Download Chapter 5 Section 2:

Chapter 5 Section 2:
Gymnosperms
1. Define Gymnosperm – A seed plant that produces naked seeds, not enclosed by a fruit
2. Describe three facts about gymnosperms
- Not enclosed by a fruit
- Needle-like or scale-like leaves
- Deep growing root systems
- Oldest seed plant
3. Describe the four major types of gymnosperms
- Cycads – grown in tropical/subtropical climates, cone can grow as large as a football
- Conifers – largest and most diverse, keep leaves or needles year-round
- Ginkgoes – one species exists, ginkgo biloba
- Gnetophytes – live in hot deserts and rain forests: trees, shrubs, and vines
4. What are cones?
Reproductive structure that are covered with scales
5. What is an Ovule?
Female gametophyte – contains an egg cell
6. Describe Pollination
Transfer of pollen from male to female
7. Describe Fertilization
After pollination, ovule and seed closes. Sperm and egg join causing egg to develop into an embryo
8. Describe Seed Development
Female cones stay on tree while seeds develop. When it develops, scales open and seeds come out.
Male cones fall off tree when pollen is shed.
9. Describe Seed Dispersal
Female scales open, wind shakes seeds off and disperse them.
10. How are gymnosperms used in everyday life?
Paper products lumber, rayon fibers in clothes, cellophane wrappers, turpentine, resin