Download Environmental Health Emergency Preparedness Training

Environmental Health
Emergency Preparedness Training
Sponsored By:
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
and
Minnesota Department of Health
March 16, 2009
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Agenda
‰
‰
Welcome/Pre-test
Course Material
‰
‰
‰
‰
‰
Emergency Preparedness and Response
Fundamentals & Putting Principles into Practice
Disaster Strikes – Environmental Health Responds:
Stories from the Field
Classroom and Group Activities
Post-test and Evaluation Form
CEU Form
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Disaster Denial Paradigm
„
It isn’t going to happen.
„
If it happens, it will not be as bad
as they said it would be.
„
If it happens, and it is as bad as
they said, it will not happen to
me.
„
If it happens and it is as bad as
they said, and it happens to me,
then someone has planned for it
and is coming to help.
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Emergency Preparedness and Response Fundamentals
Lesson 1
Overview of Environmental Health Principles
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Objectives
„
Describe the basic principles of environmental health
„
Interpret the cause of disease model
„
Recognize your skills and tools as an EH professional
„
Distinguish between different types of disasters
„
Identify your role in responding to a disaster
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
EH professional activities
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
Performs inspections
Provides tools and education necessary to implement and
maintain standards
Conducts special studies
Samples air, water, soil and food
Reviews plans
Acts as an educator, public relations officer, and community
organizer
Plans programs
Acts as a consultant to civic groups, business, industry and
individuals
Enforces environmental and public health laws
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Principles of environmental health
„
„
„
Promote health and quality of life
Protect the public from health hazards
Protect the environment from contamination
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Epidemiological triangle –
model of disease causation
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
The chain of infection
Causative
Agent
Reservoir
Portal of
Exit
Susceptible
Host
Portal of
Entry
Mode of
Transmission
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Definitions
„
Agent
Entity that causes injury or disease
„
Environment
Conditions that are not part of the agent or host, but influence their
interaction
„
Host
Human or the organism that is susceptible to the agent
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Environmental health skills
„
Assessment
„
Management
„
Communication
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Environmental health skills
„
Assessment
‰
‰
‰
information gathering
data analysis
evaluation
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Environmental health skills
„
Assessment
‰
‰
‰
„
information gathering
data analysis
evaluation
Management
‰
‰
‰
problem solving
project management
reporting
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Environmental health skills
„
Assessment
‰
‰
‰
„
Management
‰
‰
‰
„
information gathering
data analysis
evaluation
problem solving
project management
reporting
Communication
‰
‰
‰
‰
education
risk communication
conflict resolution
marketing
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Environmental health tools
„
Plans
„
Equipment
„
Transportation
„
Communication systems
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Defining key terms
¾ Hazard is any phenomenon that has the
potential to cause damage to humans and their
environment
¾ Disaster overwhelms the affected community
and requires outside assistance
¾ Emergency is not a disaster in itself, but an
event requiring an immediate response
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Types of disasters
„
„
„
Speed of onset (sudden or slow)
Scale (minor, moderate or major)
Cause (natural or man-made)
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Flood
Tornado
Blizzard/
Ice storm
Water supply and wastewater
disposal
Damage to civil engineering structures
Broken mains
Damage to water sources
Power outages
Contamination (biological or chemical)
Transportation failures
Personnel shortages
System overload (due to population shifts)
Equipment, parts, and supply shortages
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
3
3
3
1
3
1
1
1
2
Solid waste handling
Damage to civil engineering structures
Transportation failures
Equipment shortages
Personnel shortages
Contamination/degradation of relief supplies
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
3
Food handling
Spoilage of refrigerated foods
Damage to food preparation facilities
Transportation failures
Power outages
Flooding of facilities
Contamination/degradation of relief supplies
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
3
1
1
3
3
Vector control
Proliferation of vector breeding sites
Increase in human/vector contacts
Disruption of vector-borne disease control programs
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
Home sanitation
Destruction or damage to structures
Contamination of water and food
Disruption of power, heating fuel, water supply or waste disposal services
Overcrowding
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
2
Effects of disasters
1-Severe possible effect
2-Less severe possible effect
3-Least or no possible effect
Chart modified by Twin Cities Metro Advance Practice Center
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Source: Pan American Health Organization (2002)
Role of EH professionals
„
Assess hazards
‰
„
Act to reduce hazards
‰
„
working with others to analyze
risk
using regulatory functions or
providing services
Assure public awareness
‰
using communication methods
and tools
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Working with other responders
„
„
Complementary roles
Everyone counts
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center
Summary
„
Environmental health promotes health and quality of life.
„
The EH professional must intervene to reduce health hazards.
„
EH professionals need to be competent in many areas including
assessment, management and communication.
„
To respond to emergency situations, EH professionals have
many tools at their disposal such as plans, special equipment,
transportation, and emergency communication systems.
„
The three major roles for EH professionals are to assess
hazards, act to reduce hazards, and assure public awareness.
Twin Cities Metro Advanced Practice Center