Download Role of DAFM Laboratories in Animal Health Surveillance 28-04-2016

Role of DAFM Laboratories in
Animal Health Surveillance
Why does DAFM undertake surveillance?
What are the questions?
GENERAL
1.What is the health status of the National Herd?
2.What is the pattern and frequency of disease?
SPECIFIC
3.Is Disease X present in Ireland? - Trade
4.How frequent is Disease X in IE? – Disease control
A Surveillance system requires….
1. Objective (the question!)
2. Inputs  data generation
3. Analysis and interpretation
4. Outputs  disseminating information
5. ACTION
Laboratory-derived data
PVP; abattoir; knackery
Farmer; production data
Laboratory-derived surveillance data
• Publicly-funded laboratories
DAFM Laboratories
AFBI (Northern Ireland)
Marine Institute
 State Lab; HSE; EPA; Local authorities
 Teagasc; UCD Vet School
Irish Equine Centre
• Private commercial laboratories (incl. FBOs)
What is the pattern and frequency of disease in IE?
RVLs CVRL
1 RVL  127 Vet Practices
1 Vet Practice  683 Farms
SURVEILLANCE NETWORK
Regional Veterinary Laboratories
Post mortem examination
Clinical pathology
Follow-up field investigation
Central Veterinary Research Laboratory
(Backweston)
Divisions:
Bacteriology/Parasitology
Virology
Pathology
Specialist diagnostic disciplines:
 Clinical microbiology (classical and molecular)
 Anatomic pathology
Toxicology/clinical pathology
Sector-specific expertise
”Dublin RVL” & support for scanning surveillance by other RVLs
Year
Carcass Diagnostic
2012
242
373
2013
247
286
2014
591
181
2015
449
>600
DAFM Laboratories Quarterly
Surveillance Report
Quarter 4 2015
Figure 4: The causes of bovine mortality recorded on post-mortem
examination in cattle of all ages by the RVLs, categorised by system or
cause, during Quarter 4 2015 (n=378).
Central Veterinary Research Laboratory
(Backweston)
National Reference Laboratories (n = 15):
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
AMR
Bovine TB
Parasites
BVD
Exotic viral diseases (FMD, Avian Influenza; CSF; BTV; etc.)
Equine diseases (incl. AHS & CEM);
TSE
Laboratory Network [NRLs EURLs]
oversight of private commercial laboratories
targeted surveillance
• Is Disease X present in Ireland?
• How frequent is Disease X in IE?
Parasites NRL
TSE NRL
Are Irish foxes free of Echinococcus
multilocularis infection?
How many cases of atypical BSE have
occurred in Ireland during 2003-2014?
• Is Disease X present in Ireland?
• How frequent is Disease X in IE?
Brucellosis NRL
Is the Irish cattle population still free of
Brucella abortus infection?
Opportunistic use of samples to
answer further questions Serological evidence or sero-prevalence of other
specific infectious diseases of cattle?
BVD NRL
What genotypes of BVD virus are
circulating in Ireland?
BVD 1a
97%
Other
3%
BVD 1e
1% BVD
1h
0%
BVD 1b
2%
Challenges
1. New, emerging & exotic diseases
2. AMR & antimicrobial usage in food-producing animals
3. Dairy sector expansion  Animal health implications
4. Develop and maintain national capability
1. New, emerging & exotic diseases
Schmallenberg Virus Infection
New, emerging & exotic diseases
Early warning systems – impact of SBV infection on milk yield?
Antimicrobial Usage & Resistance
•
AMR in zoonotic and indicator bacteria
isolated from animals and food
•
Significant AMR patterns in clinical isolates
•
Evidence to support disease prevention and
prudent use of antimicrobials
Dairy sector expansion & calf mortality 2013-2015
Calf mortality 1900
Calf mortality 1900
National capability – from molecules to models
Opportunities
1. Collaboration – including data-sharing
2. “Big Data” - data analytics
 what is the question?
 data quality
 domain area expertise
 shared resource?
Conclusions
1. Define the question
[Strategic value and/or regulatory requirement]
2. Need to generate quality data
3. Inter-linkages & Networks
4. A broad church of specialist expertise
5. Multi-disciplinary approach & collaboration