Download Standards Objective I will identify what the Cold War was, why it

WARM UP: WHAT WERE SOME REASONS A RIFT WAS
CREATED BET WEEN THE UNITED STATES AND SOVIET
UNION. READ THE INTRODUCTION WHEN FINISHED
Standards
Objective
10.9.1 - Compare the
economic and military
power shifts caused by the
war, including the Yalta
Pact, the development of
nuclear weapons, Soviet
control over Eastern
European nations, and the
economic recoveries of
Germany and Japan.
¡ I will identify what the
Cold War was, why it
started and how the UN
plays a role in fueling
the Cold War.
PICTURES AND READINGS
¡  Take your notebook and a pencil.
¡  Find a partner in class. (be SMART about this partner, too
much fooling around will result in a split)
¡  You will walk around with the tables, sit down and answer
the question
§  YES, you need to write down the questions!
§ DO NOT TAKE THE READING OFF THE TABLE.
§  There are 4 different pictures you need to answer (A-D)
¡  Placard A will be paired with Questions A1 + A2
§  Letter1 will usually come from the photography.
§  Letter2 will come from the reading.
¡  You may write on the reading (it is for you to keep)
¡  Answer in complete sentences!
WARM UP: REVIEW YOUR
HOMEWORK.
Standards
10.9.1 - Compare the economic
and militar y power shif ts caused
by the war, including the Yalta
Pact, the development of nuclear
weapons, Soviet control over
Eastern European nations, and the
economic recoveries of Germany
and Japan.
Objective
I will analyze each event
of the Cold War and
predict what upcoming
events may occur.
7 MINUTE POP QUIZ!
Turn in quiz up front, face down. Grab a
vocabulary sheet.
When finished,
work on
vocabular y
sheet.
REVIEW HOMEWORK
VOCABULARY
A superpower is
¡  A. one of a very few extremely powerful and dominant nations.
¡  B. an explosive device that derives its destructive force from
nuclear reactions.
¡  C. a comic character dedicated to protecting the public.
¡  D. one of the three nations on the Indochinese peninsula.
VOCABULARY
The United Nations is
¡  A. the first international organization, founded after World
War I, that was designed to maintain world peace.
¡  B. the defense alliance, formed by the Soviet Union, which
included the nations of Eastern Europe.
¡  C. an international organization founded in 1945 to promote
peace, security, and cooperation among nations.
¡  D. the competition over weaponry that stoked fears of nuclear
war between the United States and the Soviet Union.
VOCABULARY
The Cold War was
¡  A. the conflict between North and South Korea in the early
1950s.
¡  B. the struggle between communist and noncommunist forces
in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia in the 1960s and 1970s.
¡  C. a long period of frigid temperatures on Earth’s surface,
resulting in the vast expansion of glaciers and ice sheets.
¡  D. the struggle for power between the United States and the
Soviet Union in the decades after World War II.
VOCABULARY
The Iron Curtain was
¡  A. the wall built to separate Soviet-controlled East Berlin from
the Allied-controlled western part of the city.
¡  B. the nickname given to British Prime Minister Margaret
Thatcher because of her opposition to communism.
¡  C. the ideological barrier that divided Eastern and Western
Europe during the Cold War.
¡  D. the idea that a country will not risk war if it faces the
prospect of certain destruction.
VOCABULARY
Containment was the U.S. policy of
¡  A. reducing tensions with the
Soviet Union.
¡  B. trying to restrict Soviet power
around the world by preventing
the spread of communism.
¡  C. reducing central planning and
adopting some limited freemarket policies in light industry
and services.
¡  D. cutting West Berlin off from
all supplies brought in by land.
VOCABULARY
¡  The Marshall Plan was
¡  A. a Soviet plan to starve Berlin into
submission and force the Allies to
retract their plans for a new West
German state.
¡  B. a mutual defense alliance which
included the United States, Canada, and
Western European nations.
¡  C. the competition between the
superpowers over advances in space
technology.
¡  D. a U.S. aid plan designed to promote
economic recovery in Europe after World
War II.
VOCABULARY
NATO is
¡  A. the financial aid plan to assist postwar recovery in Western
Europe.
¡  B. a mutual defense pact formed by Western nations in 1949.
¡  C. the international organization founded in 1945 to promote
peace, security, and cooperation among all nations.
¡  D. the defense alliance formed by the Soviet Union in 1955.
VOCABULARY
The Warsaw Pact was
¡  A. the agreement made at Yalta by
Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill.
¡  B. a 1955 defense pact between the
USSR and Eastern European
nations.
¡  C. a U.S. policy attempting to check
the spread of communism.
¡  D. a $13 billion aid package
designed to help economic recovery
in Western Europe after World War
II.
VOCABULARY
An arms race is
¡  A. a mutual defense pact formed by the United States,
Canada, and Western European nations.
¡  B. the struggle for power between the United States and the
Soviet Union in the decades after World War II.
¡  C. an aid plan, financed by the United States, to assist postwar
recovery in Europe.
¡  D. a competition between nations to achieve weapons
superiority.
AFTERMATH OF WORLD WAR 2 TO THE
CAUSES OF THE COLD WAR
United States
¡  Capitalistic society
¡  Democratic government
¡  Pro-Human Rights
¡  Wanted Recovery after
World War 2
§  Afraid of the spread of
communism
¡  Wanted to protect
democracy around the world
¡  Angry that Stalin had the
non aggression pact of
1939
USSR
¡  Communist society
¡  Totalitarian Government
¡  No personal freedom (public
or private)
¡  Focused on Reparations
from Germany
¡  Wanted buffer states to
protect from future
invasions
¡  Angry at the US and Britain
for trying to stop the 1918
Russian Revolution
THE COLD WAR BEGINS
¡  Stalin builds a buffer between the Soviet Union and Western
Europe
§  Ignores the Yalta agreement and takes Albania, Bulgaria,
Czechoslovakia, Romania, Poland, and Yugoslavia.
§  Truman wants Stalin to have free elections in Eastern Europe, Stalin
refuses.
¡  Stalin does not believe communism and capitalism can
coexist in the same world
¡  With German split into two, the Soviet “Iron Curtain” covered
most of Eastern Europe
§  This would separate communist countries from western Democratic
ones.
§  Fun Fact! – East Germany was known as the German Democratic
Republic while the Western part was known the Federal Republic of
Germany
THE IRON CURTAIN
CONTAIN! CONTAIN! CONTAIN!
¡  United States begin a new foreign policy called containment.
§  This was to block Soviet influence and stop the expansion of
communism.
§  The US would form new alliances to help prevent the spread of
communism
§  Help weaker countries defend against the Soviets and the communist
ideas
§  Containment was not to end communism, but rather to contain it to
where it already had been
¡  Truman Doctrine
§  A document that would support those countries who opposed
communism
§  This would be worldwide, not just in Europe
§  It would provide money to those who were threatened by Communist
expansion
EAST VS. WEST
¡  The Marshall Plan (also known as the European Recovery
Program)
§  Secretary of State Marshall wanted to help Western Europe out
after World War 2.
§  This would provide economic relief in the form of food, machinery,
and other materials to help rebuild
§  This was the belief the Communism was spread because of lack of
money
¡  Soviets saw the Marshall Plan as a cheap way to get
countries to join them
§  Believed that the US was going to exploit them through the loan
§  As a counterattack, the Soviets roll out the COMECON (Council for
Mutual Assistance) but this fails due to lack of money
BERLIN!
¡  The Soviets do not want the Germans to rebuild
§  This was in fear of another invasion
¡  France, Great Britain, and United States all withdraw and they
create West Germany
§  But this did not solve the problem of West Berlin
§  West Berlin was free but within Soviet East Germany
¡  Soviets begin to Blockade West Berlin from West Germany
§  The Soviets wanted to control all of Berlin
§  They began to block the highways, water, and railroad traffic so no
one could get in by land
§  This was to try and drive out all the people or kill them due to starvation
§  British and American plans begin to take food and drop them into
West Berlin
§  After 11 months, the blockade is lifted
§  This would mark the official start of the Cold War
THE WORLD DIVIDED
¡  Both of the superpowers would use propaganda to scare their
population into believing why the other government was bad
¡  Because of the Berlin Blockade, European and North American
countries would ally to stop the Soviet Union
§  This group would form the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
§  Formed in April 1949, the countries agreed to provide mutual help
other if they were attacked
¡  The Soviets respond to NATO with the Warsaw Pact
§  Seeing NATO as a threat, they formed their own alliance in 1955.
¡  Some countries would not be in any alliance due to
differences.
§  China would not join the Warsaw Pact due to trust issues with the
Soviet Union
MAP!
¡  On your map, find all the
NATO countries listed below
and label and color them
blue.
§ 
§ 
§ 
§ 
§ 
§ 
§ 
§ 
§ 
§ 
§ 
§ 
§ 
Belgium
Luxembourg
Netherlands
France
Great Britain
Italy
Denmark
Norway
Portugal
Iceland
United States
Canada
West Germany
§  Turkey
¡ Find all the Warsaw
Pact countries listed
below and label and
color them red.
§ Soviet Union
§ Bulgaria
§ Czechoslovakia
§ East Germany
§ Hungary
§ Poland
§ Romania
WARM UP: REVIEW YOUR NOTES FROM LAST CLASS.
Standards
Objective
¡  10.9.4 - Analyze the
Chinese Civil War, the rise
of Mao Tse-tung, and the
subsequent political and
economic upheavals in
China (e.g., the Great
Leap Forward, the
Cultural Revolution, and
the Tiananmen Square
uprising).
I will recognize the main
reasons of Mao’s ascent
to power and catalog the
issues which followed
during his reign through
photographs and
secondary sources.
POP QUIZ 2!
When finished turn
up front, face down.
When you are
finished, take
out your
signature
sheet. Mark the
two
assignments
you want
dropped from
the following
assignments
(Remember you
can only
remove 1 “Z”):
1.  Exit ticket
TOV
2.  Russian
Rev Comic
3.  Nanking
newspaper
ar ticle
4.  WWI Key
Terms and
Vocab
5.  Europe Map
AGENDA
¡ Pop Quiz
¡ China's Communist Path reading.
¡ Review Questions
¡ Finished Early? Grab your homework and start!
WARM UP: REVIEW YOUR HOMEWORK.
Standards
Objective
¡  10.9.4 - Analyze the
Chinese Civil War, the rise
of Mao Tse-tung, and the
subsequent political and
economic upheavals in
China (e.g., the Great
Leap Forward, the
Cultural Revolution, and
the Tiananmen Square
uprising).
I will recognize the main
reasons of Mao’s ascent
to power and catalog the
issues which followed
during his reign through
photographs and
secondary sources.
CHINA’S PATH TO COMMUNISM
¡  During World War 2, China is apart of the Allies
§  Parts of China were devastated by the Japanese
§  10-22 million causalities during WW2
§  After World War 2, China engages in a civil war
¡  Communists vs. Nationalists
§  Both the communists and nationalists put aside their differences in
1937 and band together to defeat the Japanese
§  Mao Zedong, leader of the Communists fighting the Japanese through
guerrilla warfare in the North
§  He is also helping the peasants improve food production and literacy
§  By helping the peasants, he is gaining their loyalty
§  Jiang Jieshi leads the Nationalists, who are backed by the United
States in the South
§  Did not fight the Japanese much, instead, they saved their strength for
Mao’s Red Army
THE CHINESE CIVIL WAR RESUMES
¡  After World War 2, the civil war will last till 1949
¡  Nationalists will have the advantage in number of troops
§  The United States also will donate around 2 billion dollars in aid
§  Do not do much to win popular support of the people in China
§  With a shaky economy, many troops change sides and fight for the
communists
¡  Mao wins back major cities and promises land to the peasants
§  Mao will win control of China in October 1949 and call it the People’s
Republic of China
§  Jiang Jieshi will retreat to Taiwan
§  Mao will sign a treaty with the Soviets in 1950
§  This will make the United States even more mad at communism and view
it as communism’s attempt to take over the world
TWO CHINA’S, ONE COLD WAR
¡  After the creation of Taiwan, there was the People’s Republic
of China and the Republic of China
¡  The United States will help Jiang Jieshi set up a government in
Taiwan while the Soviets are helping Mao with financial,
military and technical aid.
§  Mao and Stalin have developed a pact to aid each other in case of an
attack
¡  Mao will expand the borders of China, taking Tibet in 1951,
parts of India and Mongolia.
§  The Chinese promise to leave the Tibetians alone, but in late 1950,
they begin to be more strict, leading to the Dalai Lama (the “pope” of
the Buddhists) to flee to India
§  This would strain relations between India and China
COMMUNISM AND CHINA
¡  Once the communists take power, they want to strengthen
their rule over the population of china
§  Also wanted to restore China as a dominant world power
¡  Mao takes the land back from the rich, begins to kill those
who oppose him and divides the land among the peasants
§  80% of people live in the farm (rural area) but do not control any land
§  10% of the rural population controlled more than 70% of the
farmland
§  Mao will later seize back the land from the peasants to create
collective farms and force the peasants to work on these 200-300
family farms
¡  Mao launches a 5 year plan to transform the industries and
businesses
§  Mao takes private companies and put them under the control of the
government
§  By 1957, Mao increases the production of coal, cement, steel, and
electricity
“THE GREAT LEAP FORWARD”… SORT OF
¡  Coming off his victory with his 5 year plan, Mao declares his
new plan called the “Great Leap Forward”
§  Set higher goals for industry and agriculture
§  Created larger farms called communes
§  In 1958, 26,000 communes existed over 15,000 acres of land
§  Lived in controlled lives, working all together, eating together and sleeping
in a community apartment
§  Owned nothing and had not incentive to work
¡  Giant step backwards
§  This was due to poor planning, inefficient industries and a large crop
failure in 1961, killing over 20-30 million people.
§  This would be the largest famine in history
MAO RESPONDS
¡  Mao’s reputation had been damaged from “the Great Leap
Forward”
¡  Cooperation between the USSR and China is fading
§  Both countries wanted to be the leader of the communist movement
throughout the world
§  Would have many territorial disputes
§  The death of Stalin would also strain the relationship between USSR
and China due to the new leader, Nikita Khrushchev
¡  All these factors would lead Mao to reduce his role within the
government
§  China began to move away from the socialists idea set by Mao
§  People could live in their own homes and sell crops they grew on their
private lands
§  Factory workers could compete for wages increases and promotions
§  This would weaken the goal for social equality
THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION
¡  Mao urges the millions of young people to “learn the revolution
by making revolution”
§  High school and college students left the classroom and formed a militia
group known as the “Red Guards”
¡  The Red Guards would lead the Cultural Revolution
§  The goal is to establish a society of peasants and workers who were all
equal
§  Wanted to return to the communists ideas set forth by Mao
§  Intellectual and artistic activity were considered useless and dangers
§  Shut down colleges and schools, destroyed farms, and closed down
factories
§  Attacked any person(s) who the Red Guards deemed antirevolutionary
§  Party members, government officials, artists, intellectuals, and others who
held on to the old ideas.
§  Those who opposed were jailed, beaten, and some were even killed
§  Some intellects were sent to labor camps to “purify” themselves to get rid of
their thoughts
§  Mao will step back into power to restore order
§  Mao admits that the Cultural Revolution had to stop
§  The Army will be asked to put down the revolution
§  In 1968, the Red Guards will be disbanded