Download 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the
structures of the
skeletal system
1.02 Remember the
structures of the
skeletal system
What do you know?
1.02 Remember the structures
of the skeletal system
Essential Standards:
• What is the process of bone formation?
• What are the structures of the long
bones?
• What are the structures of the skeletal
system?
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
3
Bone formation
Identify the osteocytes.
Osteo = bone
Cyte = cell
Microscopic mature bone cells
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
4
Bone formation

Ossification – new minerals deposit to form
bone

Discuss the process of ossification?

How do we know ossification occurs?

Example
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Bone formation




Ossification –
Minerals replace previously formed cartilage.
Infants bones are soft and pliable because of
incomplete ossification.
As bones ossify, they become hard.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Bone formation



How do we know ossification occurs?
Long bones grow in length and ossify from the
center to the ends.
Give examples of ossification.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Bone formation
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Bone formation
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Types of Bones
Discuss their
possible
function
based on
appearance.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Types of Bones
Long bones
• Found in the arms
and legs
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Types of Bones
Flat bones
• Bones of the skull
• Ribs
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Types of Bones
Irregular bones
• Spinal column
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Types of Bones
Short bones
• Wrist
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Structures of long bones
Identify
structures
of the
long
bones.
Compare
spongy
bone to
compact
bone.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
15
Structure of the long bones
Compare
structures
of the long
bones.
Discuss the
importance
of having
both types
of bone
tissue.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Axial Skeleton
The axial
skeleton is blue.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
17
Axial Skeleton

Skull
frontal
view

Identify
the
structures
of the
frontal
view of
the skull.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
18
Axial Skeleton

Skull
lateral
view

Identify
the
structures
of the
lateral
view of
the skull.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
19
Axial Skeleton

Skull
superior
view
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
20
Axial Skeleton

Skull
lateral
view
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
21
Axial Skelton


Hyoid Bone
What is
unique about
the hyoid
bone?
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
22
Axial Skeleton


Spinal
column
Vertebral Structure
Identify
the
structures
of the
spinal
vertebra.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
23
Axial Skeleton


Spinal
column
Identify
the
vertebrae
in the
spinal
column.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
24
Axial Skeleton


Spinal
column
Identify the
vertebrae in
this x-ray.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
25
Appendicular Skeleton
The appendicular
skeleton is beige.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
26
Appendicular Skeleton


Shoulder
girdle
Identify the
structures
of the
shoulder
girdle and
upper
extremities.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
27
Appendicular Skeleton


Shoulder
girdle
Identify the
structures
of the
shoulder
girdle and
upper
extremities.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Appendicular Skeleton


Pelvic
girdle
Identify the
structures
of the pelvic
girdle and
lower
extremities.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
29
Appendicular Skeleton


Pelvic
girdle
Identify the
structures
of the lower
extremities.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Appendicular Skeleton


Pelvis
Identify the
structures
of the
pelvis.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
31
Appendicular Skeleton


Pelvic
girdle
Identify the
structures
of the pelvic
girdle and
lower
extremities.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Appendicular Skeleton


Pelvic
girdle
Compare
the male
and female
pelvis.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc.
33
Joints:
Diarthroses
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Joints


Diarthroses = moveable joints
Four types


Ball and socket
Hinge


Pivot
Gliding
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
35
Joints

Ball and socket




One bone has a ball at one
end
The other has a concave
socket
Allows for the greatest
range of motion
Ex: shoulder
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Joints:
Diarthroses

Example of
a ball and
socket joint.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Joints

Hinge joint

Move in one direction
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Joints:
Diarthroses


Example of
a hinge
joint.
Define
uniaxial.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
39
Joints

Pivot joints

Bones that rotate across
each other
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Joints:
Diarthroses


Identify the
pivot joints in
this x-ray.
Identify other
pivot joints.
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
41
Joints

Gliding joint

Bones with flat surfaces
that slide across each
other
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
42
Joints


Example of
gliding joint
Give
examples
not pictured
here
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
43
Joints

Amphiarthroses

Partially movable joints
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
44
Joints

Synarthroses


Immovable joints
Connected by fibrous
connective tissue
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
45
Bursa and
Synovial Membrane

Bursa


Fluid-filled sac that
contains the synovial
membrane
Lined by synovial
membrane
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
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Bursa and
Synovial Membrane

Synovial membrane
 Capsule that
encloses a joint


Lines the bursa
Contains synovial fluid
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
47
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
Essential Standards:
• What is the process of bone formation?
• What are the structures of the long bones?
• What are the structures of the skeletal
system?
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
48
1.02 Remember the
structures of the
skeletal system
The End
1.02 Remember the structures of
the skeletal system
49