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Vocabulary
ASYMMETRICAL
BILATERAL SYMMETRY
RADIAL SYMMETRY
EXOSKELETON
SEGMENTED
Explain it
No symmetry
Same on BOTH SIDES
Circle symmetry
Same from any point in the
center of the organism
Outside skeleton
Pieces that are identical
Draw it
Phylum
PHYLUM CHARACTERISTICS
Memory
Maker
CNIDARIA
MOLLUSCA
Middle
Muscled
Mantled
Molluscs
ANNELIDA
Annelids have
identical segments and
identical
“n’s” (aNNelid)
ARTHROPODA
Arthropods
get arthritis
in their
JOINTed
legs!
Symmetry
Distinguishing
Skeleton Nervous System Characteristics1
Distinguishing
Characteristics2
Picture
Example
Organisms
Radial
But can have
Bilateral as a
“baby”
Watery
“skeleton”
simple nerve net
Simple coelom
with 1 opening
(mouth and anus)
(mouth=butt)
tentacles (stinging cells)
2 body forms (medusa –
jellyfish and polyp—
hydra—things with tubelike bodies)
Coral, hydra,
Jellyfish
Bilateral, but
some are
asymmetrical
Usually a shell
made by a
mantle
Developed brain with
at least one nerve cord
Gut that goes through
the body (mouth and
anus)
Gut = both an “in” and
an “out”
Has a mantle (houses gills
and secretes shell), has a
muscular foot that it uses to
slide, dig, or jump, and a
feeding device on that foot
called a radula (like a
scraper tongue with little
teeth-like ridges),
clams, mussels,
oysters, octopus, squid,
slugs
Bilateral
No skeleton—
body is a tube
within a tube
Small, simple brain
with a nerve cord
Gut that goes through
the body (mouth and
anus)
Gut = both an “in” and
an “out”
Bodies are made
of identical
SEGMENTS
Many actively burrow in the ground
Segmented
worms
(earthworms,
leeches)
Bilateral
Exoskeleton, made
of chitin
Brain and ganglia
Jointed legs
Segmented bodies
(but the segments
Gut = both an “in” and are often not identian “out”
cal)
True body cavity
with pass-through
gut
SHRIMP, Lobster
(Crustaceans) ,
Arachnids
(Spiders), Insects,
and more!!!
Phylum
Example
Organisms
PHYLUM CHARACTERISTICS
Picture
Memory
Maker
Echins don’t
have scales or
fins, because
ECHINODERMATA they have:
SPINY
SKIN!
PORIFERA
CHORDATA
Distinguishing
Characteristics2
Symmetry
Skeleton
Nervous System
5-part or Radial
(Can be Bilateral as larvae)
None, but
their spiny
skin forms
inter-locking
plates
Nerve ring, and
eye spots on the
ends of arms
Most possess Gut
that goes through the
body (mouth and
anus)
Gut = both an “in” and
an “out”
Possess that spiny
skin, a water vascular system and
Tube feet
STARFISH, sea cucumbers, sea urchins, crinoids
and brittle stars
Asymmetry
No true
skeleton,
but skeletal support
usually
from calcium carbonate
(spicules)
None
Aquatic environement, sessile,
filter feeder
No true body cavity—though bodies are multiceullar, and there are
some tissues, no
distinct organs are
present.
Sponges
Bilateral
Internal
skeleton
(bony or
cartilage)
MOST
have
backbones,
jaws, and
skulls
Brain and developed nervous system with a spinal
cord
“Notochord” skeletal rod that
provides support
to nerves—in vertebrates, this becomes the backbone.
Ventral HEART,
closed blood system, and a tail at
some form of development
US! And many
many more—
vertebrates
NOT PART
OF THIS
YEAR’s
assignment
CHORData have
Nerve
CORDs
Distinguishing
Characteristics1
Gut = both an “in” and
an “out”