Download Chapter 23 China Section 1 The Land

China
China
A) Landscapes
• World’s 4th largest country land
area wise.
• China is divided into 23 provinces,
5 autonomous regions, and 4
municipalities.
• Tall mountains, Vast deserts, fertile
plains, and mighty rivers exist in
China.
1) Mountains
• Rugged mountains cover 1/3 of
China.
• Himalayas is on southern border
of China.
• In the center of China’s
mountains holds the largest
plateau in the world.
• _______ __ _________ is called
the “Roof of the World” because
of its average height.
Mountains Con’t
• Eastern edge of the plateau is
home to pandas, golden
monkeys and other rare
animals.
2) Deserts
• Northwestern part of China is
the Taklimakan desert.
• Some of the world’s highest
temperatures are located in this
desert.
• Northeastern part of China is
the Gobi desert. (Made of rock
& gravel instead of sand)
Deserts Con’t
• 110 degrees during the day,
and can get to -30 degrees at
night.
• Why? It is very far north and at
a high altitude.
3) Plains & Highlands
• Plains cover the eastern part of
China.
• This area has fertile land & is
home to almost 90% of China’s
people.
• NE plain lies in the center of
Manchuria.
• East of the plain lies a heavily
forested, hilly area.
P & H Con’t
• To the south is the North China
Plain.
• SE part of China lies limestone
hills which many tourists come
to visit.
4) Rivers
• 3 major rivers in China.
• 1) Huang He- Very important
farming area by this river. It is
called the “yellow river”.
• 2) Yangtze- Important
transportation route and a source
of soil.
• 3) Xi- Floodwaters have
deposited rich soil to form flat
river basins.
B) The Climate
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Many different climate regions in China.
Location, elevation, & wind currents affect the type of climate found in the country.
SE China has a humid subtropical climate.
NE China has a humid continental climate.
Northern part of China has desert & steppe climate.
SW China has a highland climate.
Monsoons greatly affect China’s climates.
Typhoons are tropical storms with strong winds and heavy rains.
• Many different climate regions
in China.
• Location, elevation, & wind
currents affect the type of
climate found in the country.
• SE China has a humid
subtropical climate.
• NE China has a humid
continental climate.
Con’t
• Northern part of China has desert
& steppe climate.
• SW China has a highland climate.
• Monsoons greatly affect China’s
climates.
• Typhoons are tropical storms with
strong winds and heavy rains.
Panda Bear at Recess!
Economy (#1 in the world)
• A communist state- Gov’t has strong control
over the economy and society.
• Gov’t decides what crops will grow, how
much and so on.
• China has changed to more of a free
enterprise system.
• Exports: #1 in world (U.S.) Imports: #3
(Hong Kong, U.S.) *Big on Industries and
services
• World leader in producing rice, tea, wheat,
and potatoes.
China’s people
• Most populated country in
the world.
• 1.4 billion people (20% of
world’s population)
• Main ethnic group- Han
Chinese (92%)
• 46% live in rural areas
China’s people continued
• Main languages- Standard Chinese or
Mandarin (others: Yue, Wu, Minbei,
Minnan, Xiang, Gan)
• Main Religions: Daoist, Buddhist
• Birth rate: Is only ranked 163rd in the world!
• Life expectancy: 75.15 years (#96)
• Literacy rate- 95% (Male-98% Female93%)
Asia map
• Asia map is due tomorrow!
History Con’t
• U.K. and other countries used military
power to force China to trade.
• Goods they wanted: silk, tea, pottery.
• 1911- Dr. Sun Yat-sen overthrew the last
emperor and China became a republic.
• Did not work well and the Nationalist Party
took over.
• After WW2 the Communists and
Nationalists fought for control of China.
• 1949- Communists won and set up the
People’s Republic of China.
China’s Gov’t
• After 1949 Communists totally changed
the mainland of China.
• All land & factories were taken over by the
government.
• 1976- New Communist leader took over
and made China a more open country.
• 1989- Chinese people held a rally calling
for democracy. China’s gov’t sent tanks
and troops and killed thousands of people.
• Countries don’t like how China runs its
country and treats its people.
Gov’t continued
• Gov’t- Communist State
• Independence- October 1st 1949 (People’s
Republic of China)
• Newly elected president- (March 2013) Xi
Jinping *5 year term with chance at reelection.
• Head of gov’t- Is called the premier.
Premier is nominated by the president.
Current premier is Li Keqiang.