+ Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. 4 H+ Intermembrane space Complex I 4 H+ Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Cyt C Complex IV Q Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III Mitochondrial Matrix 2 H+ Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. 4 H+ Intermembrane space Complex I 4 H+ Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Q Cyt C Complex IV 2e- Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III 2H+ + ½ O2 Mitochondrial Matrix 2 H+ H2O Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. 4 H+ Intermembrane space Complex I 4 H+ Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) 2 H+ Cyt C Complex IV Q Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III H2O Mitochondrial Matrix ADP + Pi Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. 4 H+ Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) 2 H+ Cyt C Complex IV Q Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III H2O Mitochondrial Matrix ADP + Pi 4 H+ ATP Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. 2 H+ Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Cyt C Complex IV Q Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III H2O Mitochondrial Matrix ADP + Pi 4 H+ 4 H+ 2 ATP Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Cyt C Complex IV Q Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III H2O Mitochondrial Matrix ADP + Pi 2.5 ATP 4 H+ 4 H+ 2 H+ Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. Intermembrane space Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Complex I Cyt C Complex IV Q Complex II 2eFADH2 ATP Synth -ase Complex III FAD 4 H+ Mitochondrial Matrix 2 H+ Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. Intermembrane space Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Complex I Cyt C Complex IV Q Complex II FADH2 ATP Synth -ase Complex III FAD 4 H+ Mitochondrial Matrix 2 H+ Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Q 2e- Cyt C Complex IV Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III 4 H+ Mitochondrial Matrix 2 H+ Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Q 2e- Cyt C Complex IV Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III 4 H+ Mitochondrial Matrix 2 H+ Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. Intermembrane space Complex I 4 H+ Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Cyt C Complex IV Q Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III Mitochondrial Matrix 2 H+ Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. 4 H+ Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Q Cyt C Complex IV 2e- Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III 2H+ + ½ O2 Mitochondrial Matrix 2 H+ H2O Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. 4 H+ Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) 2 H+ Cyt C Complex IV Q Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III H2O Mitochondrial Matrix ADP + Pi Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. 2 H+ Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Cyt C Complex IV Q Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III H2O Mitochondrial Matrix ADP + Pi 4 H+ ATP Movement of electrons through the E.T.C. Intermembrane space Complex I Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) Cyt C Complex IV Q Complex II ATP Synth -ase Complex III H2O Mitochondrial Matrix ADP + Pi 4 H+ 1.5 ATP 2 H+
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