Download PW 11 - Standard Model

Particles and Waves
CfE Higher
PW 11 - Standard Model
1. Copy and complete thefollowing tables on orders of magnitudes:
a)
Distances
Electron diameter
Values (m)
10-15
Typical nucleus diameter
10-10
Human scale; measured without additional technology
1026
(3)
b)
Times
Time for photon to cross nucleus
Times we can measure without additional technology
Values (s)
1017
(1)
c)
Masses
Values (kg)
10-31
Proton/neutron mass
Typical human mass range
Most massive known star ( R136a1)
1050 ~1060
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2. Quarks are sub-atomic particles of which there are six types in three generations.
a) Name these six types of quarks, listing them in their 1st, 2nd or 3rd generations.
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b) What unusual properties do quarks have?
(1)
c) State the charge of the two 1st generation quarks.
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3. State the composition of quarks that make up:
a) (i) A proton
(ii) A neutron
b) What is an electron made up of?
(1)
(1)
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4. Every particle found has its own anti-matter particle.
a) Name an electron’s anti-matter particle.
(1)
b) How do these particles compare in mass and charge?
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5. The four fundamental forces of nature are called gravitational, electromagnetic,
strong nuclear and weak nuclear.
a) What is noticeable about the gravitational force when compared with the
the other three forces?
(1)
b) (i) Where is the electromagnetic force deemed important?
(1)
(ii) What is the typical separation between the nucleus and the electrons?
c) (i) Where does the strong nuclear force take place?
(1)
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(ii) What does this force do?
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(iii) What is the range of the strong nuclear force?
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d) (i) What is the weak nuclear force associated with?
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(ii) What is the range of the weak nuclear force?
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6. a) (i) Draw the electric field lines that would exist between a positively and a
negatively charged plate separated by distance, d.
(ii) Now draw the electric field lines to show a weaker electric field.
b) Draw the path an electron would take as it passes between the plates.
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(1)
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electron
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7. A proton enters an electric field between two charged plates at a high velocity.
Describe the path it would take and explain why.
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Proton
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Total Marks = 30
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