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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
1. Identify each of the following as alkane, alkene, alkyne, or aromatic hydrocarbon. Indicate for
each whether it is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon.
a) H ─ C = C ─ H
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CH3 CH3
d) C6H6
g) C2H2
b) C12H26
H H H H
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e) H─C─C─C─C─H
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H H H H
h) C4H8
c) C5H8
f) propane
i)
─CH3
2. Draw and name 3 isomers of C5H12.
3. Label at least 3 functional groups on the following molecule:
4. Name the following alkane:
CH3
CH2  CH3
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CH  CH2  C  CH  CH2
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CH2  CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
5. Explain what is wrong with each of the following names of alkanes:
a) 3-methylbutane
b) 1,3-dimethylpentane
c) 2-dimethylbutane
d) 2-ethylpropane
6. Draw the structure of
a) hexane
b) methyl alcohol
c) formic acid
d) 1-butyne
e) a carboxylic acid with 4 carbon atoms f) an amine with 5 hydrogen atoms
7. Draw an isomer of 6e above and indicate what type of functional groups are in the compound.
8. Draw and name the ester formed by the reaction of propyl alcohol and acetic acid.
9. For each of the following polymers, indicate the type of polymer and draw the monomer(s)
from which the polymers are made.
H H H H H H H
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a) ─ C ─ C ─ C ─ C ─ C ─ C ─ C ─
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H O H O H O H
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CH3
CH3
CH3
b)
O O
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─O─C─C─O─
c)
O
O
O
O
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−C−CH−NH−C−CH−NH−C−CH−NH−C−
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CH3
CH3
CH3
O O
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─O─C─C─O─
O O
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─O─C─C─O─
10. For each of the following fatty acids, indicate whether it is saturated or unsaturated. If it is
unsaturated, indicate how many carbon-carbon double bonds it contains:
a) C13H23COOH
b) C13H27COOH
11. Draw the structure of 2,2,5-trimethyl-3,4-diethyl-4 propylheptane
12. Sketch a section of the polymer formed from the following monomer (include at least 3
monomers):
CH3
O
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H  O  CH2  CH  CH2  C  O  H
Summary of Chapter 22: Organic Chemistry
properties of organic compounds
saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons
alkanes, alkenes, alkynes
name alkanes
prefixes for 1-10 carbons
draw structures
structural isomers
aromatic hydrocarbons
functional groups
alcohols
carboxylic acids
formic acid, acetic acid
amines
esters
amides
condensation reactions (formation of esters
and amides)
addition polymers
condensation polymers
polyesters and polyamides
homopolymers & copolymers
draw monomer from polymer and vice versa
amino acids
saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
ANSWERS
c)
1. a) alkene, unsaturated
aromatic, unsaturated
unsaturated
b) alkane, saturated
alkane, saturated
unsaturated
c) alkyne, unsaturated
alkane, saturated
unsaturated
d)
g) alkyne,
d)
e)
h) alkene,
e)
f)
f)
i) aromatic,
2.
pentane
methylbutane
2-
7.
(carboxylic acid)
(ester)
(ester)
2,2dimethylpropane
3.
8.
9. a) addition polymer;
4. 4-ethyl-3,4,6-trimethyloctane
5. a) should be 2-methylbutane; counting
from wrong end.
b) should be 3-methylhexane; you can’t
have 1-methyl anything
c) needs 2 numbers if its “di”-methyl
d) should be 2-methylbutane; longest
chain is 4 carbons, not 3 carbons; 2-ethyl
is impossible.
6. a)
b)
b) condensation polymer, polyester,
copolymer
c) condensation polymer, polyamide,
homopolymer; polypeptide (polyalanine)
10. a) unsaturated, 2 double bonds (see 10
b)
b) saturated (2n + 1 H’s)
11.
CH3 CH3
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CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3
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CH3  C  CH  C  CH 
CH2  CH3
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CH3
CH2CH2CH3
12.
O
O
CH3
CH3
O
O
CH3
CH3
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OCH2CHCH2COCH2CHCH
2COCH2CHCH2COCH2CH
CH2C