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Download Red bone marrow in adults
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Musculo‐skeletal system • Skeleton • Joints • Muscles Bones • Several different functions – Support – Levers – Protection – Red bone marrow – Storage of potasium and phosphate [email protected] Red bone marrow in adults Different types of bones 1 Joints Structure of bones Periost Compact bone Trabecular Epifys Metafys Diafys Medullary cavity Cartilage Synovial joint • Hyaline cartilage • Fibrocartilage • Elastic cartilage Synovial membrane Synovial cavity Articular cartilage Articular capsule 2 Different types of joints Os frontale Os zygomaticum Os maxilla Os mandibula Os frontale Os parietale Clavicula Scapula Humerus Radius Ulna Ossa carpi Os occipitale Os temporale Ossa metacarpi phalanges (Ossa digitorum) 3 Vertebrae Cervicales CI-CVII Proc. spinosus Manubrium sterni Sternum Proc. xiphoideus Vertebrae Thoracicae TI-TXII Cartilagines costales Vertebrae Lumbales LI-LV Fovea Costalis Foramen Intervertebrale Discus Intervetebralis Os Sacrum Vertebrae Sacrales SI -SV Os Coccygis The vertebrae Processus spinosus Processus transversus Disc herniation Annulus fibrosus nucleus pulposus Arcus Vertebrae Canalis vertebralis Corpus vertebrae 4 The hip (os coxae) Ileum Crista Iliaca Pubis The leg • • • • Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Ischium Symfysis pubis Muscles • 30‐45% of body mass • Skeletal, heart and smooth • Connects with tendons • Often spans a joint Skeletal muscle • Striated • Muscle belly usually proximal to movement • Many nuclei 5 Smooth muscles Heart muscle • No conscious control • No conscious control • Found in blood vessels, and GI tract • Electrically coupled via gap junctions Different types of movements – Different muscle functions • Agonist • Antagonist • Synergist – Movements • • • • Flexion – extension Abduction – adduction Rotation Supination ‐ pronation 6 Corpus sterni Diaphragma Diaphragma Costa X • M. Erector spinae Mm. Intercostales interni Corpus sterni Mm. Intercostales externi Hilus aorticus M. Scalenus Mm. Intercostales externi Cartilagines Costales m. trapetzius m. Spinalis cervicis m. Spinalis thoracis Manubrium sterni m. deltoideus m. Longissimus m. trapetzius m. latissimus dorsi m. Ilicostalis lumborum m. gluteus maximus 7 Caput mediale Caput laterale M. Pectoralis major Mbb. Caput longum Caput breve M. triceps brachii Corpus sterni Rectus abdominis M. biceps brachii M. brachialis m. Iliopsoas Caput longum v m. Gluteus maximus Abductor muscles Adductor muscles Quadriceps femoris Hamstring 8 m. soleus m. Gastrocnemius 9
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