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Unit II: Learning--Chapter 8 Unit Learning Targets and Key Vocabulary Learning Objectives: 1. I can distinguish general differences between principles of classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observational learning. (College Board Standards VIA, B, and E) 2. I can describe basic classical conditioning phenomena, such as acquisition, extinction, spontaneous recovery, generalization, discrimination and high-order learning. (VI A, B & E) 3. I can predict the effects of operant conditioning (e.g., positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, schedules of reinforcement). (VIB) 4. I can predict how practice, schedules of reinforcement, and motivation will influence quality of learning. (VIB) 5. I can interpret graphs that exhibit the results of learning experiments. (VI A-E) 6. I can provide examples of how biological constraints create learning predispositions. (VI D) 7. I can describe the essential characteristics of insight learning, latent learning, and social learning. (VI D & E) 8. I can apply learning principles to explain emotional learning, taste aversion, superstitious behavior, and learned helplessness. (VI A-E) 9. I can suggest how behavior modification, biofeedback, coping strategies, and self control can be used to address behavioral problems. (VI B-E) 10. I can identify key contributors in the psychology of learning (e.g. Albert Bandura, John Garcia, Ivan Pavlov, Robert Rescorla, B.F. Skinner, Edward Thorndike, Edward Tolman, John B. Watson). (VI A-E) Unit Vocabulary: Learning Classical Conditioning Ivan Pavlov Unconditioned response Unconditioned stimulus Neutral stimulus Conditioned stimulus Conditioned response Acquisition Extinction Spontaneous recovery Generalization Discrimination Robert Rescora John Garcia’s study John Watson Rosalie Rayner Little Albert Operant conditioning Respondent behavior Operant behavior Skinner box Edward Thorndike Law of effect Shaping Primary reinforcers Secondary reinforcers Intermittent reinforcement schedules Fixed ratio schedule Fixed interval schedule Variable ratio schedule Variable interval schedule Continuous reinforcement Positive reinforcement Negative reinforcement Punishment Cognitive map Latent learning Edward Tolman Social learning Observational learning Modeling Albert Bandura Bobo doll experiment Behavior modification Token economy