Download The Health Effects of Tobacco

The Health Effects of
Tobacco
Hockett 2016
Learning Objectives
● identify various forms of tobacco and the addictive
substances in tobacco products;
● assess the hazardous effects nicotine has on the
cardiovascular and respiratory system.
● describe harmful substances in tobacco products and
smoke that result in serious illness and disease; and
● analyze the impact of secondhand smoke on individuals.
Unit Vocabulary
asthma
carbon monoxide
carcinogens
nicotine
chronic bronchitis
secondhand smoke
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
emphysema
tar
leukoplakia
tobacco
smokeless tobacco
Tobacco Products
Tobacco is a plant product used for the production of tobacco related products.
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Cigarettes & chewing tobacco.
Nicotine is the addictive, toxic substance that gives tobacco products their
addictive quality.
cigarettes, pipes,hookahs,smokeless tobacco, electronic cigarettes,
Health Risks of Using Tobacco over time
Tobacco and Your Body
On average, long-term smokers die 13 to 15 years earlier than non smokers.
Tobacco use increases a person's risk for developing number of major health
problems, including cancers of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus,lungs and bladder.
coronary heart disease
stroke, bronchitis, and
emphysema and respiratory infections.
Tobacco and Your body
The Surgeon General recently issued out a report on smoking and it linked
smoking with numerous additional illness.
higher risk for developing diabetes, liver cancers, vision loss, tuberculosis, and
arthritis.
Tobacco products and smoke contain thousands of chemicals and substances
that are harmful.
Ingredients in Tobacco products
Nicotine
Carbon Monoxide
Tar
Carcinogens
The Cardiovascular System
The cardiovascular system includes the heart and blood transportations.
Smokers have a higher risk of developing heart disease and high blood pressure
than non smokers.
Smokers are also twice as likely to die from heart attack as nonsmokers.
This is due to nicotine and carbon monoxide in the blood system.
Nicotine
Nicotine enters the bloodstream.
Its presence triggers the release of the hormone adrenaline, a stimulant.
Adrenaline increases the heart rate , breathing rate, and blood pressure.
The increase in speed and pressure of blood flow in the body makes the heart
work harder to pump blood faster around the body.
Nicotine also causes the blood vessels to constrict. Making it harder for the blood
to flow through the body.
Nicotine Continued
Blood flow in body increases - blood vessels narrow.
Because blood vessels narrow it makes it harder for fat and plaque to pass
through. (cholesterol).
Overtime the build up leads to a heart attack or stroke.
Carbon Monoxide
Cigarettes Contain high levels of carbon monoxide.
Carbon Monoxide - a poisonous gas found in cigarette smoke; negatively affects
cells’ ability to carry oxygen.
When inhaled, carbon monoxide interferes with the ability of blood cells to carry
oxygen.
This reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood and the amount of oxygen that it
reaches the heart.
The Respiratory System
The respiratory system’s primary function is to enable breathing.
Nose takes in air - bronchial tubes - lungs - are lined with tissue containing fine,
hair like projections called cilia. The cilia trap and move foreign particles out of
the respiratory tract.
The respiratory System Continued
When a person smokes, damage is done to the respiratory system that makes
breathing more difficult.
The burning of tobacco produces a residue known as Tar.
-Small, thick, sticky particles and can build in lungs over time.
Disrupts the cilia to effectively clear the lungs of foreign particles.
Starts chronic respiratory disease and asthma.
COPD
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - a group of diseases that cause
difficulty breathing; includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Group 1 - Chronic Bronchitis
Group 2 - Emphysema
Group 3 - Asthma
Group 4 - Other Illnesses ( How does smoking make people more susceptible to germs, ulcers, fertility problems. ect)
Define it… what parts of the respiratory system are affected.... relevant statistics...
Lung Cancer and Cancers
Lung Cancer occurs when abnormal cells in one or both lungs grow rapidly and
form a mass of cells which is called a tumor.
The growth usually happens in the cell that line the air passages.
As tumors grow, they interfere with the lungs’ ability to transport oxygen to the
bloodstream. Tumors can also spread from the lungs to other parts of the body.
Carcinogen - substances that causes cancers.
Your appearance is important.
Your Appearance
Tobacco has numerous negative internal effects, but it also has negative external
effects.
People who smoke for at least 10 years show more wrinkles in their skin, because
nicotine and tobacco causes blood vessels to get smaller making it difficult for
oxygen and nutrients to reach the skin.
Stains teeth, brittle nails, and thin hair.
Smokeless Tobacco
Smokeless Tobacco
Smokeless Tobacco - a tobacco related product that does not require burning;
includes chewing tobacco and electronic cigarettes.
Finely cut tobacco or powdered tobacco that is inhaled or placed between the
cheek and gums.
Dissolvable tobacco is taken in the form of flavored mouth drops or strips.
Less likely to develop lung problems but you are more likely to develop
leukoplakia - a condition characterized by white, leathery spots inside the
mouth
Impact of Secondhand Smoke
Secondhand smoke - tobacco smoke in the environment that may affect a
person even if he or she does not smoke.
Pregnant Women who are exposed to nicotine is particularly hazardous to a
developing fetus.
Passes through the placenta and into the fetus increasing the HR and reduces the
amount of oxygen to the fetus.
Children develop respiratory problems
Review Questions
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Define adrenaline. How does nicotine affects adrenaline and the body.
Explain how nicotine affects the blood vessels. How does this impact on blood vessels
cause smokers to be twice as likely as nonsmokers to die from a heart attack.
Describe carbon monoxide and the effects it has on the cardiovascular system.
Describe how tar accumulates in the respiratory system and how it affects the lungs.
How does smoking or breathing in cigarette smoke impact people with asthma.
Why do smokers have a higher risk of cancer that non smokers?
Review Answers
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6.
Adrenaline is a hormone that increases heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure; these
increases make the heart work harder to pump blood.
Nicotine constricts blood vessels and makes it easier for fatty substances to build up;
these buildups restrict blood transportation and increase risk for heart attack.
Carbon monoxide interferes with the ability of the cells to carry oxygen; as a result, less
oxygen reaches the heart.
Tar builds up in the lungs and hinders cilia from cleaning the lungs of foreign objects.
Tobacco smoke irritates airway linings, which can lead to an asthma attack.
Tobacco smoke contains carcinogens, which are cancer causing agents.