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• 1. List in order the types plants that would be
involved in a secondary secession.
herbs,
shrubs,
trees
• 2. Describe a habitat in which you would expect to
find the greatest biodiversity.
• Due to warm temperatures and abundant rain, the
rainforest has the greatest biodiversity
herbs, shrubs,
trees
• 3. Define a fixed action pattern and give an
example.
• A fixed action pattern is an action that, once
initiated, will continue to its conclusion; a graylag
goose will instinctively roll eggs back into her nest
with her beak. If her nest happens to be on a golf
course, golf balls may wind up in the nest, as well
• 4. Suggest some things that might limit the
number of photosynthetic organisms in an aquatic
ecosystem.
• Mainly the amount of sunlight it receives
• 5. If an organism is subjected to various
temperatures, and its body temperature varies
directly with the environmental temperature, how
would this organism mostly be classified?
• As an ectotherm (the body
• temperature of ectoderms
• fluctuate directly with the
• environmental temperature)
• 6. What would the line on a survivorship curve
look like if the organism was in the middle of a
food chain?
• Organisms in the middle of the food chain will be
Type II and will show constant decline
• 7. Which age group has the greatest number of
individuals? What will likely be the two greatest
areas of competition among these cohorts?
• Ages 20-30
• Finding mates and employment
• 8. In what part of the food chain would you most
likely find the highest concentrations of pollutants
or toxins?
• In the highest order consumers
• 9. Name some factors that would influence the
annual precipitation in an area.
• Wind patterns, mountain ranges, proximities to
bodies of water, transpiration
• 10. Why do birds and fish not have urinary
bladders as most mammals do?
• Because fish and birds give off urea and uric acid,
which do not require as much water as the
ammonia that most mammals release
1..2..3..
Bombs
Away!!
• 11. If two organisms can both survive in a certain
environment, but only one of them is located
there, while the other occupies an area nearby,
what explains this ecosystem structure?
• The competitive exclusion model
• 12. If a vegetable farmer finds that he is losing
more and more profit each year due to an ever
increasing rabbit population, what might be the
cause of this over population of rabbits?
• The number of
• coyotes and
• other predators
• may have
• decreased in
• number
• 13. Define the photoperiod of a plant and explain
how it affects the plant.
• Varying lengths of light and dark, which influence
developmental responses of plants; the
photoperiod may cause the plant to delay or
speed up the initiation of normal processes
• 14. What type of behavior supports the theory
that genes promote the survival of their own
copies by directing an organism to aid other
organisms that share these same genes?
• Altruism (unselfishly being more concerned with
the well-being of others more than one’s self)
• 15. Describe the relationship between the young
and adults in Type I survivorship curves.
• The adults invest a lot of time and energy in
protecting and caring for their young
• 16. In a yeast population, the carrying capacity is
650. rmax is 0.5 yeast cells/hour. What is the
maximum population growth rate for the
population if maximum growth occurs at N = K/2?
• In a yeast population, the carrying capacity is 650. rmax is
0.5 yeast cells/hour. What is the maximum population
growth rate for the population if maximum growth occurs
at N = K/2?
dN/dT = rmax N(K-N)
K
N = K/2 = 650/2 = 325
K-N = 0.5
K
dN/dT = (0.5)(325)(0.5) = 81.25 yeast cells/hour
• 17. Explain critical limit in plants based on long
night and short night flowers. When would each
type of plant bloom in relationship to the seasons?
• Critical limit is “set” number of uninterrupted
night hours to trigger flowering in certain plant
species. Long night – hours of night exceed critical
limit; short night – hours of night are below critical
limit; short hour – spring when nights get shorter;
long hour – late summer when nights begin to get
longer
• 18. Discuss what happens in the relationship
between predator and prey in the boom-bust
cycle.
• Boom is rise in population number; bust is a
decline in population number; two species cycle
back and forth or up and down on the graph; on
graph the prey curve moves ahead of predator
curve; predator population lags behind prey
curve.
• 19. Explain what is happening to the population
on the graph up to 1850.
• Population grows slowly
• at first; then, exponen• tial or very rapid growth
• occurs in the population,
• and finally growth begins to slow as population
reaches the carrying capacity, when growth levels
off
• 20. Describe what is happening to the population
on the graph after 1850.
• The population is
• hovering around the
• carrying capacity
• 21. What are some factors that might cause the
changes that occur in the population on the graph
after 1850?
• Limited resources,
• predation, disease,
• reproduction
• 22. Name two types of reproductive strategies.
• r-strategists and K-strategists
r-strategists
K-strategists
• 23. Describe each reproductive type.
• r-strategists – many offspring, little investment in
care of young, small size offspring, rapid sexual
maturity, brief reproductive lifespan, harsh
environment, Type III survivorship curve
• K-strategists – few offspring, much investment in
care for young, young are larger, slow sexual
maturation, long reproductive lifespan, many
reproductive events, calm environment, Type I
survivorship curve
• 24. Draw a graph to show each reproductive type.
•
K
r
• 25. Which reproductive type fits a J-shaped curve?
Which reproductive type fits an S-shaped curve?
r strategists
K strategists