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OAHP
Mediterranean Revival
The key to distinguishing the Mediterranean Revival style is the tile roof and restrained
ornamentation (as opposed to the elaborate details on a Spanish Colonial structure). Built in
Colorado during the 1920s, these structures are generally stucco or brick, often painted white to
contrast with the brightly colored roof tiles.
Roofs are low pitched gable or flat (behind a parapet) on smaller houses and are low pitched
hipped on some larger homes. Another characteristic feature is the extension of a side or front
wall to form an arcaded entrance or porch. Windows are sometimes casements, framed by
wooden or wrought iron grills or small second-story balconies called balconets.
Designers used the Mediterranean Revival style for churches, schools and residences, both on a
grand scale and on more modest houses. Mediterranean Revival style houses in contrast to
Spanish Colonial houses have flat or plainer surfaces, few projections, and more limited
ornamentation. The heavy tile roof is generally the dominant characteristic.
Common elements:
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heavy tile roof
low pitched gable
low hipped roof
wrought iron grille work
arcaded entrance/porch
stucco finish
casement window
arched entrance/window
<< All architectural styles
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Jacobean/Elizabethan
The Jacobean/Elizabethan style is characterized by a steeply pitched roof with
intersecting gables or dormers, round arched entrance, and decorative brickwork. Generally,
residential structures were built between 1920 and 1940 and are of brick, stone or stucco. Two or
more stories in height, buildings of this style also feature casement windows, occasionally
divided by heavy mullions, and façade chimneys with diagonally set stacks or flues. Halftimbering is used occasionally but is limited to the gable ends. Jacobean/Elizabethan buildings
are generally constructed of one external material in contrast to a Tudor structure which may use
two or more materials.
Common elements:
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steeply pitched roof
intersecting gables or dormers
front façade chimney
arched entrance
casement windows with heavy mullions
half-timbering
decorative brickwork
diagonally set chimney stacks
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Italianate
Like many Victorian-era styles, Italianate emphasized vertical proportions and richly
decorative detailing. Designers and builders used the style on residential, commercial, and
industrial structures throughout Colorado from about 1870 up until the turn of the century.
Italianate is characterized by a low pitched hip roof, wide overhangs, bracketed cornice, a variety
of fenestration (usually very tall, narrow, double-hung, one-over-one windows), molded window
surrounds, and occasionally a cupola or balustrated balcony. Simple Italianate structures have a
hip roof, bracketed eaves, and molded window surrounds. A more elaborate or high style
example may feature arcaded porches, quoins, towers, and ornate detailing.
There are also some Italianate structures that are flat roofed, with a front bay and entrance, and a
decorated cornice.
Common elements:
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low pitched hip roof
bracketed cornice
tall, narrow windows
molded window surrounds
balustrated balcony
arcaded porch
towers
wide overhanging eaves
paired brackets
10. cupola
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International Style
The chief characteristics of the International style are smooth unornamented surfaces, flat
roofs, usually without a ledge or coping, bands of windows, often set flush with the exterior wall,
and asymmetrical composition. A complete lack of ornamentation distinguishes the International
style. Horizontality, particularly on commercial buildings, is employed through alternating
bands of windows and solid planes created a horizontal effect. Wood or metal casement
windows are common. The style, which dates primarily from the 1930s through the 1950s, with
a revival in the 1970s, also emphasizes light and shadow as opposed to color.
Common elements:
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smooth, untextured surfaces
cantilevers
bands of windows
solid plane
casement windows
flat roof
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Greek Revival
Greek Revival is very rare in Colorado and the
few examples that exist date from between
1860 and the mid-1870s. The style is more
appropriately called Greek "Survival" because
it is an unusually late appearance of a style that
began in the Eastern United States in the 1820s
and fell out of favor by 1860. Colorado
examples represent a late adoption of the style.
Elements characteristic of Greek Revival in
Colorado include pedimented lintels and
architraves over windows and doors, pilaster
boards at the corners, engaged piers, transoms
and sidelights surrounding entrances, and slim,
refined Doric or Tuscan columns.
Most all Greek Revival buildings are woodframe and clapboard sided, and they are
predominately residential. Most are found in
the state’s early mining towns.
Common elements:
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pediment-shaped window head
transom
sidelights
pilaster corner boards
Doric or Tuscan columns
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Gothic Revival
Gothic Revival is best characterized by the pointed-arched window, steeply pitched roof,
and picturesque composition.
The English/French examples are predominately ecclesiastical and are vernacular versions of late
Medieval churches. Characteristic elements include massive towers, either flat or topped by a
spire, stepped and flying buttresses, deeply recessed openings, steeply pitched roofs, pointed
arches, and masonry construction.
Common elements:
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massive towers
flying buttress
stepped buttress
pointed arched window
steeply pitched roof
deeply recessed entrance
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Googie
Car-oriented restaurant architecture that developed in California, especially in Los Angeles
after World War I, served as the forerunner of the Googie style, also called Doo Wop or Coffee
Shop Modern. Simple roadside drive-in stands evolved into more complex facilities designed to
attract and serve large numbers of car-driving customers.
As construction resumed after World War II, Americans embraced modern design, new
products and technologies, and an optimistic attitude about the future. A new type of
freestanding building that featured indoor customer seating at counters and tables, often in
addition to drive-up service, emerged. The new restaurants lured diners with their casual
atmospheres, attractive prices, fast and friendly service, and menus offering a range of familiar
food.
This architecture incorporated bright colors, dramatic forms, neon lights, and contrasting
materials. Ample parking lots encouraged patrons to leave their cars and enter the wellilluminated restaurants. Douglas Haskell, writing in the February 1952 issue of House & Home,
first coined the term “Googie” for the new architecture, a label derived from architect John
Lautner’s 1949 design for a coffee house of that name in Los Angeles. Lautner, a pioneer of
modern coffee shop architecture who apprenticed with Frank Lloyd Wright at Taliesin,
employed elements that became basics of Googie style design, including distinctive roof lines,
integrated sign pylons, little distinction between indoors and out, and the many contrasting
modern materials.
Common elements:
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dramatic roof forms, including folded plate and butterfly
multiple contrasting modern materials
neon lights
bright colors
tall neon signs or integrated sign pylon
large plate glass windows
blurring of distinction between inside and outside parking area
Information Sources
Simmons, Tom and Laurie Simmons (Front Range Research Associates, Inc.) “Bastien’s
Restaurant” National Register of Historic Places nomination form, May 2009.
<< All architectural styles
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Denver City & County (A-C)
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A
Alamo Placita Park
Bounded by Speer Blvd., 1st Ave. & Clarkson
National Register 9/17/1986, 5DV.5306
Alamo Placita and Hungarian Freedom Parks illustrate the early plan to develop parks
facing each other on opposite sides of Speer Boulevard and Cherry Creek. The formal
Italian gardens of the Alamo Placita Park section were designed to be viewed from the
hillside of Hungarian Freedom Park (formerly Arlington Park) which, in turn, was to be
viewed from Alamo Placita Park as a meadowed hillside backed by an evergreen
forest. Saco R. DeBoer designed both parks: Hungarian Freedom in 1925 and Alamo
Placita in 1927. The property is associated with the Denver Park and Parkway System
Thematic Resource.
All Saints Episcopal Church / Chapel of our Merciful Savior
2222 W. 32nd Ave.
National Register 6/23/1978, 5DV.132
James Murdoch, an important Denver architect during the late 19th and early 20th
centuries, designed the 1890 church building. Its Victorian German style reflects the large
number of German immigrants populating the neighborhood. A soaring steeple on a corner
bell tower distinguishes this refurbished red-brick Gothic Revival chapel. Rhyolite trims
the entrance beneath a rose window. Inside, the original carved wood statues, pulpit,
baptismal font, and pews survive under hammered ceiling beams set in a herringbone
pattern.
To restore the church and repair its historic pipe organ, the Episcopal Diocese of Colorado
used more than $200,000 in SHF grants and its own matching funds. SHF funds also
helped put up vented protective glass over the historic stained-glass windows. Redoing the
gutters, downspouts, masonry, and installing new roof shingles as well as door repair and
replacement, inspired the church and the community also to transform the weedy vacant lot
next door into a pocket park.
Altamaha Apartments
1490 Lafayette St.
National Register 5/5/2004, 5DV.2614
The 1902 Altamaha Apartments represent Denver’s early 20th century adoption of a new
form of residential housing–the luxury apartment building. The Altamaha Apartments
embody the distinctive characteristics of the Italian Renaissance Revival style as applied to
an apartment building.
Annunciation Church
3601 Humboldt St.
National Register 6/21/1990, 5DV.3287
Designed by Frederick Paroth, in a blending of the Gothic and Romanesque Revival styles,
the red brick exterior is accented with white cut stone. The 25-foot-high Carrara marble
altar and 34 stained glass windows by Munich artists Franz Mayer and F.X. Zettler enhance
the beauty of this 1904 church.
The Capuchins (the Franciscan Order of Friars Minor) worked with parish volunteers and
SHF to resurrect this church along with its K-8 school, convent, and rectory. The SHF’s
nearly $233,000 grant allowed workers to restore the exterior brick, improve water
drainage, remove hazardous asbestos, redo the electrical system, and replace the roof,
rusted pipes, rotted window frames, and front doors.
Arcanum Apartments
1904 Logan St.
National Register 1/21/1999, 5DV.2578
Designed by prominent Denver architect Glen W. Huntington, the 1907 two-story red brick
building, a simplified version of the Classical Revival style with Colonial Revival
influences, includes a raised basement. Primarily associated with the design of single-
family residences, Huntington integrated this 30-unit apartment building into its Capitol
Hill residential neighborhood without overpowering adjacent houses.
Arno Apartments
325 E. 18th Ave.
National Register 2/5/1987, 5DV.2111
Completed in 1910, during Denver’s early 20th century apartment house construction
boom, this Colonial Revival style building was designed by Leo Andrew Des Jardins.
Auraria 9th Street Historic District
9th bounded by Curtis & Champa
National Register 3/26/1973, 5DV.102
This surviving block of Victorian era residences typifies a modest Denver residential
neighborhood spanning the years from 1873 to 1905. Located adjacent to the central
business district, on an urban campus shared by the University of Colorado at Denver,
Metropolitan State College of Denver, and Community College of Denver, the residences
within the district are among Denver’s oldest. During the 1970s, a grassroots preservation
effort saved the block from demolition and led to the rehabilitation of the buildings for use
as campus offices. More information (PDF, 3.42 MB).
Austin Building
2400-2418 E. Colfax Ave. & 1472 Josephine St.
National Register 1/11/1996, 5DV.4688
This 1904 building is associated with the commercial development of the East Colfax
corridor. It is an excellent example of the practice of incorporating high class residential
apartments over storefront retail space in order to take maximum advantage of a building’s
location along streetcar lines.
Avoca Lodge / ”Molly” Brown Summer Home
2690 S. Wadsworth Blvd.
National Register 1/26/1990, 5DV.696
Built in 1897, this red brick Foursquare is a rare surviving example of a late 19th century
country home in an area now absorbed by southwest Denver suburban development. As
the summer residence of James J. and Margaret Brown, it was the site of numerous society
parties.
back to the top
B
Bailey House
1600 Ogden
National Register 9/18/1978, 5DV.145
The 1889 three-story residence was designed by William Lang, a prominent Denver
architect during the late 19th century. An eclectic mix of Richardsonian and Queen Anne
detailing, the walls of rusticated gray stone exhibit a high quality of masonry work.
Baker Historic District / South Side Historic District
Bounded by W. 5th Ave., Broadway, W. Alameda & Fox
National Register 10/3/1985, 5DV.51
The Baker Historic District is a well-preserved middle class neighborhood developed from
the 1870s to the 1920s. The greatest period of development was the late 1880s and the
early 1890s as exemplified by the great variety of Queen Anne houses within the
district. Its architectural interest is enhanced by the nineteen houses designed by Denver
architect William Lang, well known for his fanciful and imaginative residential designs,
and his partner, Marshall Pugh.
Caroline Bancroft House
1079-81 Downing St.
National Register 8/29/1990, 5DV.2942
This 1892 residence was the home of Caroline Bancroft, a distinguished author whose
literary career broadened the audience for Colorado history. Prolific Denver architect
William Lang designed the two-story residence in the Queen Anne style.
Barth Hotel / Union Warehouse
1514 17th St.
National Register 6/3/1982, 5DV.47.64
The 1882 building was designed by noted architect F.C. Eberley. First used as a
warehouse, the four story brick and sandstone building was converted to a hotel in the
1880s. In 1930 a new owner, M. Allen Barth, gave his name to the hotel and beautified the
first floor with an attractive lobby.
Bastien’s Restaurant
3503 E. Colfax Ave.
National Register 9/30/2009, 5DV.10743
Bastien’s Restaurant is an important representative of the Googie style. This 1958 building
reflects a local interpretation by a Colorado architect of the Googie movement that
originated in Southern California for coffeehouse design in response to the growing
automobile culture, new materials and technologies, and space age visions of the
future. Representative features of the style embodied in Bastien’s design include the
freestanding building surrounded by ample parking; dramatic folded plate roof with
hemispherical skylight; juxtaposition of exterior materials, including painted concrete
block, concrete, and metal; expanses of plate glass windows; extruded metal screens;
linkage of the interior and exterior through the use of materials, forms, and geometric
shapes; neon embellished integrated and stand-alone signs; and a drive-up canopy at the
rear. The interior design of the restaurant continues the Googie theme with features such as
a tongue and groove board ceiling, curved bar with sunken service area, suspended metal
staircase leading to an upper dining room, and many 1950s finishes and fixtures. The
Bastien family still owns and operates the building as the same restaurant that opened in
1958. (2009 photograph.) More information (PDF, 3 MB).
Bats Grocery Store
4336 Clayton St.
National Register 1/28/1988, 5DV.2004
Bats Grocery Store, a one-story, rectangular building of soft brick and wood frame
construction, is an early 20th Century Commercial Style structure built in 1903 by H.C.
Donneker & Co. Typical of neighborhood groceries, the store played a vital role in the
commercial development of the Town of Swansea. Andrew and Hannah Bats were the
original owners and ran the store until 1935. From 1942 until 1951 the store was run by
Edward and Grace Whalen and was named the Whalen’s Super Market.
Baur Confectionery Company Building
1512-1514 Curtis St.
National Register 7/6/2006, 5DV.513
The 1881 Baur Building housed the most popular and longest-lived confectionery, catering,
and restaurant firm in Denver. Established in 1871 by German immigrant Otto P. Baur, the
company quickly emerged as an innovative and successful purveyor of candies, cakes, and
other confectionery items. Baur’s confectionery expertise, his dedication to excellence,
and his continuous striving to develop new flavors and delicacies resulted in steady
expansion of the firm and shipment of its candies across the country and overseas. After
apprenticing at the store in the 1890s, John Joseph Jacobs, Baur’s nephew, returned to take
over the business after Baur’s death in 1904. He led the company into its greatest era by
developing new confections and greatly expanding the scope of operations, eventually
adding a restaurant in 1918 famous for its Deviled Crab entrée and chocolate Mija
dessert. Jacobs was known for his philanthropic endeavors, such as ice cream giveaways
for children during the Great Depression, cakes delivered to elderly citizens on special
birthdays, and sweets provided to local hospitals and orphanages.
Belcaro / Phipps House
3400 Belcaro Dr.
National Register 2/10/1975, 5DV.168
The Denver architectural firm of Fisher and Fisher designed the Georgian style house for
Lawrence C. Phipps in 1932. Phipps amassed a fortune as an executive of Carnegie Steel
before moving to Denver in 1901 where he became a leader in public affairs. Serving two
terms as a U.S. Senator, Phipps also built the Agnes Memorial Sanatarium for the treatment
of tuberculosis, actively promoted Fitzsimons Army Hospital, built the auditorium wing of
the Denver Museum of Natural History, and played a major role in the Moffat Tunnel
project. The estate includes eleven acres with various outbuildings including a greenhouse,
the Tennis House, and garden areas.
Bennett Field House
740 Clarkson St.
National Register 7/8/2010, 5DV.3534
The 1905 Bennett-Field House is architecturally significant as it embodies distinguishing
characteristics of the Neo-Classical Revival style designed by noted Denver architect
William Fisher. The distinguishing features of this style found on the Bennett-Field House
include the large Ionic columns and entablature, symmetrically balanced windows,
centered door, and façade division.
Berkeley Lake Park
North shore of Berkeley Lake, Tennyson St., W. 46th Ave. & Sheridan Blvd.
National Register 9/17/1986, 5DV.5307
Berkeley Lake Park provides an attractively forested and lawned setting. It is a fine
example of the early design and use of parks for public recreation programs (including
swimming, horseshoes, tennis, etc.), for family picnics, for informal field games, and for
public facilities (including a major senior and recreation center and a branch of the Denver
Public Library). The park was originally developed between 1906 and 1910, but it was
redesigned by Saco R. DeBoer in the 1920s. The property is associated with the Denver
Park and Parkway System Thematic Resource.
Berkeley School
5025-5055 Lowell Blvd.
National Register 11/1/1996, 5DV.4904
The Berkeley School is associated with the educational history of the Berkeley community
from 1894 through 1976. The site provides a singular opportunity to view the architectural
evolution of the school from the construction of the original building, through the erection
of a larger building in 1906 and a 1923 addition.
Bethany Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Church (Denver Gospel Church)
1625 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd.
State Register 3/13/2002, 5DV.8171
The 1910 red brick building is a well-preserved example of an early 20th century Gothic
Revival style church which continues to blend well with its surrounding urban residential
neighborhood. The vertical characteristics of the style are exhibited in its steeply pitched
roof and numerous pointed arches. Known as the Denver Gospel Church since 1957, the
exterior features a prominent corner bell tower. The adjacent 1913 brick parsonage, a wellpreserved example of a Craftsman style bungalow, enhances the architectural significance
of the property.
Bethel Church of God in Christ
2455 Tremont Pl.
State Register 3/10/1999, 5DV.5742
Constructed in 1920, the one-story brick building is an example of the simple architectural
design typically found in a Pentecostal church design. However, the Romanesque Revival
style windows and crenellated parapet reminiscent of the Gothic Revival or Tudor Revival
styles creates more architectural interest. The church was built in a record forty days by
members of the congregation along with African American, Anglo-American, and Hispanic
members of the community working together. Located near the heart of the city, the
church continues to serve a diverse community.
Bliss House
1389 Stuart St.
National Register 7/19/1982, 5DV.340
The Bliss House is one of a series of six designed by prominent Denver architects William
Lang and Marshall Pugh for real estate developer Ralph Voorhees. Dr. Geral Bliss and his
wife occupied the house from 1891 until 1945. The architects employed an exuberant
expression of the Queen Anne style for the residence with its brick lower level; upper level
floors covered in fish scale shingles; and the combination of bays, unusual windows, and a
dramatic multi-planed roof. The property is associated with the West Colfax Subdivision
Historic Structures Thematic Resource.
Bluebird Theater
3315-3317 E. Colfax Ave.
National Register 1/31/1997, 5DV.4519
The Bluebird Theater opened in 1915 as the Thompson, one of the early Denver theaters
designed specifically for the exhibition of movies. Harry Huffman, premier movie theater
owner and promoter, acquired the Bluebird to begin the city’s first and largest locally
owned chain of movie theaters. Designed by prominent Denver architect Harry W.J.
Edbrooke, the theater represents the first of what quickly became a discernable type of
entertainment venue, the neighborhood movie theater.
Bonfils Memorial Theater (Tattered Cover)
1475 Elizabeth St.
National Register 12/27/2006, 5DV.4045
The primary mover in the development, funding, and creative direction of the theater was
Helen Bonfils. She commissioned its construction in memory of her parents, Belle and
Frederick G. Bonfils. Designed in 1949 by Denver architect John K. Monroe, the theater
opened in 1953 as the new home of the Denver Civic Theater. The theater was founded in
1929 in cooperation with Denver University. More than any other single individual, Helen
Bonfils raised civic theater in Denver to the high standards represented by the Bonfils
Memorial Theater. Her successful efforts to bring first class Broadway plays to the stage
of this top quality theater gave the city a class of performing arts typical of larger cities and
professional companies. The continued growth of civic theater and the establishment of the
professional Denver Center for the Performing Arts spring directly from the Bonfils
Memorial Theater and the dedication of Helen Bonfils. The building was rehabilitated in
2006 to become the Tattered Cover bookstore. Additional documentation (PDF, 4.85
MB). More information (PDF, 5.93 MB).
Boston Building
828 17th St.
National Register 9/18/1978, 5DV.108
The Boston Building, an eight-story building of Greenlee red sandstone, combining the
Renaissance Revival and Richardsonian Romanesque styles, was designed by the Boston
firm of Andrews, Jaques and Rantoul. It was noted as being the first "strictly modern
office building" in Denver upon its completion in 1890. The property is associated with
the Historic Resources of Downtown Denver Multiple Property Submission.
Bouvier-Lathrop House
1600 Emerson
National Register 9/4/1980, 5DV.154
The two-and-one-half-story brick house, with its northwest corner tower, was designed by
Robert G. Balcomb and Eugene R. Rice and built on speculation by the firm of Flower and
Patterson. The mixture of Queen Anne, Richardsonian Romanesque, and Neo-classical
stylistic elements makes the house one of the most interesting on Capitol Hill. Michel
Charles Bouvier of New York owned the house from 1891 until 1921 and rented it out to a
series of tenants, including Wilbur C. Lothrop, who established the public school system in
Colorado.
Bowman House / Yamecila (Savio House)
325 King St.
National Register 3/14/1991, 5DV.3364
Yamecila, an eclectic design with Colonial Revival features, was originally designed in
1910 by and for Denver architect William Norman Bowman. The three-acre property
consists of the house with an attached one-story chapel and dormitory and a small detached
two-story house. The house is the only large residential building in the Barnum
subdivision of Denver. In 1924, the property was purchased by the Sisters of St. Francis
for a tuberculosis sanitarium (1924-41) and the chapel, dormitory and small house were
added. The present facility, Savio House, is a home and educational facility for delinquent
children. More information (PDF, 5.03 MB).
Brinker Collegiate Institute / Navarre
1725-27 Tremont Pl.
National Register 10/28/1977, 5DV.124
The four-story, brick Victorian building, was constructed in 1880 and served as the
permanent edifice of the Brinker Collegiate Institute until 1889. From 1889 until 1904, the
property was remodeled and opened first as the Richelieu Hotel and then the Navarre. In
1893, owner Owen LeFevre had an underground rail system built to the Brown Palace
Hotel across the street which accommodated unseen passage as well as coal
delivery. Beginning in 1914, the Navarre served as a private club or restaurant. The
property is associated with the Historic Resources of Downtown Denver Multiple Property
Submission.
J.S. Brown Mercantile (Wynkoop Brewing Company)
1634 18th St.
National Register 11/3/1988, 5DV.47.61
The five-story brick building was designed by Gove and Walsh in 1899 for John Sidney
Brown’s wholesale grocery business. The building is a fine example of 19th century
commercial architecture. The interior also retains most of its original decoration.
Margaret Tobin Brown House (Molly Brown House Museum)
1340 Pennsylvania
National Register 2/1/1972, 5DV.178
The Brown House, a two-and-one-half-story stone building, was originally started in 1887
by George W. Clayton or Isaac N. Large. It was purchased by James J. and Margaret
(Maggie) Tobin Brown in 1890 and completed circa 1892. Its importance is tied to the
"rags to riches" elements in early Colorado history and one of Colorado’s most colorful
women. Though widely publicized as the "Unsinkable" Mrs. Brown for her heroic
demeanor as a survivor of the Titanic sinking in 1912, the popular 1960s Broadway
musical first gave Maggie her now famous nickname, the "Unsinkable Molly
Brown." More information (PDF, 2.16 MB).
Brown Palace Hotel
17th & Tremont Pl.
National Register 4/28/1970, 5DV.110
The Brown Palace Hotel, America’s second fireproof building, was begun in 1889 and
completed in 1892. Denver architect Frank East Edbrooke designed the building for Henry
C. Brown and co-owners W. H. Bush and N. M. Tabor. Brown paid three-quarters of the
total $2 million construction and furnishing costs. The hotel has long played a role as the
social and cultural landmark of Denver. It has regularly hosted U.S. presidents, foreign
dignitaries, and business leaders, as well as the traveling general public. The property is
associated with the Historic Resources of Downtown Denver Multiple Property
Submission.
Bryant Webster Elementary School
3635 Quivas St.
National Register 12/7/1995, 5DV.378
The 1931 Bryant-Webster School is an excellent example of Art Deco design. The
building is the work of two prominent Denver architects, brothers G. Meredith and J. Roger
Musick.
Buchtel Boulevard
University Blvd. to Monroe
State Register 8/12/1992, 5DV.2943
Named for and dedicated to Henry A. Buchtel, governor of Colorado and chancellor of the
University of Denver, Buchtel Boulevard opened for traffic in 1926. The boulevard
figured in the pre-World War II development of the University Park Neighborhood,
providing a natural area with trees, prairie grasses and wildflowers.
Buchtel Bungalow
2100 S. Columbine St.
National Register 11/3/1988, 5DV.2953
F. T. Adams designed and built the Craftsman style bungalow in 1906-1907 for Henry
Augustus Buchtel. It served as the Governor’s mansion from 1907-1909 while Buchtel
served as governor of Colorado. The one-and-one-half-story structure of smooth white
faced brick, with heavy wooden knee braces and wood trim, is typical of early California
Bungalow / Craftsman style architecture then gaining popularity across the nation.
Buckhorn Exchange
1000 Osage St.
National Register 4/21/1983, 5DV.700
The Buckhorn Exchange is one of the oldest and best-known of Denver’s historic
restaurants and bars. Built in late 1885 or early 1886, John M. Berkey first owned the
facility. The Neef Brothers Brewery and Investment Company took title to the property in
1889. The brewery operated the building as a saloon, the Rio Grande Exchange, beginning
in November 1892 under the management of Henry H. Zeitz. The saloon assumed the
Buckhorn Exchange name in the early 1900s, and in 1932 Zeitz bought the building. The
back bar, built in Essen, Germany, and the hundreds of mounted animals bagged by Zeitz
and his son, dominate the interior.
Buerger Brothers Building & Annex
1732-1740, & 1742 Champa St.
State Register 5/14/1997, National Register 9/25/1998, 5DV.528
The 1929 building, designed by Denver architect Montana Fallis, is one of the finest
examples of Art Deco architecture in Colorado. The Buerger Brother Supply Company,
founded in Pueblo in 1885, built the office and warehouse to headquarter what became the
preeminent barbershop and beauty salon supplier in the Rocky Mountain and western
plains region of the United States. The property is associated with the Historic Resources
of Downtown Denver Multiple Property Submission.
Burlington Hotel
2205 Larimer St.
National Register 4/23/1998, 5DV.3311
The 1891 Burlington Hotel represents a type of residence hotel in Denver combining
furnished rooms and commercial enterprises during the late 19th and early 20th
centuries. The hotel, a product of the renowned Denver architectural firm of Frank East
Edbrooke & Company, is representative of Edbrooke’s design of solid, functional brick
buildings responding to the needs of working class families and small businesses and
stands in contrast to his luxurious hotels, substantial office blocks and department stores.
Burr Studio & Residence
1325 Logan St.
State Register 9/13/1995, 5DV.742
From 1910 until 1924, artist George Elbert Burr lived and worked here, producing two of
his most significant sets of work. Since 1924, the building has served as the home of the
Denver Woman’s Press Club, an organization founded in 1898 to advance and encourage
women in literary work. More information (PDF, 6.45 MB).
Alfred Butters House
1129 Pennsylvania St.
National Register 10/29/1982, 5DV.664
Distinguished Denver architect Frank Edbrooke designed this combination Queen Anne
and Colonial Revival style house for former territorial legislator and State Senator Alfred
Butters. From 1908 to 1916 the house was occupied by Charles M. Willcox, vice-president
and general manager of the Daniels and Fisher Dry Goods Co. The house is one of a
number of grand residences constructed between 1885 and 1893 in the area known as
Quality Hill for its concentration of wealthy industrialists, bankers, lawyers, and other
prominent citizens. More information (PDF, 4.43 MB).
Byers-Evans House
1310 Bannock
National Register 8/25/1970, 5DV.163
The house was built in 1883 for Rocky Mountain News publisher William Byers. He sold
it to the William Gray Evans family in 1889. The two-story Italianate style house has been
restored to its 1912-24 appearance. The property is operated as a museum by the Colorado
Historical Society and also houses the Denver History Museum.
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Richard C. Campbell House (Denver Botanic Gardens House)
909 York St.
National Register 7/3/1979, 5DV.182
The circa 1927 house has strong associations with two important area businessmen:
Richard Crawford Campbell, business manager for the Rocky Mountain News; and Elmer
G. Hartner, president of the Western Seed Company. Jules Jacques Benois Benedict
designed the house which reflects Norman/Romantic Revival influences. The building is
now a part of the Botanic Gardens complex. The property is associated with The
Architecture of Jules Jacques Benois Benedict in Colorado Property Submission.
Capitol Heights Presbyterian Church
1100 Fillmore St.
State Register 8/8/2001, 5DV.8077
Constructed in 1911, the Capitol Heights Presbyterian Church is an important local
example of Gothic Revival style ecclesiastical design. Blending well with its surrounding
residential neighborhood, the blond brick building is the work of master architects Montana
S. Fallis and Robert Willison.
Capitol Life Insurance Building
1600 Sherman St.
State Register 9/11/1996, National Register 12/17/1997, 5DV.2686
The 1924 Capitol Life Insurance Building is an outstanding example of the work of Denver
architect Harry James Manning. This Classical Revival building, of yule marble with terra
cotta trim, exhibits Manning’s skill in the use of architectural detailing. A 1994-95 project
restored much of the interior to its original appearance. At the rear, a two-story connector
wing leads to the 1963 New Formalism, thirteen story Capitol Life Tower Addition by
Modernist architect Edwin A. Francis.
Carter-Rice Building
1623-1631 Blake St.
National Register 9/20/1984, 5DV.47.24
Carter-Rice and Company constructed this building in 1903 to house its paper distribution
firm. The building is one of the few remaining examples of Second Renaissance Revival
architecture in Denver’s central business district. It also typifies the small scale warehouse
and commercial structures that dominated the lower downtown area after 1900.
Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception
Colfax and Logan
National Register 3/3/1975, 5DV.111
Denver architects Aaron Gove and Thomas Walsh designed the cathedral. Constructed
between 1902 and 1912, the building is one of the best examples of Late Gothic Revival
architecture in Colorado.
Central Presbyterian Church
1660 Sherman St.
National Register 11/21/1974, 5DV.112
The 1892 Romanesque Revival style church was designed by Denver architects Frank
Edbrooke and Willis Marean. The red sandstone building is spare and simple with the
vertical thrust emphasized in the tower by the tall, thin lantern openings topped by ogee
arches.
Chamber of Commerce Building (Chamber Lofts)
1726 Champa St.
State Register 6/10/1998, National Register 1/16/2001, 5DV.527
As the headquarters for the Denver Chamber of Commerce from 1910 until 1950, the
Neoclassical Revival style building is important for its association with the development of
Denver as the business hub of the Rocky Mountain states. Designed by the Denver
architectural firm of Marean and Norton, the six-story, steel frame building’s facade is
faced with granite and terra cotta. The property is associated with the Historic Resources
of Downtown Denver Multiple Property Submission.
Chamberlin Observatory
2930 E. Warren Ave.
National Register 3/27/1980, 5DV.187
The 1891 observatory is important for its role in education and science at the University of
Denver. The building is also important for its fine architectural features in the
Richardsonian Romanesque style. Robert S. Roeschlaub, one of the leading architects of
19th century Colorado, designed the observatory.
Chapel No. 1 / Eisenhower Memorial Chapel
293 N. Quince St.
National Register 5/6/1982, 5DV.193
The chapel was the first permanent religious structure erected at Lowry Field, a military
base for the U.S. Army Air Corps. The 1941 building followed a standard army plan and is
the only remaining example of the type in Colorado. During the 1950s, President
Eisenhower often established a "summer White House" at Lowry and he and Mrs.
Eisenhower worshipped in the chapel.
The Chateau (Chateau Apartments)
900 Sherman St.
National Register 1/25/2007, 5DV.8524
The 1921 building is an important local variation of the early 20th century courtyard
apartment house. The Chateau reflects an important stage in the development of the inner
city housing patterns-away from the single-family house and toward a more affordable,
community-oriented, urban arrangement maintaining turn-of-the-century standards for
natural lighting, ventilation, and privacy. The Chateau is an eclectic mix of Tudor,
Craftsman, and Chateauesque styles, with its false half-timbering, verge boards, bracketed
eaves, multi-pane windows, and stucco finish all exhibiting a high degree of physical
integrity. The interior of the building preserves its original floor plan of fifty
apartments. Most of the apartments retain their original built-ins and interior windows to
the public corridor. More information (PDF, 3.06 MB).
Delos Allen Chappell House
1555 Race St.
National Register 6/3/1982, 5DV.320
Delos Allen Chappell was closely associated with the early development of the coal and
coke industry in Colorado and founded the Victor Fuel Company. The 1895 house,
constructed for Chappell and his wife, May, only two years after the onset of the Silver
Crash economic depression, represents the beginning of the trend away from the
flamboyance of the Victorian era and the move toward the restraint of the Neoclassical
style. The architect responsible for the design is believed to be Frank S. Snell.
Cheesman-Boettcher Mansion (Governor’s Mansion)
400 E. 8th Ave.
National Register 12/3/1969, 5DV.169
Walter S. Cheesman, an early and long-time Denver promoter and developer, began work
on the house in 1904. He died before its completion in 1908. John Evans and his wife
Gladys, Cheesman’s daughter, lived in the house until about 1926 when Claude Boettcher,
son of the founder of the Great Western Sugar Company, purchased the property. In 1960,
the Colonial Revival mansion was transferred from the Boettchers to the State of Colorado,
and it became the official home for the state’s governor. More information (PDF, 1.47
MB).
Cheesman Park
Bounded by E. 13th, High St., E. 8th & Franklin St.
National Register 9/17/1986, 5DV.5308
Vincent Scully, former Yale University art historian, described the 1898 Cheesman Park as
one of the finest urban spaces in America. The park is the masterpiece of Denver’s turn-ofthe-century landscape architect, Reinhard Schuetze. His plan features a superbly graded
meadow, a beautiful undulating forest edge, fine short views within the park and long
views to the Rocky Mountains, and, at the highest point in the park, a neo-classical
pavilion. The property is associated with the Denver Park and Parkway System Thematic
Resource.
Cheesman Park Duplex
1372 S. Pennsylvania St.
National Register 5/5/1983, 5DV.658
The 1903 Cheesman Park Duplex is an important example of a combination of design
elements - Mission Revival and Arts & Crafts. The brick building exhibits excellence in
craftsmanship and detailing credited to builder William Thompson. When constructed, the
duplex was located at 1520 E. 12th Ave. adjacent to Cheesman Park. The building was
relocated to its present location in 1981 to avoid demolition.
Cheesman Park Esplanade
Bounded by 8th Ave., High St., 7th Ave. Parkway, & Williams St.
National Register 9/17/1986, 5DV.5309
Designed in 1912, the esplanade serves as a grand entry to Cheesman Park and is Saco R.
DeBoer’s masterpiece and perhaps the most sophisticated piece of landscape design in the
Denver park and parkway system. The complex composition includes terraces, meadows,
and allees of trees, all executed with a refined selection of plant materials. The property is
associated with the Denver Park and Parkway System Thematic Resource.
Christ Methodist Episcopal Church (Sanctuary Lofts)
2201 Ogden
National Register 11/7/1976, 5DV.127
Denver architect Frank E. Kidder designed the Gothic Revival style church which opened
in 1891. The stone building is composed of gray rhyolite trimmed with red sandstone. The
spire on the corner tower was removed in the late 1970s. The building was rehabilitated
into residential lofts in 1995.
City Park
Bounded by E. 23rd, Colorado Blvd., E. 17th & York St.
National Register 9/17/1986, 5DV.50
City Park is the largest and among the oldest of Denver’s parks. Henry Meryweather laid
out the park in 1882 in the romantic tradition exemplified by Olmsted’s Central Park. City
Park is divided into active and passive zones in the tradition of late 19th century park
design and is embellished with elaborate broiderie gardens, lakes, fountains and ponds, a
zoo and a museum of natural history, important mountain vistas, playgrounds, and an
extraordinary diversity of well designed and well planted landscapes. Reinhard Schuetze
redesigned parts of the park around 1900, as did Saco R. DeBoer in the 1920s. The
property is associated with the Denver Park and Parkway System Thematic Resource.
City Park Esplanade
E. Colfax Ave. to E. 17th
National Register 9/17/1986, 5DV.5310
The esplanade incorporates the basic elements of classic French landscape design and is the
most elegant, ceremonial, and architectural of the Denver parkways. The esplanade serves
as a formal entry to the city’s largest park and as a frontispiece for East High
School. Planning took place in 1905-06 and is attributed to Reinhard Schuetze. Planting
occurred in 1907-18. The property is associated with the Denver Park and Parkway
System Thematic Resource. (1993 photograph.)
City Park Golf
Bounded by E. 26th Ave. Parkway, Colorado Blvd., E. 23rd Ave., & York St.
National Register, 9/17/1986, 5DV.5311
The 1913 golf course represents a substantial commitment of urban open space to
recreational use. The course provides unequaled mountain views and is illustrative of early
municipal golf course design. The property is associated with the Denver Park and
Parkway System Thematic Resource.
Denver Civic Center Historic District
Between Grant St. & Cherokee
National Historic Landmark 10/12/2012, National Register 2/27/1974 (5DV.161),
boundary expansion 11/14/1988, 5DV.11336
Bounded approximately by Grant to Cherokee streets and 14th to Colfax avenues, Denver
Civic Center significantly evokes the City Beautiful movement and Beaux-Arts design
principles in the areas of community planning and development, landscape architecture,
architecture, and art.
As inspired by the 1893 Chicago World’s Columbian Exposition and 1900 Macmillan Plan
for Washington, D.C., Denver Civic Center evolved between 1890, with the beginning of
construction of the Colorado State Capitol, and 1935, with the completion of the Denver
City and County Building. The large urban park includes a landscape, buildings, and
monuments designed by nationally renowned architects, landscape architects, and artists
including Reinhard Schuetze, Charles Mulford Robinson, Frederick W. MacMonnies,
Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr., Edward H. Bennett, Allen Tupper True, and Allied Architects
Association.
As part of the broader City Beautiful movement and emergence of city planning, American
cities such as Cleveland and Detroit developed civic centers in the early twentieth
century. Most remained conceptual only, however, never receiving public support and
funding. Meanwhile, Denver’s civic leaders articulated and actively pursued projects to
improve and enhance their city. The election of Mayor Robert W. Speer in 1904 solidified
the interest, means, and political will necessary to achieve community planning goals.
During Speer’s three terms, Denver also expanded its city parks, established parkway and
mountain park systems, increased private support for public improvements, and initiated
comprehensive planning.
Denver Civic is significant architecturally as an American expression of Beaux-Arts
classicism derived from historic motifs of ancient Greek and Roman architecture as
translated by architects trained at the influential École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Other
attributes of the style include: order, balance, symmetry, axial site planning, the
juxtaposition of art and architecture, and logical progression through spaces. Three BeauxArts government buildings—the Denver Public Library (1910), Colorado State Museum
(1915), and Colorado State Office Building (1921)—surround the historic designed
landscape.
Contemporary landscape architects interested in the creation of public open space
embraced Beaux-Arts axial planning and geometrical design. Denver Civic Center’s
landscape integrates the surrounding buildings, works of art, and vistas into and out of the
center while creating areas for diverse public use. Further, Denver Civic Center represents
the essential role regional artists played, testifying to the city’s growing cultural
sophistication as inspired by the magnificent landscape of the Rocky Mountain region and
western heritage themes.
Listed on the a National Register of Historic Places in February 1974 and with a boundary
expansion in November 1988, Denver Civic Center is currently under consideration by the
Secretary of the Interior for designation as a National Historic Landmark. NHL
nomination (PDF, 12 MB)
National Register nomination (5DV.161).
George W. Clayton Trust & College
3801 Martin Luther King Blvd.
National Register 5/2/2006 5DV.310
The City and County of Denver established the George W. Clayton Trust and College in
1911 through a bequest by George W.Clayton. Clayton sought to provide for the
guardianship and education of boys whose fathers had died and whose mothers were
unable to care for them. He wanted to provide a cost-free standard of care and education
significantly beyond that typical of the time. From 1911 through 1957, over 600 boys
received shelter, support, and an education at Clayton College. The campus is
architecturally significant for its initial buildings, especially the administration building, the
four dormitories, and the power house. Designed by Denver architects Maurice Biscoe and
Henry Hewitt, the buildings are good examples of the Italian Renaissance Revival style and
exhibit a high degree of craftsmanship in their sandstone masonry. More information
(PDF, 1.26 MB).
Clements Rowhouse
2201-2217 Glenarm Pl.
National Register 9/12/1980, 5DV.196
The 1883 Rowhouse is one of the most intact examples of its type dating from the late 19th
century. This form of housing became popular as Denver’s population boomed following
the arrival of the railroad in 1870. Alfred Clements platted the area just east of downtown
for residential construction.
Clermont Street Parkway
Clermont St. Pkwy. from E. 3rd Ave. to E. 6th Ave.
National Register 9/17/1986, 5DV.5312
The .3-mile parkway dates from 1911 and is a good example of the use of a parkway to
connect a residential neighborhood and a neighborhood park to the main parkway
system. This parkway also illustrates the evolution of parkway design toward open
planting intended to appeal particularly to the motorist. The property is associated with the
Denver Park and Parkway System Thematic Resource.
Cole Neighborhood Historic District
3200-3300 Vine and Race Sts.
National Register 3/31/1995, 5DV.4696
The district contains an important collection of one and one-and-one-half story brick
bungalows dating from the 1910s and early 1920s. The bungalow achieved a high degree
of popularity as a type of single family housing in the first three decades of the 20th
century. Bungalows most often exhibit the Craftsman style, but some utilize the
Mediterranean or Mission Revival styles. The district also contains several excellent
examples of early 20th century, detached automobile garages.
Colorado National Bank Building
918 17th St.
National Register 4/27/2010, 5DV.524
The Colorado National Bank is listed on the National Register for its local significance
between 1915 and 1964 in the area of Commerce and Community Planning and
Development for its embodiment of the Colorado National Bank’s leadership role in the
renaissance of downtown Denver during the post-World War II years. The Colorado
National Bank Building is further listed in the area of Art for the significance of the 19211925 Indian Memories cycle of architectural murals in the main banking hall by renowned
artist Allen Tupper True.
Colorado State Capitol Annex & Boiler Plant
1341 Sherman St.
National Register 6/24/1991, 5DV.3844
The Capitol Annex benefited from two Depression era Federal programs - the Public
Works Administration and the Works Progress Administration. The former program
provided part of the funding for this two building complex. Colorado artists from the Fine
Arts Project of the WPA adorned the building with works of art. The 1939-41 building is
an important example of Art Deco architecture typical of Denver in the late
1930s. Prominent Denver architect G. Meredith Musick served as president of the
Associated Architects for the State Capitol Annex, the collaboration responsible for the
design of both buildings. More information (PDF, 4.89 MB).
Cornwall Apartments
921 E. 13th Ave.
National Register 10/8/1976, 5DV.183
Denver architect Walter Rice designed the 1901 Cornwall in a style reminiscent of Italian
Renaissance architecture. The owner of the building, William T. Cornwall, was an
executive of the Denver Fire Clay Company and a local real estate developer. More
information (PDF, 2.71 MB).
Country Club Historic District
E. 1st Ave. & E. 4th Ave., High St. & Downing St.
National Register 7/10/1979; Boundary Increase: National Register 9/27/1985, Downing &
University, E. 4th Ave. & N. of Alameda, 5DV.167
The Country Club Historic District includes one of Denver’s most prestigious early 20th
century neighborhoods. Many of Denver’s prominent architects designed the area’s large
houses. Among the architects represented are William East and Arthur A. Fisher; John J.
Huddart; Frank Frewen; Ernest and Lester Varian; and Merrill and Burnham Hoyt. The
district also includes the 1902 Denver County Club with its park-like golf course along the
banks of Cherry Creek.
Cranmer House
200 Cherry St.
National Register 7/27/2005, 5DV.9199
Denver architect Jules Jacques Benois Benedict designed the Cranmer House in
1917. Construction of large houses for wealthy clients was one of the principal
components of Benedict’s practice, reaching its zenith in the 1920s. The Italian
Renaissance style selected for the Cranmer residence was a favorite of the architect. Many
of the features of the house became Benedict trademarks for residential design, including
the use of quality materials in an elegant manner, elaborate ornamentation of the main
entrance as the focal point of the façade, and the inclusion of finely crafted interior
features, such as vaulted ceilings, decoratively painted wood, stone fireplaces, exterior
courtyards, and interior fountains. Benedict designed the house for George Ernest Cranmer
and his wife, Jean Louise Chappell Cranmer. Under George Cranmer’s bold and
innovative tenure as Denver manager of improvements and parks from 1935 to 1947, the
city constructed Red Rocks amphitheater, acquired the Winter Park Ski Area, built
parkways, made improvements to the channels of Cherry Creek and the South Platte River,
and developed or improved parks within the city. Jean Cranmer was a moving force in
Denver’s cultural community, serving as president of the Civic Symphony Society in 1930
and being one of three founders of the Denver Symphony Orchestra in 1934. To help
defray costs for the fledgling orchestra, visiting artists often stayed in the Cranmer home
and performed in the dwelling’s large, vaulted living room. The property is associated with
The Architecture of Jules Jacques Benois Benedict in Colorado Multiple Property
Submission. More information (PDF, 1.11 MB).
Cranmer Park / Mountain View Park
Bounded by E. 3rd Ave., Cherry St., E. 1st Ave. & Bellaire St.
National Register 9/17/1986, 5DV.5313
Formerly called Mountain View Park, Cranmer Park’s unique open design emphasizes its
high plains setting and frames exceptional views of the Rocky Mountains. The 1919 park
is the work of an unknown designer. The property is associated with the Denver Park and
Parkway System Thematic Resource.
Creswell Mansion
1244 Grant St.
National Register 11/25/1977, 5DV.184
John J. Huddart designed the 1889 sandstone house for Denver businessman Joseph
Creswell. Huddart was considered by his contemporaries to be one of the city’s finest
architects. His buildings were known for the quality of their design and construction. The
mansion, built during the middle of Huddart’s career, exemplifies his fondness for
eclecticism. In this case he skillfully combined elements of Queen Anne and Romanesque
Revival architecture. More information (PDF, 2.62 MB).
F.W. Crocker & Company Steam Cracker Factory
1860 Blake St.
National Register 6/21/1984, 5DV.2100
F.W. Crocker constructed the building in 1881 to house his cracker factory. The American
Biscuit Manufacturing Company used the steam cracker bakery beginning in 1890 and was
succeeded by the National Biscuit Company (Nabisco) which operated the bakery until
approximately 1940. The building is a good representative example of the utilitarian
architectural style applied to industrial buildings in Denver’s warehouse district in the late
19th and early 20th centuries.
Croke-Patterson-Campbell Mansion
428-430 E. 11th Ave.
National Register 9/19/1973, 5DV.172
The 1890 sandstone residence with attached carriage house is a rare example of the use of
Chateauesque style architecture in Denver. Thomas B. Croke, who gained fame as a
merchant and experimental plant breeder and later served as a state senator, commissioned
the house and lived there until he sold the property to Thomas M. Patterson in
1892. Patterson served as a territorial delegate to Congress in 1874, a U.S. Congressman in
1877-79, U.S. Senator from 1901 to 1907, and edited and published the Rocky Mountain
News until 1913. Patterson’s daughter, Margaret, married Richard C. Campbell, and the
couple lived with the Senator until 1916. Campbell became a prominent local financial
leader and worked as business manager for his father-in-law at the Rocky Mountain
News. More information (PDF, 2.33 MB).
Curry-Chucovich House
1439 Court Pl.
National Register 6/9/1978, 5DV.146
Architect Fred Hale designed the 1887-88 sandstone townhouse using elements of the
Queen Anne and Romanesque Revival styles. The townhouse is the oldest remaining
residential building in downtown Denver. The house was built for James M. Curry who
operated the Douglas County Lava Quarries in Castle Rock. Vasco L. Chucovich, a
Yugoslavian immigrant, took possession of the house in 1902. Chucovich invested in real
estate but made a substantial income from his gambling connections. He became involved
in local politics and counted Mayor Robert Speer among his close friends.
Curtis-Champa Streets District / Curtis Park Historic District
34th, Stout, Downing & Arapahoe Sts. (34th & Downing: approximately 34th at Curtis and
33rd at Champa)
National Register 4/1/1975; Boundary Increase: National Register 9/23/1983, 5DV.103
The buildings in the district reflect a wide diversity of styles and levels of sophistication in
their design. While some wood frame examples survive, most are masonry. The oldest
surviving residence dates from 1876, and the majority of the buildings were constructed
between 1885 and 1890. Examples of the Italianate, Second Empire, Romanesque,
Carpenter Gothic, Queen Anne, and Eastlake styles are among those represented. Building
types include small and large rowhouses, large single family homes, and small
cottages. Located adjacent Denver’s early urban core, the district reflects the period in
Denver’s development when a rapid increase in commercial construction resulted in the
need for new residential neighborhoods.
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Austin
Hotchkiss
Orchard City
Paonia
Ferganchick Orchard Rock Art Site
Austin vicinity
National Register 5/9/1983, 5DT.355
The site contributes to the understanding of rock art styles of the Western Archaic tradition,
in particular, the historic Ute culture of the Uncompahgre Complex.
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Cedaredge
Cedar Mesa Community Club
15637 Peach Road
State Register 6/15/2016, 5DT.2020
Following a national women’s club movement, the Cedar Mesa Community Club
organized in 1908 with fewer than ten members. After many years of holding the meetings
in the homes of its members—and as membership grew—the club raised enough money to
build a clubhouse in 1949. Since then, club members have used the clubhouse
continuously for annual social, educational, charitable, fundraising, and community
events. It is significant for its role in the local social activities of this relatively isolated
agricultural community. More information (PDF, 2.3 MB).
Cedaredge Consolidated School
360 N. Grand Mesa Dr.
State Register 9/9/1998, 5DT.118
The 1920 brick building is an early example of the consolidation of rural students within a
school equipped to offer a varied educational program. Designed by the Denver
architectural firm of Mountjoy and Frewen, it is also important as a rare local example of
the Mediterranean Revival style.
Lovett House
210 Aspen St.
State Register 6/14/1995, 5DT.1012
Associated with the exploration and settlement of the Cedaredge area, the property includes
a small log cabin which served as the first residence in the community. The 1891 Lovett
House is the longest continually occupied residence in Cedaredge and also served as the
location of the community’s first post office.
Stolte House
1812 Colo. Hwy. 65
National Register 11/17/1997, 5DT.1076
Based on a Sears Catalog plan for a wood frame residence, the 1911 two-story Stolte
House is a good local example of ornamental concrete block construction. The blocks
were molded and laid by Cedaredge mason Virgil Bouldin, while interior materials were
ordered from Sears. Listed under Ornamental Concrete Block Buildings in Colorado, 1900
to 1940 Multiple Property Submission.
Surface Creek Livestock Company Silos
315 SW 3rd St.
State Register 11/9/1994, National Register 4/27/2000, 5DT.1013
Constructed in 1916 and 1917, the three stacked lumber silos were built by Robert James,
an early settler in the Surface Creek Valley. James was recognized locally for his carpentry
skills and built the silos for the Stockham Brothers, owners and operators of the Bar I
Ranch. The unusual nine and eleven sided structures were connected with a series of
wooden walkways. The stacked lumber construction method is notable for its strength and
durability. More difficult to construct than a simple square or rectangle, the nearly round
shape of the silos distributed the outward force generated by the stored grains to more
planks of shorter length, thus increasing the overall strength of the structure.
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Crawford
Crawford School
425 Colo. Hwy. 92
State Register 11/9/1994, 5DT.502
The 1912 school replaced an earlier building destroyed by fire and served both the
educational and social needs of Crawford.
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Delta
Captain Smith’s Cabin
Escalante Rd. west of US Hwy. 50, Delta Vicinity
State Register 3/12/1997, 5DT.981
This 1911 property is an interesting and unusual example of stone construction. An on-site
sandstone formation serves as the main cabin’s south wall. A small stone guest cabin is
located to the east.
Delta County Bank Building
301-305 Main St.
National Register 6/24/1993, 5DT.364
The two-story brick and stone building features a three-story corner tower. Constructed in
1892, for the owners of the Delta County Bank, the building is an excellent local example
of the Romanesque Revival style. Located on a prominent downtown corner, banking
facilities operated on the first floor. The second floor housed law offices and Masonic
Lodge meeting rooms.
Delta National Bank (Delta City Hall)
360 Main St.
State Register 6/14/1995, 5DT.423
The former bank building is the only example in Delta of Beaux-Arts Classicism. Its
design is credited to Denver architect Merrill Hoyt. The 1910 building represents an early
example of the architect’s many contributions to Colorado’s built environment.
Delta Post Office & Federal Building
360 Meeker St.
National Register 1/24/1986, 5DT.270
Built in 1938, the simple two-story brick building, with three vertical marble panels
marking its façade, is an interesting expression of Neo-Classicism. As a major
construction project during the Depression, it serves as a reminder of the federal presence
during a period of national economic emergency. Listed under U.S. Post Offices in
Colorado Thematic Resource.
Delta Public Library
211 West 6th St.
State Register 12/13/1995, 5DT.441
The 1911 building is associated with the nationwide Carnegie public library movement and
the efforts of the Women’s Club of Delta to erect a library. It is also architecturally
significant as a good example of Neo-Classicism and is the only example of this style in
Delta. Architect G.R. Felmlee designed the original building. A sensitively designed
addition in 1984 was the work of Dona, Larson, Roubal and Associates.
Egyptian Theater
452 Main St.
National Register 7/12/1993, 5DT.431
The Depression era motion picture theatrical promotion know as "Bank Night" began in
Delta’s Egyptian Theater. Created by Charles Yaeger to stimulate lagging theater
attendance, the first Bank Night occurred at the Egyptian Theater in March of
1933. Within four years the promotion, in which cash prizes were awarded to theater
patrons, spread to movie theaters across America. A 1996 restoration project returned the
Egyptian to its 1928 appearance as designed by Denver architect Montana Fallis. Egyptian
Revival architecture experienced a brief period of popularity in the 1920s, particularly in
movie theater construction.
Fairlamb House
700 Leon St.
State Register 9/13/1995, 5DT.1047
The 1906 Fairlamb House is one of the few surviving examples of the Foursquare style in
Delta. Typical of Foursquares built in Delta, the house is a variation on the type.
First Methodist Episcopal Church of Delta
199 East 5th St.
National Register 2/20/1991, 5DT.896
The 1910 Tudor Revival style church, of tan brick manufactured by Delta Brick and Tile
Company, was designed by Samuel A. Bullard of Bullard and Bullard, an Illinois
architectural firm. The numerous stained glass windows were supplied by Midland Glass
Company of Omaha, Nebraska. The Akron Plan interior includes a three sided
mezzanine/balcony, corner chancel, curved pews, and a sloping floor meant to permit
better viewing from the rear of the sanctuary. The one-story parsonage, a 1926 Delta brick
bungalow, is also located on the property.
Garnethurst
509 Leon St.
State Register 8/12/1992, National Register 11/7/1995, 5DT.988
Garnethurst possesses the distinctive characteristics of the Queen Anne style as seen in its
asymmetrical composition, decorative shingles and projections, wrap-around porch,
decorative gable trim and elaborate vergeboards. The 1896 house is one of the largest and
most ornate Queen Anne homes in Delta.
Tru-Vu Drive In
1001 Colo. Hwy. 92
State Register 3/10/1999, 5DT.1222
Opened in 1954, this still operating drive-in movie theater is a rare surviving example of
this particular type of entertainment venue. Of the 81 drive-in theaters constructed in
Colorado between 1947 and 1976, only 12 remained in operation as of 1999. The Tru-Vu
has undergone few modifications and retains a high degree of integrity.
Walker Cabin
Escalante Rd. west of US Hwy. 50, Delta vicinity
State Register 3/12/1997, 5DT.741
The 1911 building is an example of fine stone construction reflecting the craftsmanship of
members of the Walker family who were Delta area stone masons. In spite of experiencing
some vandalism, it provides a striking contrast to the roughly finished stone buildings on
the nearby Captain Smith’s Cabin property.
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Eckert
First Presbyterian Church of Eckert
13011 Colo. Hwy. 65
National Register 1/11/2006, 5DT.1379
The First Presbyterian Church of Eckert is an excellent example of the Craftsman style as
applied to ecclesiastical architecture. Constructed in two stages between the years 19151921, the building exhibits many elements of the style, including a stone exterior,
triangular braces, exposed rafters and truss work. Few Colorado churches utilized the
Craftsman style. Both the church and the 1949 manse exhibit the skills of area craftsmen
who used locally collected basaltic rubble stone in the randomly coursed walls, as well as
the 1987 church addition. The church is the work of architect Lawrence Valk. Known to
have designed numerous churches and other buildings throughout the country, much of his
documented work is found east of the Mississippi. After moving to California in the
1890s, buildings designed by Valk and his son displayed Craftsman influences. This is
Valk’s only known Colorado commission.
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Hotchkiss
Hotchkiss Homestead
422 Riverside Dr.
National Register 12/15/2011, 5DT.1049
The Hotchkiss Homestead is important for its long association with Agriculture from 1884
to 1961. Additionally it is important for its association with Enos Throop Hotchkiss, a
noted Colorado pioneer, from 1884-1900, in the area of Exploration/Settlement. This
property helps to tell the story of the final stage of Hotchkiss’ productive life, during which
time he founded the town of Hotchkiss and established a regional ranching
tradition. Finally, it is architecturally significant for its distinctive brick barn on the
property. More information (PDF, 1.14 MB)
Hotchkiss Hotel
101 Bridge St.
National Register 9/20/1984, 5DT.505
Completed in 1897, the two-story red brick hotel was the community’s first major
commercial building. It was constructed for Enos T. Hotchkiss, who founded the town in
1885. Retail spaces are located on the first floor, and sleeping accommodations for up to
fifty guests are on the second floor.
Hotchkiss Methodist Episcopal Church
285 N. 2nd Ave.
National Register 10/28/2009, 5DT.1769
The 1925 Hotchkiss Methodist Episcopal Church is an excellent example of the Craftsman
style applied to an ecclesiastical building. The church displays the typical characteristics of
the style such as local stone, truss work, overhanging eaves with exposed rafters, and wood
shingles. Additional details – the decoratively carved bargeboards on the exterior, and the
beams and sculpted rafters on the interior – attest to the expert craftsmanship of local
builder Peter Stewart. More information (PDF, 1.10 MB).
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Orchard City
Stell House
1122 2100 Rd., Orchard City vicinity
State Register 5/16/2001, 5DT.1328
The early 1890s Stell House survives as a distinctive example of a type and method of
construction. Early settler James W. Stell and his father-in-law, John Brower, an expert
with the adz and broad axe, constructed this log house of square-hewn logs held together
by carefully hewn square notching. Despite some alterations and additions, the house
remains an impressive example of log construction, reflecting the expertise of a master
craftsman.
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Paonia
Bross Hotel
312 Onarga Ave.
National Register 11/16/2015, 5DT.534
The 1906 Bross Hotel is architecturally significant as the only two-story Late Victorian
style hotel, of its era, remaining in Paonia. It provided accommodations to Paonia visitors,
investors, fruit brokers and associates of the Westmoreland Coal Company and many
others. William T. Bross built the hotel by making about 100,000 bricks on site from the
clay excavated from the cellar. When it opened a local newspaper referred to it as Delta
County’s "only really first class hotel." During its early years numerous social and civic
meetings and events were held at the hotel. The Bross family owned and operated the hotel
into the late 1930s. It continued in operation until 1969 when it closed as a hotel for a
period. The Bross Hotel operates as a bed and breakfast. More information (PDF, 3.8MB)
Bruce Estate
1468 Colo. Hwy. 133
State Register 12/8/1993, 5DT.444
The residence was constructed between 1905 and 1912, using red bricks made on the
site. John and Sophia Bruce, early pioneers in the North Fork Valley, were first involved
in cattle raising. The family later became successful fruit growers. Located along the West
Elk Loop, a Colorado Scenic and Historic Byway, the large two-story residence features a
steeply pitched hipped roof with prominent attic dormers.
Curtis Hardware Company
228 Grand Ave.
National Register 10/19/1989, 5DT.528
The 1902 two-story brick building is an excellent local example of Late Victorian
commercial architecture with Classical Revival detailing. The second floor apartment
features a large three sided oriel window. The cast iron storefront, manufactured by Front
Builders of St. Louis, Missouri, remains intact. The first floor retail space housed the
Curtis Hardware Company until it ceased operations in 1987.
First National Bank Building
226 Grand Ave.
State Register 5/18/2005, 5DT.527
The 1903 First National Bank in Paonia is an important downtown commercial building
built of locally quarried and cut sandstone. Most of the downtown buildings display 19th
century Commercial Italianate elements in wood, while the Bank building utilizes stone
and exhibits a Romanesque Revival influence in the arch, stone piers and square cut
stone. The building is the work of prominent local stonemasons Al Hurst and Sege
Stratton. The Bank is their only known intact commercial work in town, others having
been modified extensively. The stonemasons exhibited clearly identifiable ability and
skill. More information (PDF, 666 kb).
Mathews House
40467 Mathews Ln.
National Register 10/6/2004, 5DT.1533
An excellent example of the architecture of the Late Victorian period, the 1897-1901
Mathews House is the most intact Queen Anne-style house in the Paonia area, as well as
one of the largest and most ornate. The house displays elements typical of the style,
including asymmetrical massing, a turreted porch, a bay window, decorative brackets and
vergeboard, the use of stone and brick, and decorative shingles. Fine craftsmanship and
detail are evident throughout the house, on both the exterior and interior. The house also
retains its original outbuildings associated with the property’s fruit orchard history,
including a barn, a caretaker’s cottage, a shop and a privy. More information (PDF, 827
kb).
Paonia First Christian Church
235 Box Elder Ave.
National Register 4/27/2011, 5DT.1375
The Paonia First Christian Church is an excellent example of Romanesque style church as
interpreted by local craftsmen. The building, along with several other churches, is in the
heart of the residential area of Paonia, which has a long-standing religious identity marked
by the high density of churches in the small town. The building is constructed of regularly
coursed, rusticated sandstone with distinctive architectural features such as the round,
three-story, crenellated tower with a graduated buttress.
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Cahone
Ansel Hall Ruin
Cahone vicinity
National Register 11/15/1997, 5DL.27
The site, a loose cluster of individual habitation units surrounding several community
structures, is believed to have been built and occupied between AD 1050 and 1150. As one
of the few "pure" large Pueblo II sites in Southwestern Colorado, it is important as a
representation of the broad patterns of Mesa Verde Anasazi cultural change. Listed under
Great Pueblo Period of the McElmo Drainage Unit, AD 1075-1300, Multiple Property
Submission.
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Dove Creek
Beaver Creek Massacre Site
San Juan National Forest, east of Dove Creek
National Register 10/2/1986, 5DL.1216
The site is significant in the history of southwestern Colorado. In June 1885, it was the site
of a "battle" between white settlers and a group of Ute Indians.
Brewer Archaeological District
Dove Creek vicinity
State Register 8/11/1999, 5DL.578
The district consists of two large, sequentially occupied prehistoric habitation sites and is
likely to yield important information in the areas of Community Planning, Social History,
and Ethnic Heritage. Brewer Mesa Pueblo is a good example of an 11th century mesa-top
village, and Brewer Canyon Pueblo is an excellent example of a large 13th century canyon
head village.
P.R. Butt & Sons Building
101 W. US Hwy. 491
State Register 6/11/2003, 5DL.2126
Constructed in 1914 and associated with the early settlement of Dove Creek, most locals
agree that this was the second building to be constructed in town. The property is also
associated with the commercial development of Dove Creek and is the town’s oldest extant
commercial building. P. R. Butt & Sons acquired the property in 1918, operating a general
merchandise store in the building until 1940. More information (PDF, 52 kb).
Glade Ranger Station
Dove Creek vicinity
State Register 8/8/2001, 5DL.1792
Pre-dating 1910, the station is one of the oldest U.S. Forest Service administrative sites in
Colorado. Extensively remodeled by the Civilian Conservation Corps during 1935-36, the
station was part of the campaign of natural resources enhancement undertaken during the
New Deal era. The five wood frame buildings comprising the station reflect the Forest
Service’s ideals of simplicity, harmony with nature, and use of natural materials. More
information (PDF, 48 kb).
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Rico
Dey Building
3 N. Glasgow
National Register 4/15/1999, 5DL.479
The second floor of this Two-Part Commercial Block was designed to house offices. Since
its construction in 1892, the first floor retail space has been utilized almost continuously as
a saloon. Of the approximately half dozen masonry commercial buildings constructed in
Rico during the last decade of the 19th century, the Dey Building is the only example of the
Romanesque Revival style.
Dolores County Courthouse (Rico Town Hall)
Commercial & Mantz Sts.
National Register 12/31/1974, 5DL.423
This two-story light red brick building, with a raised basement, was constructed in
1892. Red sandstone was used at the basement level and for window detailing.
William Kauffman House
Silver St., off Mantz Ave.
National Register 10/29/1982, 5DL.227
Built circa 1891, this two-story brick house is the town’s only masonry residence. The
Kauffman family lived in the house until 1915.
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