Download DUAL ACTIVE BRIDGE-BASED BATTERY CHARGER FOR PLUG

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DUAL ACTIVE BRIDGE-BASED BATTERY CHARGER FOR PLUG-IN HYBRID
ELECTRIC VEHICLE WITH CHARGING CURRENT CONTAINING LOW
FREQUENCY RIPPLE
By
A
PROJECT REPORT
Submitted to the Department of electronics & communication Engineering in the
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree
Of
MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
APRIL 2016
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CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project report titled “DUAL ACTIVE BRIDGE-BASED BATTERY
CHARGER FOR PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE WITH CHARGING
CURRENT CONTAINING LOW FREQUENCY RIPPLE” is the bonafide work of Mr.
_____________Who carried out the research under my supervision Certified further, that to the
best of my knowledge the work reported herein does not form part of any other project report or
dissertation on the basis of which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion on this
or any other candidate.
Signature of the Guide
Signature of the H.O.D
Name
Name
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DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project work entitled “DUAL ACTIVE BRIDGE-BASED BATTERY
CHARGER FOR PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE WITH CHARGING
CURRENT
CONTAINING
LOW
FREQUENCY
RIPPLE”
Submitted
to
BHARATHIDASAN UNIVERSITY in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the
Degree of MASTER OF APPLIED ELECTRONICS is a record of original work done by me the
guidance of Prof.A.Vinayagam M.Sc., M.Phil., M.E., to the best of my knowledge, the work
reported here is not a part of any other thesis or work on the basis of which a degree or award
was conferred on an earlier occasion to me or any other candidate.
(Student Name)
(Reg.No)
Place:
Date:
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am extremely glad to present my project “DUAL ACTIVE BRIDGE-BASED BATTERY
CHARGER FOR PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE WITH CHARGING
CURRENT CONTAINING LOW FREQUENCY RIPPLE” which is a part of my curriculum
of third semester Master of Science in Computer science. I take this opportunity to express my
sincere gratitude to those who helped me in bringing out this project work.
I would like to express my Director, Dr. K. ANANDAN, M.A.(Eco.), M.Ed., M.Phil.,(Edn.),
PGDCA., CGT., M.A.(Psy.) of who had given me an opportunity to undertake this project.
I am highly indebted to Co-Ordinator Prof. Muniappan Department of Physics and thank from
my deep heart for her valuable comments I received through my project.
I
wish
to
express
my
deep
sense
of
gratitude
to
my
guide
Prof. A.Vinayagam M.Sc., M.Phil., M.E., for her immense help and encouragement for
successful completion of this project.
I also express my sincere thanks to the all the staff members of Computer science for their kind
advice.
And last, but not the least, I express my deep gratitude to my parents and friends for their
encouragement and support throughout the project.
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ABSTRACT:
Manufacturers want high power density for the onboard battery chargers of plug-in
hybrid electric vehicles. Wide bandgap devices can be used to shrink other passive components
by increasing the switching frequency, but the bulk dc link capacitor of the ac–dc power factor
correction stage, becomes one of the major barriers to higher power density, because its volume
depends on the ripple power at the double line frequency in a dc current charging system.
However, if this double line frequency ripple flows into the battery, the dc link capacitance can
be significantly reduced. This charging scheme, named as sinusoidal charging in this paper, is
analyzed and implemented based on a two-stage battery charging system, which is comprised of
one full bridge ac–dc stage and one dual active bridge dc–dc stage.We further find that converter
loss causes ripple power imbalance and bigger dc link capacitance. Therefore, the impact of
converter loss on the ripple power balance is analyzed, and a feedback control on the dc link
voltage ripple is proposed based on this analysis in order to further reduce the dc link
capacitance. The effectiveness of the proposed solutions is verified in both Si-based and GaNbased charging systems.
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INTRODUCTION:
The batteries of PHEVs are charged by connecting a plug to the wall socket if the battery
charger is on-board. As such, achieving high efficiency and a small size for the battery charger is
very important, as these factors will help to improve overall performance of the PHEV.
Wide band-gap power switches, such as Gallium Nitride (GaN) and Silicon Carbide
(SiC), outperform silicon counterparts in terms of switching speed and on-resistance, and
therefore can improve the power density of various converters by shrinking the size of passive
components.
Researchers have made large efforts to reduce the dc link capacitance in order to avoid
using an electrolytic capacitor for a longer lifetime, while meanwhile keeping a high power
density in different single-phase ac–dc energy conversion applications. In LED driver
applications, the overall ripple energy at double line frequency can be reduced by moderately
distorting the ac input current, while the resultant power factor can still fulfill the standard
requirement .
Inductive storage can be used to replace the low-lifetime capacitor, but in actuality will
reduce the overall power density due to its lower energy density as compared to capacitive
storage (i.e., capacitors) Given the same ripple energy, capacitance is reduced by enlarging the
capacitor voltage ripple.
This concept can be implemented directly to the dc link capacitor, as shown in a gridinterface bidirectional converter, which increases device voltage stress. Alternatively, it can be
implemented in the auxiliary capacitors, with increased realization complexity.
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Specifically for battery chargers, if the battery pack can take the low frequency charging
current ripple, the dc link capacitance will be significantly reduced because the capacitors only
need to filter the current ripple at the switching frequency. and compare battery capacity under
dc charging and pulse charging with similar current waveform that this paper will use,
and the difference is minor: 0.55% and −1.4%, respectively. shows an around 2°C temperature
rise due to increased RMS value.
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EXISTING SYSTEM:
This dc–dc full-bridge converter uses resonant techniques in which resonant elements
such as capacitors and inductors are used to shape the current through a converter switch so that
it can fall to zero to allow the switch to turn off with ZCS. The resonant elements, however, are
large and bulky, which makes their use impractical for many applications, and the converter is
operated with variable frequency control, which makes the design of the converter more difficult
and also increases the size of the converter as it must operate with low switching frequencies at
lighter loads
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PROPOSED SYSTEM:
This paper synthesizes the idea of this sinusoidal charging scheme and gives in-depth
analysis of ripple power balance and control realization. In addition, this paper also analyzes the
converter loss impact on the increase of DC link voltage ripple under ideal sinusoidal charging.
This DC link voltage ripple can be suppressed by a direct control path on the voltage ripple.
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ADVANTAGES:

Good performance and simplicity.
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BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Single
phase AC
supply
Control
Rectifier
Filter
Single
phase
inverter
High
frequency
transformer
Control
rectifier
and filter
Load
Gate driver circuit
BUFFER circuit
5 V DC
12 V DC
PIC controller
circuit
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TOOLS AND SOFTWARE USED:

MPLAB – microcontroller programming.

ORCAD – circuit layout.

MATLAB/Simulink – Simulation
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APPLICATIONS:

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs).
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CONCLUSION:
In a PHEV battery charger, the dc link capacitor occupies a large portion of the total
volume, even if other passive components can be significantly shrunk by using wide band gap
semiconductor devices at high frequency, mainly because the required capacitance is largely
determined by ripple power at two times the line frequency. In this paper, sinusoidal charging
scheme was proposed to reduce the dc link capacitance by balancing the ripple power from input
and output. However, pure sinusoidal charging control cannot eliminate the dc link voltage
ripple. It was found that the converter loss with sinusoidal charging has a dc component and also
a second-order harmonic component, whose difference results in ripple energy in the dc link
capacitors.
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REFERENCES:
M. Kasper, D. Bortis, and J. W. Kolar, “Classification and comparative evaluation of PV panelintegrated DC-DC converter concepts,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 2511–
2526, May 2014.
[2] M. Rodriguez, M. Roberg, A. Zai, E. Alarcon, Z. Popovic, and D. Maksimovic, “Resonant
pulse-shaping power supply for radar transmitters,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 29, no. 2,
pp. 707–718, Feb. 2014.
[3] Z. Xuan, Y. Chengcheng, L. Cong, F. Lixing, G. Feng, and W. Jin, “A wide bandgap devicebased isolated quasi-switched-capacitor DC/DC converter,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol.
29, no. 5, pp. 2500–2510, May 2014.
[4] R. Mitova, R. Ghosh, U. Mhaskar, D. Klikic, W. Miao-Xin, and A. Dentella, “Investigations
of 600-V GaN HEMT and GaN diode for power converter applications,” IEEE Trans. Power
Electron., vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 2441–2452, May 2014.
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