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Unit III Biology in Human Welfare ekuo dY;k.k esa tho foKku Objective type questions with multiple choices. Each question carries one mark. 1. Choose the infectious disease which is fatal a. Common cold b. AIDS c. Pneumonia d. None of these Ans. (b) AIDS 1- fuEufyf[kr esa ml laØked dks pqusa tks ?kkrd gSa & a. lkekU; tqdke b. ,M~l c. U;weksfu;k d. Buesa ls dksbZ ugha 2. Disease causing organisms are called a. Pathogens b. Parasites c. Bacteria d. Virus Ans. (a) Pathogens 2- jksx mRiUu djus okys tho D;k dgykrs gSa \ a. jksxtud ¼iSFkkstu½ b. ijthoh ¼iSjklkbV½ c. thok.kq d. fo"kk.kq 3. Which one of the organisms are not cause disease in man a. Bacteria b. Viruses c. Fungi d. Amphibian Ans. (d) Amphibian 3- buesa ls dkSu lk tho ekuoksa esa jksx mRiUu ugha djrk gS & a. thok.kq b. fo"kk.kq c. dod d. ,EQhfc;k 4. Typhoid fever is confirmed by 1 a. ELISA test b. WIDAL Test c. Radiation d. None of the above Ans. (b) WIDAL Test 4- Vk;QkW;M Toj dh iqf"V fdl ijh{k.k }kjk gksrh gS \ a. ,yhtk ijh{k.k b. foMky ijh{k.k c. jsfM,’ku d. buesa ls dksbZ ugha 5. Which disease is caused by bacteria a. Pneumonia b. Cancer c. Malaria d. Common cold Ans. (a) Pneumonia 5- fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu lk jksx thok.kq }kjk gksrk gSA a. U;weksfu;k b. dSalj c. eysfj;k d. lkekU; tqdke 6. Which disease is caused by virus a. Pneumonia b. Cancer c. Malaria d. Common cold Ans. (d) Common cold 6- fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu lk jksx fo"kk.kq }kjk gksrk gS \ a. U;weksfu;k b. dSalj c. eysfj;k d. lkekU; tqdke 7. Malaria is caused by a. Porifera b. Protozoa c. Helminthes d. Fungi Ans. (b) Protozoa 7- buesa ls eysfj;k fdlls gksrk gS \ a. ikWjhQsjk b. izkV s kstksvk 2 c. d. 8. gsyfeaFkl QatkbZ Amoebiasis (amoebic dysentery) is caused by a. Entamoebahistolytica b. Plasmodium vivax c. Salmonella typhi d. Streptococcus pneumonia Ans. (a) Entamoebahistolytica 8- vehcrk ¼vehch vfrlkj½ fdlls gksrk gS & a. ,aV as vehck fgLVksfyfVdk b. IykTeksfM;e okboSDl s k VkbQh c. Lkbeksuy d. LVªIs Vksdksdl U;weksuh 9. Ascaris is commonly called as a. Filarial worm b. Round worm c. Ribbon worm d. None of these Ans. (b) Round worm 9- lk/kkj.kr% ,sLdsfjl dks D;k dgrsa gSa \ a. Qkbysfj;k d`fe b. xksy d`fe c. Qhrk d`fe d. buesa ls dksbZ ugha 10. Wuchereria is commonly called as a. Filarial worm b. Round worm c. Ribbon worm d. Ring worm Ans. (b) Filarial worm 10- lk/kkj.kr% oqpsjfs j;k dks D;k dgrs gSa \ a. Qkbysfj;k d`fe b. xksy d`fe c. Qhrk d`fe d. buesa ls dksbZ ugha 11. Ringworms is caused by a. Porifera b. Protozoa c. Helminthes d. Fungi 3 Ans. (d) Fungi 11- fuEufyf[kr esa nkn fdlls gksrk gS \ a. ikWjhQsjk b. izkV s kstksvk c. gsyfeaFkl d. dod 12. Filariasis is caused by a. Ascarieslumbricoids b. Wuchereiabancroftii c. Leishmaniadonovani d. Both a & b Ans (b)Wuchereiabancroftii 12- Qkbysfj,fll jksx fdlls gksrk gS \ a. ,sLdsfjl yqEcfjdkW;M~l b. oqpjsfj;k cSØ a ks¶VkbZ c. ysLekfu;k Mksukokuh d. nksuks (a) vkSj (b) 13. Bird flu is a disease of a. Cattle b. Bird c. Both d. None Ans. (b) Bird 13- ^cMZ ¶yw^ jksx buesa ls fdlesa gksrk gS \ a. eos'kh b. i{kh c. nksuks d. buesa ls dksbZ ugha 14. Which one is a primary lymphoid organ a. Bone marrows b. Thymus c. Both a & b d. None Ans. (a) Bone marrows 14- fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu izkFkfed yfldke vax gS \ a. vfLFk eTtk ¼cksu eSjks½ b. Fkkbel c. nksuksa (a) vkSj (b) d. buesa ls dksbZ ugha 4 15. Amoebiasis (amoebic dysentery) is caused by a. Porifera b. Protozoa c. Helminthes d. Fungi Ans. (b) Protozoa 15- vehch vfrlkj fdlls gksrk gS \ a. ikWjhQsjk b. izkV s kstksvk c. gsyfeaFkl d. QatkbZ Questions of two marks each izR;sd iz’u ds fy;s 02 vad fu/kkZfjr gSA 16. Expand the following abbreviations (i)MALT (ii) HIV (iii)STD (iv) MTP Ans. MALT = mucosa associated lymphoid tissue HIV= Human Immuno deficiency Virus STD = Sexually transmitted diseases MTP = Medical termination of pregnancy 16- fuEufyf[kr ladsrksa dks foLr`r djsAa (i) ,e , ,y Vh (ii) ,p vkbZ oh (iii) ,l Vh Mh (iv) ,e Vh ih Fill in the banks with choosing correct answer from the bracket dks"Bd esa fn;s x;s 'kCnksa esa ls lgh mÙkj pqu dj fjDr LFkkuksa dks HkjsaA 17. Disease can be broadly grouped into _________ and ___________. (infectious/contagious/non-infectious) Ans.infectious, non-infectious 17- jksxksa dks eksVs rkSj ij ---------------------------------------------- vkSj lewgksa esa ck¡Vk tk ldrk gSA ¼laØked@lEidZ ls@vlaØked½ 18. Disease which can be easily transmitted from one person to another, are called _______. (infectious disease/ non-infectious) Ans.infectious, non-infectious 18- tks jksx ,d O;fDr ls nwljs esa vkluh ls lapkfjr gks ldrs gS]a mUgsa ------------------------------------------dgrs gSAa ¼laØked jksx@vlaØked jksx½ 5 19. __________ is a pathogenic bacterium which causes __________ fever in human beings. (Salmonella typhi/ typhoid, Plasmodium vivax/malaria) Ans.Salmonella typhi/ typhoid 19- -------------------------------- ,d jkstud thok.kq gS ftlesa ekuo esa -------------------------------- Toj gksrk gSAa ¼lkYeksuy s k VkbQh@Vk;QkWbM] IykTeksfM;e okboSDl@eysfj;k½ 20. The ability of the host to fight the disease-causing organisms, conferred by the immune system is called ___________. (barriers/immunity) Ans. Immunity 20- ijiks"kh dh jksxdkjd thoksa ls yM+us dh {kerk ------------------------------------- dgykrh gSA ¼jks/k@izfrj{kk½ 21. Innate immunity is________ and acquired immunity is _________.(pathogen specific/ non-specific) Ans. non-specific/pathogen specific 21- lgt izfrj{kk ¼busV bE;qfuVh½ ,d izdkj dk ---------------------- gS vkSj mikftZr izfrj{kk ¼,Dok;MZ bE;wfuVh ---------------------- gSA ¼jksxtud fof’k"V@vfof’k"V j{kk½ Questions of three marks each izR;sd iz’u ds fy;s rhu vad fu/kkZfjr gSA 22. Match the following a b c d e f 22. Group ‘A’ Malaria AIDS Pisiculture Tonsil DPT Toddy 1 2 3 4 5 6 Group ‘B’ Vaccine Fish Lymphoid Organ Traditional drink Plasmodium HIV LrEHk ^v^ dks LrEHk ^c^ ds lkFk lgh feyku djk;sAa a b c d LrEHk ^v^ eysfj;k ,M~l filhdYpj VkWufly 1 2 3 4 6 LrEHk ^c^ oSDlhu eNyh yfldkHk vax ikjEifjd is; e f Mh0ih0Vh0 VksMh 5 6 IykTeksfM;e ,p0vkbZ0ch0 Ans. Group A a b c d e f 23. Group B 5 6 2 3 1 4 Expand MOET. MOET is a technology in which hormones are used, name this hormone. The hormone induces follicular maturation and supper ovulation and produces how many eggs per cycle? Ans. Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer Technology. This technology is used for improvement of herd. During which FSH like hormones are used which induces follicular maturation and supper ovulation and produces 6-8 eggs. 23. ,e vks bZ Vh dks foLr`r djsAa ,e0vks0bZ0Vh0 ,d rduhd gS ftlesa gkseksZau dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] ml gkeksaZu dk uke crk;sAa gkeksZu nsdj iqVd ifjiDou ¼QkWfydqyj eSP;ksj’s ku½ rFkk mPp vaMksRltZu dks izfs jr dj fdrus vaMs izfr pØ mRiUu djk;s tkrs gSa\ 24. Expand the following terms (i) c-onc (ii) MRI (iii) CT scan (iv) ELISA (v) NACO (vi) WHO Ans. (i) c-onc–cellular oncogenes, (ii) MRI – Magnetic resonance imaging, (iii) CT – Computed tomography, (iv)NACO – National AIDS Control Organization, (vi) World Health Organization. 24. fuEufyf[kr ladsrksa dks foLr`r djsAa (i) lh- vkad c-onc (ii) ,e vkj vkbZ MRI (iii) lh Vh CT scan (iv) bZ ,y vkbZ ,l , ELISA (v) ,u , lh vks NACO 7 (vi) MCyw 25. ,p vks WHO Match the columns Group A 1 Neoplastic cells 2 Normal cell 3 X-ray 4 Biopsy 5 Cell count 6 Cell masses a b c d e f Group B carcinogen Cancer Leukemia Bone marrow Contact inhibition Tumors LrEHk ^v^ dks LrEHk ^c^ ds lkFk lgh feyku djk;sAa 25. 1 2 3 4 5 6 LrEHk ^v^ fu;ksIykfLVd dksf’kdk;sa lkekU; dksf’kdk;sa ,Dl fdj.k Ckk;ksIlh dksf'kdk x.kuk dksf'kdk iqta a b c d e f LrEHk ^c^ dSaljtu dSalj Y;wdhfe;k cksu eSjks dkaVDs V bufgfclku V~;ew j Ans. 1 2 3 4 5 6 26. Group A Neoplastic cells Normal cell X-ray Biopsy Cell count Cell masses b e a d c f Group B Cancer Contact inhibition carcinogen Bone marrow Leukemia Tumors Give three differences between active immunity and passive immunity? lfØ; vkSj fu"Ø; izfrj{kk esa rhu varj crk;saA Ans. 1 2 3 Active immunity Antibodies produced by the body Slow, takes time to give its full response Colostrum is an example of active immunity Passive immunity Ready- made antibodies Fast Vaccines are example of passive immunity Five marks questions 8 27. _________ is the common round worm and __________is the filarial worm, are the __________, which cause __________ and __________ respectively. (ascariasis, Ascaris, Wuchereri, filariasis, helminthes) ------------------------ ] lkekU; xksy d`fe vkSj ----------------------- ] Qkbysfj;k d`fe] dqN ,sls -------------------------------------- gS]a ftlls ----------------------------- vkSj -------------------------------- gksrk gSA Ans. (Ascaris, Wuchereria, helminthes, ascariasis, filariasis) 28. Below is the cartoon of antibody. Label i, ii, iii, in thediagramme. How many polypeptide chains are present in the antibody molecule? uhps ,aVhckWMh dk dkWVuw gSA fp= esa i, ii, iii ukekafdr djsAa ,aVhckWMh v.kq esa fdrus ikWyhisIVkbM J`a[kyk gksrs gS]a crk;sAa i N ii ii i C C Ans. i- heavy chain, ii- antigen binding site, iii- light chain. Four types of polypeptides are found in the antibodiy – two heavy chains and two light chains. 29. Name the antibodies produced by the humoral immune response system. H2L2 stands for. ml ,aVhckWMh gkeksZu dk uke crk;sa tks gkjeksuy bE;wu jslikal ra= ls L=kfor gksrk gS \ H2L2D;k gS \ Ans. Four types of antibodies are produced by the humoral immune response system. These are IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgG. H2L2stands for two heavy chains and two light chains. 9 30. Diagrammatically show the different stages of the life cycle of malaria parasite. eysfj;k ijthoh ds thou pØ ds fofHkUu voLFkkvksa dk ukekafdr fp= cuk;sAa Ans. 31. Name any two primary lymphoid organs. What is MALT? Name the site where the lymphocytes interact with antigen. fdUgha nks izkFkfed yfldkHk vax dk uke crk;saA ,e , ,y Vh D;k gS \ ml LFkku dk uke crk;sa tgk¡ fyEQkslkbV ,saVhtsu ds lkFk fØ;k djrk gS \ Ans. Bone marrow and thymus are the primary lymphoid organs. MALT stands for mucosa associated lymphoid tissue. Lymphocytes interact with antigen at secondary lymphoid organs such as– spleen, lymph node, tonsils, etc. 10