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CELLS CELL THEORY Living organisms are composed of one or more cells Cells are the smallest unit of life Cells come from other cells ALL CELLS HAVE TWO BASIC CELL TYPES Plasma membrane – Outer layer Cytoplasm – Watery stuff inside Ribosomes – Make proteins DNA – Genetic material Thinking Map ANIMAL CELL Prokaryotic cell vs. Eukaryotic cell 1 NUCLEUS Contains DNA Nuclear envelope: membrane with holes in it Nucleolus: where ribosomes are made ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER) Rough ER – makes proteins Smooth ER – makes lipids GOLGI APPARATUS Package, finish, and sort materials from ER MITOCHONDRIA ATP is made here during the breakdown of food. 2 Plant Cells and Animal Cells PLANT CELLS They both have: CHLOROPLASTS Where photosynthesis happens Thinking Map Animal cell vs. Plant cell 3