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Volcanoes
1. Why do volcanoes take on different shapes at
Earth’s surface?
A. The surface of Earth predetermines
the shape of the volcano.
B. The lava flows differently depending on
its mineral composition and the amount
of gas in the magma.
C. Whether the volcano forms on land or in
the ocean determines the shape of the
volcano.
D. All volcanoes form exactly alike. How
they weather and erode give them
different shapes.
2. Why would you probably not see a volcano on
the east coast of the United States?
A. They do not occur anywhere else other
than along the Ring of Fire.
B. The composition of the rock in that area
is not conducive to eruptions.
C. The magma does not have enough silica
or gas to form an explosive eruption.
D. There are no major fault lines or hot spots
close by.
3. Which of the following is not a characteristic
of a cinder cone?
A. forms in the middle of a lithospheric
plate
B. has lots of dissolved gases and violently
erupts
C. is small and has steep sides
D. made of ash and pieces of rock rich
in silica
4. Put the following volcanic events in
chronological order.
1. Gases escape from magma.
2. Gas is dissolved in magma.
3. Lava flow forms.
4. Gas bubbles increase in pressure.
A. 2, 3, 1, 4
B. 4, 3, 1, 2
C. 3, 1, 4, 2
D. 2, 4, 1, 3
5. Volcanic activity can sometimes produce
waves similar to a tsunami, which is a wave
created by an underwater earthquake. Explain
how it could be possible for a volcano to
trigger such a wave.
An underwater volcanic eruption could cause
the ocean floor to shake. The movement
creates enough energy to push against the
water, forming a wave that would reach the
surface of the water.
6. A hot spot, found in the middle of a
lithospheric plate, is a location where
volcanoes can form. Suppose a hot spot
forms a volcano in the middle of an oceanic
plate. If, over time, the plate moves
hundreds of kilometers and lava is still
pouring out of the hot spot, which of the
following formations is most likely to be
created?
A. one large mountain
B. a trench
C. a chain of islands
D. a mid-ocean ridge
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© 2010 CompassLearning, Inc.
EA008
Name: _______________________________________
Date:
_______________________________________
Teacher: _______________________________________
7. A chain of islands formed by volcanic
activity can be found in the Pacific Ocean.
Which of the following statements about
the chain of islands is most likely true?
A. They formed along the Ring of Fire
near a subduction zone.
B. They formed along the Ring of Fire
where two lithospheric plates separate.
C. They are rich in silica and formed
through quiet eruptions.
D. Their explosive eruptions created a chain
of shield volcanoes instead of a large,
single island.
8. Explain how a violent volcanic eruption, such
as that of Mount Saint Helens, would affect
the surrounding area. How would it affect the
plants and animals in the area?
If it were a violent type of eruption, there could
be a portion of the volcano blown out,
destroying any life in the immediate area. This
could change the terrain and trigger landslides
or mudslides, which, if further away, could
cover plants and some animals. A lot of ash
and gas could be thrown in the atmosphere for
an extended period of time, which could block
out some of the sunlight. The weather
conditions, such as air temperature, could
change, making it difficult for some plants to
survive. The ash could also cause respiratory
problems in animals, including humans. Ash
could suffocate plants and cause problems
with intake valves and vents in machines and
buildings.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
© 2010 CompassLearning, Inc.
EA008