Download Quiz 6 (3/25) ch 9

Astro 10/Harpell
Quiz 5
For Questions 1 – 5, Complete the following sentences using the letter for the correct terms from the list
below:
a. differentiation
b. lithosphere
c. Mantle
d. radioactive decay
e. accretion
1. From center outwards, surface, the interior layers of a terrestrial world are Core, ____c______,
and crust.
2. When the terrestrial worlds underwent ___a_______ their interiors were molten, and denser
materials sank toward their centers displacing lighter materials toward their surfaces.
3. A terrestrial world's ________b______is a layer of relatively strong, rigid rock, encompassing the
crust and part of the mantle
4. The major processes that heat the interiors of the terrestrial worlds are heat deposited as the planets
were built from planetesimals; heat deposited as the planets underwent differentiation; heat
released by ______d_______
Note that you can use choices more than once!
a. Charged particles
b. neutrons
c. convection
d. molten
e. diffusion
5. An example of _____c______ is warm air expanding and rising while cooler air contracts and
falls.
6. In order for a terrestrial world to have a global magnetic field it must have a core layer of
______d____ convecting material and sufficiently rapid rotation.
7. In general, magnetized materials (such as iron) and ______a______ are affected by a magnetic
field.
8. The interior of a planet releases its heat to space by _______c______ , radiation, and conduction.
Note that you can use choices more than once!
a. condensation
b. viscosity
c. stratovolcano
d. outgassing
e. shield volcano
Note: you can use the same choice more than once!
9. In the context of planetary geology, the term ______d___ refers to the release by volcanism of
gases that had been trapped in a planetary interior
10. Olympus Mons is a huge_____e_____ on Mars, nearly 2.5 times as the tallest mountain on Earth.
11. Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa are the two largest _____e_______ (s) on Earth.
12. The steep sided active volcano Arenal in Costa Rica is an example of a ____c_______
13. The steepness of a volcano is due in large part to the _____b________ of the magma produced in
the eruption.
a. regolith, impacts
c. canali, false
e. scarps, shrank
b. centrifugal, outwards
d. billion,, Repaving
14. ________c_______ shown in drawings from the late 1800s by Giovanni Schiaparelli and later
mapped by Percival Lowell provide ________ evidence of the existence of water that Mars once
had abundant liquid water on its surface?
15. The layer of "powdery soil" on the Moons surface known as _____a______ is the result of
countless _____________ by objects over the last 4 billion years.
16. long tall cliffs known as “______e_________ “ provide evidence the interior of Mercury once
__________by some 20 kilometers in radius?
17. Based on its surface features, the most important event on Venus in the past ____d___ years was a
global "_____________" that erased essentially all the surface features that had existed earlier.
a. 30, 10 million
c. 1027, 103
e. 2,2
b. 5.5, 3.5
d. hella, kilo
18. Approximately _________a___ reversals have occurred in the Earth’s magnetic field over the last
__________ years, coinciding with the evolutionary development of apes to humans. The next one
is unlikely to occur in 2012 or cause the demise of humanity, however.
19. The Density of the Earth is about _____b_____ gms/cm3, compared with that of the Moon which
about ________ gm/cm3, about the same as the Earth’s mantle.
20. The mass of the Earth is approximately 6 x _____c_____ grams , while the diameter of the earth is
about 8 x ________ kilometers .
21. The unit of mass in the previous problem is known (here in northern California, anyway) as
_______d____, while the unit describing one thousand is known as a __________.
22. the diameter of the Earth is about ______2_____ greater than that of Mars, so Mars cools off at a
rate that is about _________ times faster than the earth cools. This is same as the ratio of Surface
area to volumes for the two planets.
a. Iron, pressure
b. Hawaii, hot spot
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c. 10 , 10
d. silicates, metals
e. Maria, Terra
23. the lunar _____e_________ are relatively smooth, flat plains on the Moon, while the lunar
______________ are the heavily cratered “highlands” on the Moon.
24. _______b______is the result of volcanoes erupting over a __________in the mantle as the
tectonic plates continue moving.
25. The composition of the Earth’s Lithosphere is primarily ______d_____ and low density
__________
26. The Core of the Earth is solid ____a_________ even though it is hotter there then in the liquid
outer core, made of the same material. This is due to the fact that __________ increases with
depth