Download Subkingdom PHANEROGAM IA (SPER

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PATAGONIAN
E X P E D I T I O N S '.
BOTANY.
Subkingdom P H A N E R O G A M IA (SPERMATOPHYTA). Flowering or Seedbearing Plants.
The sexual generation is so far reduced as to be apparently obsolete;
the non-sexual generation, or sporophyte, is advanced, heterosporous,
with conspicuous secondary sexual characters which constitute flowers ;
the female sporophyls bear carpellary leaves, ultimately supporting seeds
which contain the embryo ; the male sporophyls form stamens and bear
pollen.
Section 1. GYMNOSPERM^E.
Trees or shrubs with unisexual flowers, in which the germinating pollen
forms prothallium-cells, one of these in each pollen-grain developing into
a siphonal antheridium ; the scale-like ovuliferous carpels not developing
into a closed ovary around the seeds.
Class I.
CONIFERS.
Stems branched, without ducts in the wood, but usually with some resiniferous canals. Leaves simple, mostly small or needle-formed.
Flowers
naked, mostly in cones, the staminal in catkins.
Family 1. PINACE^E.
Pines and Firs.
With regular cones having seeds inserted between their scales. Seedcoats leathery or woody or bony. No outer integument (arillus).
Leaves spirally arranged. Seeds usually inverted.
Section Araucarinese has the carpels single (no division into cover and
fruiting scale; but sometimes a tooth-like scale on the inside). Seed only
one in each carpel, inserted on its center and inverted.
ARAUCARIA Juss.
Chilian-pine.
Cones terminal, on normally or abnormally-leaved short shoots ; the
male cones cylindric-conical, large, stamens very numerous, pollen-sacs
linear, 8-15 in a close ring. Fertile cones globular, ultimately breaking up.