Download LECTURE ABSTRACT FORMAT AND STYLE General notes Single

LECTURE ABSTRACT FORMAT AND STYLE
General notes
 Single-space throughout. Do not justify text (use ragged right).
 Use Times Roman font, 12-point type.
 All abstracts must be in English, although the talks themselves may be in English
or Spanish.
 Aim for a length of 250-300 words.
 Never use “will be discussed” or “will be presented.” An abstract is a summary of
the talk itself, not a promise. Abstracts not conforming to this are unacceptable.
 All presentations cannot exceed 30 minutes, except the invited plenary talks
that will be limited to 50 minutes.
 Use the last comma in a series, e.g. apples, oranges, and pears.
 Follow the style below for author names and footnotes for multiple authors; an
asterisk immediately following a name indicates the speaker when there is more
than one author.
 Mail abstracts to [email protected] before 1 September 2016.
SAMPLE LECTURE ABSTRACTS
SCIENCE
Revealing patterns of orchid diversity across a Neotropical region
James D. Ackerman
Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, P.O. Box 23360, San Juan, PR 009313360, USA
Where do we find the greatest orchid diversity and endemism? Broad scale patterns may
target conservation efforts and lead to local studies on population connectiveness,
resilience, and viability. Herein I describe floristic patterns of West Indian orchids, reveal
patterns of species diversity and endemism, and suggest avenues for further study.
Parsimony methods were used to show affinities which suggested that for those orchid
species that occurred on more than one island or region, geographical proximity was less
important than ecological conditions. Distributional patterns were further investigated by
relating island area and maximum elevation with orchid species richness and endemism. I
expected strong species-area relationships but that they would differ between low and
montane island groups. Insofar as maximum island elevation is a surrogate for habitat
diversity, I anticipated a strong relationship with both species richness and endemism for
montane islands. Data from 49 islands involving 728 orchid species were used. Linear
and multivariate regression analyses were run to detect relationships between either area
or maximum island elevation and species richness or the number of island endemic
species. Area and elevation were good predictors of orchid species diversity and
endemism in the West Indies, but this was driven by the extraordinarily strong
relationships of large, montane islands. Species richness of low islands showed no
significant relationship with either variable. A small island effect was revealed, but the
montane islands had a significant relationship between species diversity and maximum
elevation. Thus, patterns of Caribbean orchid diversity are dependent on interplay
between area and topographic diversity. These patterns also reveal that there are two sets
of orchids: highly restricted endemics and a set of widespread species. Why do we have
this spectrum? Answers may have historical roots, evolutionary, geological, or ecological,
whereas others may be found in the peculiarities of pollinator and mycorrhizal
associations. Each global region has its own peculiarities that affect the distribution and
abundance of orchids. For many parts of the world, including the Andes, we need to
identify which factors may be most important within a region. Armed with these data, we
may focus on strategies that enhance population survivorship and evolutionary potential
in the richest group of flowering plants.
HORTICULTURE
The incredible miniature orchids from Colombia and their culture
Andrea Niessen
Gerente General, Orquideas del Valle SAS, Calle 10 Norte #9N-31, Cali, Colombia
Colombia is one of the countries with the highest biodiversity in the world. More than
3,500 orchid species have been described, and an estimated additional 1,500 have been
reported. Miniature orchids represent a great part of this orchid flora, and new species are
being discovered continuously. Orchid plants less than 15 cm in height are generally
considered miniature, and they can mostly be found in the rain and cloud forests of the
tropics where high humidity is always present.
Most of the miniature species in the American continent are in the Pleurothallidinae
subtribe with genera such Acostaea, Barbosella, Brachycladium, Dryadella, Lepanthes,
Lepanthopsis, Panmorphia, Porroglossum, Rubellia, Trichosalpinx, and Trisetella, which
are almost exclusively small in size. All Lepanthes are small plants, and some are minute;
close to 300 species of this genus have been described that are found only in Colombia.
In other genera of the Pleurothallidinae, miniatures are also present in great diversity,
particularly in Pleurothallis, Restrepia, and Masdevallia.
Subtribe Oncidiinae includes genera like Fernandezia, Macroclinium, Psygmorchis, and
Sigmatostalix, which are also almost exclusively miniatures of great beauty and
biological interest. Miniatures can also be found in other orchid groups such as
Maxillariinae.
The tremendous diversity, beauty, interesting biology, and morphology of miniature
orchids have encouraged many people to grow these plants and discover that they are
relatively easy to cultivate when given the right conditions. These plants flower very
often and take very little space, making them great for hobbyists. The study and
cultivation of these treasures of nature are increasing and allow for a better survival
chance of many miniature orchids that in nature are greatly endangered.
[Editor’s note: Some of these generic names are now considered synonyms.]
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
Evolution and conservation of endemic orchids of the Upper Pastaza Watershed of
eastern Ecuador
Lou Jost*1, Mark Whitten2, Kurt Neubig2,3, Lorena Endara2,3, and Andy Shephard
1
Via a Runtun, Baños, Tungurahua, Ecuador; 2Florida Museum of Natural History,
University of Florida, P. O. Box 117800, Gainesville, FL 32611-7800, USA;
3
Department of Botany, 220 Bartram Hall, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 326118526, USA
The Upper Pastaza Watershed in east-central Ecuador has more strictly endemic plant
species than the Galapagos, and about half of these are orchids. The most interesting of
these are the approximately 30 species of Teagueia (Pleurothallidinae) discovered over
the last eight years. DNA work shows that the evolutionary radiation that generated these
species is one of the fastest ever documented for plant species but far longer than some
speciation times that have occasionally been postulated for orchids. Mean speciation
times are on the order of 100,000-300,000 years, based on an ITS molecular clock. The
new species of Teagueia form a monophyletic group, and their radiation is
geographically organized, with one major radiation north of the Rio Pastaza and another
south of it. Recent advances in population genetics show that speciation in subdivided
populations is far easier than previously thought, and this may help explain the high
diversity of genera such as Teagueia and Lepanthes in the Andes. Upper Pastaza
Watershed Teagueia species and other endemic orchid species are not randomly
distributed but form distinctive distribution patterns. There are identifiable hotspots
where conservation measures can protect most of the endemic species in the area. The
EcoMinga Foundation has been formed to protect these areas and has now established
four reserves (including one in collaboration with the Ceiba Foundation) totaling 3600 ha
of mostly virgin forest. The largest reserve protects a mountain that supports 16
sympatric species of Teagueia.
POSTERS
Those interested in participating in the poster session for the 22nd World Orchid
Conference should complete the form below (in English or Spanish) and send it by email
to [email protected] before 1 January 2017.
FORMAT FOR POSTER ABSTRACTS:
Author(s): (First name(s), Last name(s); use * for author’s contact information and
numerical superscripts to indicate the address of each author.)
Address(es):
Email address of corresponding author:
Title:
Proposed session (Science, Horticulture or Conservation Biology):
Abstract: (Less than 250 words. If appropriate, include statement of the problem,
materials and methods, results, and conclusions. Never use “will be discussed” or
“will be presented.”)
FORMAT FOR POSTER PRESENTATION DURING THE CONFERENCE:
Poster dimensions: 80 × 100 cm (= 32” × 40”). This will be the space assigned for the
exhibition of the poster for the corresponding session).
Orientation of the poster: Vertical
Items that should be included on the poster: Title, authors, email address of the primary
author, affiliations, introduction, materials and methods, results, conclusions.
Tables and graphics: Should be legible from a distance.
Photographs: Should be high resolution.