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Study Guide for Unit Test on Magnetism and Electricity 2 Types of Electricity Current Electricity Static Electricity Conductors vs Insulators Conductors allow electric current to flow through them in an electric circuit. Insulators do not allow electric current to flow through them in an electric circuit. Simple Circuit A simple closed circuit consists of a battery, wire, light bulb, and switch. Series Circuit In a series circuit, electric current goes through each device in the circuit in one sequential, complete path from the source of the current. If one light bulb in a series goes out, all the other light bulbs in the circuit go out too because the circuit is no longer complete. Parallel Circuit In a parallel circuit the current branches into several loops and has more than one path through which the electric current flows. If a light bulb goes out in one of the loops or paths of a parallel circuit, the lights in the other loops stay on because the electric current can flow in more than one path. Properties of Magnets Polarity o Like poles repel each other. o Unlike poles attract each other. Attraction o Magnets and electromagnets attract or tend to move toward each other (if unlike poles are near each other) and certain types of metals (mainly iron or steel). Repulsion o Magnets and electromagnets can repel or move away from each other if their like poles (North-North or South-South) are brought near each other. Strength o The attractive strength of a magnet or electromagnet is greatest at its poles. o Some magnets have a greater attraction for magnetic materials than others Electromagnets An Electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetism is produced by the flow of electric current. An electromagnet becomes a magnet when an electric current passes through an insulated wire that is wrapped around an iron core ( like a nail) Ways to make an electromagnet stronger Increase the number of coils of wires around an iron core Increase the number of batteries or the voltage of the battery Increase the diameter of the iron core