Download 1 Description of variables and data sources Code Variable

Description of variables and data sources
Code
Variable
Description
Source
Fragility
Binary variable assuming value 1 for
IDA countries in the bottom two
CPIA quintiles or without a CPIA
rating, 0 otherwise
World Bank and
Baliamoune-Lutz
(2009)
extreme
Extreme fragility
Binary variable assuming value 1 for
IDA countries in the bottom CPIA
quintile or without a CPIA rating, 0
otherwise
World Bank and
Baliamoune-Lutz
(2009)
l_rgdppc
pcGDP (log)
Real per-capita GDP (log)
Penn World Table 6.2
grrgdppc
pcGDP growth
Annual growth rate of real per-capita
GDP
Penn World Table 6.2
invest
Investment
Investment over real GDP
Penn World Table 6.2
diamond
Natural resources Number of diamond deposits
frgst2q9907
UCDP/PRIO
Geographical and
Resource Datasets
World Bank Education
Statistics 5.3
Primary
enrollment
Government
expenditures
Primary enrollment over official
school age population
Government expenditures over real
GDP
tottradepwt
Trade
Sum of import and export over real
GDP
Penn World Table 6.2
inflimf
Inflation
Consumer price index
International Monetary
Fund
lifeexp
Life expectancy
Number of years of life expectancy
at birth
Banks (2001)
l_fertrate
Fertility rate (log) Number of children per woman (log)
male1424
Youth bulge
enrollprim
governm
ethnicfract
civliber
Ethnic
fractionalization
Civil liberties
restrictions
Males aged 14 to 24 over population
Penn World Table 6.2
World Bank (2010)
World Bank (2010)
Ethnic fractionalization index
Alesina et al. (2003)
Civil liberties index
Freedom House (2008)
Banks (2001)
rev
Revolutions
Number of revolutions
rev9200
Instrument for
Revolutions
confln
Conflicts
ukcol
British colony
Number of revolutions in 1992 and
2000
Number of years under armed
conflicts
Binary variable assuming value 1 for
former British colonies, 0 otherwise
1
Banks (2001)
UCDP/PRIO Armed
Conflict Dataset
African Research
Program
frenchcol
French colony
portugcol
Portuguese
colony
polstat
Political status
Binary variable assuming value 1 for
former French colonies, 0 otherwise
Binary variable assuming value 1 for
former Portuguese colonies, 0
otherwise
Categorical variable assuming value
2 for colonies, 1 for dependencies,
and 0 for independent countries
latitude
Latitude
Absolute value of latitude
landlock
Landlocked
Binary variable assuming value 1 for
countries with no access to the sea, 0
otherwise
nbhd
Fragile neighbor
Binary variable assuming value 1 for
countries with one or more fragile
neighboring countries, 0 otherwise
kkgoverneffect
Government
effectiveness
Government effectiveness index
kkrulelaw
Rule of law
Rule of law index
kkvoiceaccount
Voice and
accountability
Voice and accountability index
African Research
Program
African Research
Program
Bertocchi & Canova
(2002)
Center for International
Development and The
World Factbook 2008
Center for International
Development
World Bank and
Baliamoune-Lutz
(2009)
Worldwide Governance
Indicators (2009)
Worldwide Governance
Indicators (2009)
Worldwide Governance
Indicators (2009)
Panel dataset. The panel is composed of two cross-sections over the 1992–99 and the 2000–07
subperiods. Le variables frgst2q9907 and extreme are the values of the fragility dummy and of the
extreme fragility dummy in 1999 and 2007, i.e., in the final year of each cross-section. For the other
variables, when we have yearly information we consider their average value in 1992–99 and 2000–07,
respectively. Exceptions are male1424 for which we enter the initial value in 1992 and 2000
respectively, and confln for which we enter the number of years under conflict within each subperiod,
i.e., within 1992–99 and 2000–07 respectively.
2