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BACTERIA AS MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS Edited by JAMES A. SHAPIRO & MARTIN DWORKIN New York Oxford Oxford University Press 1997 Contents Contributors I. Conceptual Developments 1. Multiculturism versus the single microbe M. Dworkin 2. Multicellularity: the rule, not the exception: Lessons from Escherichia coli colonies JA. Shapiro xi 3 14 II. Intercellular Communication 3. Pheromone-inducible conjugation in Enterococcus faecalis: Mating interactions mediated by chemical signals and direct contact R.E. Ruhfel, BA.B. Leonard, & G.M. Dunny 4. iV-acyl-L-homoserine lactone autoinducers in bacteria: Unity and diversity P.V. Dunlap 53 69 III. Multicellular Life Styles 5. Cyanobacteria D.G. Adams 109 x Contents 6. Mycelial life style of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) and its relatives K.F. Chater & R. Losick 149 7. Proteus mirabilis and other swarming bacteria R. Betas 183 8. Myxobacterial multicellularity L.J. Shimkets & M. Dworkin 220 9. Oral Microbiology and Coaggregation P.E. Kolenbrander 245 IV. Examining Multicellular Populations 10. Flow cytometry: Useful tool for analyzing bacterial populations cell by cell B. Hauer & H. Eipel 11. In situ analyses of microbial populations with molecular probes: Phylogenetic dimension N.K. Fry, L. Raskin, R. Sharp, E.W. Aim, B.K. Mobarry, & DA. Stahl 273 292 V. Physical View of Bacterial Multicellularity 12. Physical and genetic consequences of multicellularity in Bacillus subtilis N.H. Mendelson, B. Salhi, & C. Li 339 13. Formation of colony patterns by a bacterial cell population M. Matsushita 366 14. Cooperative formation of bacterial patterns E. Ben-Jacob & I. Cohen 394 15. Collective behavior and dynamics of swimming bacteria J.O. Kessler & M. F. Wojciechowski 417 Index 451