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WORLD CLIMATES WHAT AFFECTS CLIMATE? Hawaii is one of the sunniest places on Earth with very warm temperatures. So why is it that there is snow on Mauna Kea? Mauna Kea is higher than 13,000 feet. Snow falls at altitudes higher than 9,000 in Hawaii. Factors affecting climate: Direct sunlight Wind Water/Ocean Elevation Currents 5 MAJOR WORLD CLIMATES There are 5 different categories of climate, most with subcategories: TROPICAL DRY TEMPERATE POLAR HIGHLAND TROPICAL CLIMATES HUMID TROPICAL Located near the Equator Temperatures Damp greater than 80 degrees air—daily rain showers MONSOONS Seasonal year winds that bring rainy weather for part of the India Rainforests 50,000 Brazil + plant and animal species TROPICAL CLIMATES (continued) Tropical Savanna Located further away from the Equator Temperatures greater than 90 degrees Long dry seasons, followed by short rain seasons Savanna – areas of tall grasses and scattered trees and shrubs DRY CLIMATES Very little rainfall Desert Climate Less than10 inches of rain annually High daytime temps., low temps at night Very few plants and animals Steppe Climate Semidry A grasslands little more rain than deserts Grasses, some shrubs and trees TEMPERATE CLIMATES Temperate means “moderate” or “mild” Temperate climates experience seasonal change “Middle Latitudes” between 30 and 60 degrees Warm summers Cold winters Most of the United States is in a temperate climate TEMPERATE CLIMATES (continued) Mediterranean Climate Found near the Mediterranean Sea Hot, dry, sunny summers Mild winters Found in coastal areas Humid Subtropical Climate Eastern Coastal areas Close to the tropics (Florida is an example) Hot and muggy summers Mild winters with little to no snow Storms such as Hurricanes TEMPERATE CLIMATES (continued) Marine West Coast Climate West coasts of North America and Europe Moist air Summers are warm and sunny Winters are foggy, cloudy and rainy Humid Continental Climate Upper-middle latitudes Experience all 4 seasons MICHIGAN!!!! Short and hot summers Mild Spring and Fall Wet, snowy winters POLAR CLIMATES Higher Latitudes (near to the poles) Subarctic Extreme cold winters Short cool summers Tundra Cold all year Little rain Permafrost Ice Cap Freezing No cold snow and ice rain No vegetation HIGHLAND CLIMATE Includes polar and other climates High elevations The higher you go, the lower the temperature This is why there is snow in Hawaii
