Download Alimentary canal

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1.
2.
3.
4.
oesophagus
5.
6.
7.
Mouth
Oesophagus (gullet)
Stomach
Small intestine (Duodenum,
Jejunum, Ileum)
Large intestine (ascending,
transverse, descending
colon)
Rectum
Anus
Nutrition comprises the following :
Nutrition(n)
Feeding(n)
(Ingestion) –
intake(n) of food
Digestion
(n)
breaking
down(v)
large food(adj.)
particles(n)
Soluble(adj.) and
diffusible(adj.)
forms
Mechanical(adj.)
and
Chemical(adj.)
Absorption(
n)
Egestion or
Elimination(n)
Digested(adj.)
food(n)
Body(adj.)
cells(n)
Various(adj.
)
purposes(n)
Removal(n)
Undigested(v)
waste(adj.)
materials(n)
The Digestion Process
incisors for biting,
canines for tearing
premolars and molars for
crushing and grinding
Oesophagus (gullet)
Narrow(adj.)
Tube(n)
Oesophagus
Connects(v)
Rhythmic(adj.)
Contraction
(n)
Muscular(n)
Wave-like
Peristalsis(n)
Pharynx(n)
to
Stomach(n)
Contraction(n) +
Relaxation(n)
Active(adj.)
By(prep.)
Muscles(n)
Transports(v)
Food(adj.)
bolus(n)
Requires(v)
Energy(n)
Pushes(
v)
Food(n) along(adv.)
the Gut(n)
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Stomach
Walls(n)
Thick(adj.)
muscular
(adj.)
Retains(v)
[keeps]
Food(n)
Temporarily
(adv.)
Protein(adj.)
digestion(n)
Inner(adj.)
wall
Lined(v)
[filled/covere
d/contain]
Food(n)
Gastric(adj.)
glands(n)
[gastric=
stomach
related]
Secretes(v)
[make &
release]
Mechanically
digested(v)
by
peristalsis
(n)
Remains(n)
Partially(ad
v.)
Normally(v)
Digested(v)
for 3-4
hours
in(prep.)
stomach(n)
Chyme(n)
Gastric
(adj.)
juice(n)
Vigorously(adv.)
[strong]
churns(v) [stir]
Mixture(n)
mixes food well
with gastric juice
hydrochloric
acid(n)
Enzymes (n)
(Proteases)
(n)
Partially(adv.) digests(v)
proteins(n)
Duodenum(n)
Consists(v)
Jejunum
Coiled(adj.)
ileum(n) [curled]
Duodenum(n)
Digestion(n)
Jejunum(n)
Small intestine(n)
Intestinal (adj.)
juice(n)
Produced(v) by
intestinal glands(n)
Protease(n)
(digests(v) proteins)
Contains(v)
Lipase(n)
(digests(v) fats)
Chyme(n) mixed(v)
with(prep.)
Protease(n) (digest
proteins)
Pancreatic(adj.
juice(n)
Produced(n) by
pancreas(n)
Lipase(n) (digest
fats)
Amylase(n) (digest
starch)
Bile(n)
Released(v) by gall
bladder(n)
Bile(n) emulsifies(v)
fats
End products of Digestion
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
simple sugars
Amino acids.
Fatty acids &
glycerol.
Glucose.
Fructose.
Galactose.
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Absorptions(n)
Nutrients(n)
Absorption(n)
Blood
capillaries(n)
Digested(adj.)
nutrients(n)
Glucose(n)
Small intestine
(ileum)(n)
Movement(n)
Lacteal(n)
digested products
Fatty acid +
Glycerol
gastric
intestinal
tract(n)
into the
[Nouns]
blood stream(n) and
lymphatic system.(n)
Amino acids(n)
Diffusion(n) and
active transport(n)
length (6 metres
long)
Well adapted(n):
Inner walls
transverse folds and
furrows
Many minute fingerlike projections
Villi(n)
Richly(adv.)
supplied(v) with
blood vessels(n)
lymphatic vessels to
absorb(v) food
substances
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Anus(n) – egestion or
defaecation
through
faeces (n)
discharged (v)
Rectum(n)
Stored(v) temporarily(adv.)
Water(n)
mineral salts(n)
Large intestine (colon)
Undigested(adj.) and
unabsorbed matter
Other Functions of the Liver
LIVER(n)
Production(n)
Regulation(n)
Bile(n)
Breaking
down(v)
Blood glucose
levels(n)
Synthesis(n)
Amino
acids(n)
Storage(n)
Proteins(n)
Detoxificatio
n[]
Iron(n)
Heat
production
e.g. Alcohol.