Download Overview of East Africa

Overview of East
Africa
Finpro – Nairobi Trade Center
03/16/2011
Introduction
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East Africa is the easterly region
of the African continent and refers
to the area comprising the
countries of Kenya, Tanzania,
Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi
who have formed an
intergovernmental organization
called the East African
Community (EAC)
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The geography of East Africa
comprises of the Great Rift Valley,
East Africa is the site of Mount
Kilimanjaro and Mount Kenya, the
two tallest peaks in Africa. It also
includes the world's second
largest freshwater lake Lake
Victoria, and the world's second
deepest lake Lake Tanganyika.
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KENYA- Largest East African economy
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Kenya is the most industrialised country in East Africa and the regional hub for
trade and finance. Agriculture employs 80% of the population and accounts for
50% of all exports and 25% of the GDP.
2. Country Profile
• Population: 40 046 566 (2010)
• Capital: Nairobi
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Area: 582,650 km²
• Language: Kiswahili, English
• Coastline: 536 km
• Terrain: Low plains rise to central highlands bisected by Great Rift Valley; fertile
plateau in west
• Climate: varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior; two rainy seasons
(March to May, October to December)
• Inflation rate: 5.42% (2010 est.)
• GDP (PPP) per capita : US$1,600 (2010 est.)
• Agricultural Products: tea, coffee, corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruit, vegetables;
dairy products, beef, pork, poultry, eggs
• Major exports 2008: horticultural products, tea, coffee, fish & fish preparations
• Leading markets 2009: Uganda, UK, USA, Netherlands, China
• Leading suppliers 2009: United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, South Africa,
USA, China
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TANZANIA- 2nd largest East African Economy
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The economy depends heavily on agriculture, which accounts for more than one-fourth of GDP,
provides 85% of exports, and employs about 60% of the work force.
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Country Profile
Population: 41,892,895 ( July 2010 est.)
Capital: Dar es Salaam (commercial) Dodoma (official)
Area: 947,300 sq km
Language: English, Swahili or Kiunguja and Arabic (widely spoken in Zanzibar)
Coastline: 1,424 km
Terrain: plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south
Climate: varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands; there are two rainy seasons
Currency: Tanzanian Shilling (TZS)
Inflation rate: 7.2% (2010 est.)
GDP (PPP) per capita: $1,500 (2010 est.)
Agricultural Products: coffee, sisal, tea, cotton, pyrethrum, cashew nuts, tobacco, cloves, corn,
wheat, cassava (tapioca), bananas, fruits, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats
Major exports 2009: gold, coffee, cashew nuts, manufactures, cotton
Leading markets 2009: India, China, Japan, Netherlands, UAE, Germany
Leading suppliers 2009: India, China, South Africa, Kenya , UAE, Japan
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UGANDA-3rd largest East African Economy
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Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over 80% of the work
force.
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Country Profile
Population: 33,398,682 ( July 2010 est.)
Capital: Kampala
Area: 241,038 sq km
Language: English (Official), Lunganda, Swahili and Arabic
Coastline: Landlocked
Terrain: mostly plateau with rim of mountains
Climate: tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to
August); semiarid in northeast
Currency: Ugandan Shilling (UGX)
Inflation rate: 9.4% (2010 est)
GDP (PPP) per capita: US$ 1,200
Agricultural Products: coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco, cassava (tapioca), potatoes, corn,
millet, pulses, cut flowers; beef, goat meat, milk, poultry
Major exports 2009: horticultural products, tea, coffee, fish & fish products, flowers, cotton,
gold
Major imports 2009: capital equipment, vehicles, petroleum, medical supplies; cereals
Leading markets 2009: Sudan, Kenya, UAE, Rwanda, Switzerland, Democratic Republic of
the Congo, Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Italy
Leading suppliers 2009: Kenya, India, UAE, China, South Africa, France, Japan, US
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RWANDA
1. Rwanda has made substantial progress in stabilizing and rehabilitating its economy to pre1994 levels. However, despite Rwanda's fertile ecosystem, food production often does not
keep pace with demand, requiring food imports.
2. Country Profile
Population: 11,055,976 ( July 2010 est)
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Capital: Kigali
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Area: 26,338 sq km
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Language: Kinyarwanda, French and English (official), Swahili used in commercial centers
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Coastline: Landlocked
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Terrain: mostly grassy uplands and hills; relief is mountainous with altitude declining from
west to east
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Climate: temperate; two rainy seasons (February to April, November to January)
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Currency: Rwanda Franc
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Inflation rate: 6.4% (2010 est.)
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GDP (PPP) per capita: $1,100 (2010 est)
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Agricultural Products: coffee, tea, pyrethrum, bananas, beans, sorghum, potatoes;
livestock
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Major exports 2009: coffee, tea, hides, tin ore
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Major imports 2009: foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, steel, petroleum products,
cement and construction material
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Leading markets 2009: Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Thailand, China, US,
Swaziland, Belgium
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Leading suppliers 2009: Kenya, Uganda, China, UAE, Belgium, Germany, Tanzania,
Sweden
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BURUNDI
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The economy is predominantly agricultural which accounts for about 35% of GDP and
employs more than 90% of the population.
Country Profile
Population: 9,863,117 (July 2010 est)
Capital: Bujumbura
Area: 27,830 sq km
Coastline: Landlocked
Terrain: hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains
Climate: equatorial; two wet seasons (February to May and September to November), and
two dry seasons (June to August and December to January)
Language: Kirundi, French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura
area)
Currency: Burundi Franc
Inflation rate: 7.2% (2010 est.)
GDP (PPP) per capita: US$300 (2010 est.)
Agricultural Products: coffee, tea, pyrethrum, bananas, beans, sorghum, potatoes;
livestock
Major exports 2009: coffee, tea, sugar, cotton, hides
Major imports 2009: capital goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs
Leading markets Leading markets2009: Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, Sweden,
Pakistan
Leading suppliers 2009: Saudi Arabia, Belgium, Uganda, Kenya, China, France, Germany,
India, Tanzania
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East Africa’s future outlook
• The East African Community could double in size in three years
as Southern Sudan express interest in joining the block. Its
joining EAC would bring a sizeable chunk into the block,
economically, socially and geographically.
• Monetary Union within the member states; consultations on the
same commenced in 2009. Monetary Union will ease the
process of financial settlement in the region.
• Infrastructure development is currently underway with plans to
connect all the landlocked East African countries to the port of
Mombasa by an efficient rail network.
• Modernization of the port of Mombasa will speed the pace of
import and export
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