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Science 10 (4.2) Names and Formulas of Compounds Name: Date: Block: (Refer to pp. 184 – 201 of BC Science 10) Ionic compounds are made up of ____________ and _______________ ions. o All of the positive and negative ions organize in a pattern called an _________ ____________. o Ionic compounds form from the inside out as solid crystals. THE CHEMICAL NAME OF IONIC COMPOUNDS • Ionic compounds are composed of positive ions and negative ions. The chemical name identifies the ______________ in the compound. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) developed the rules naming compounds. The chemical name always has ___ parts. 1. 1st part: ______________ ion, which is always a __________ in a compound containing ____ elements. 2. 2nd part: _____________ ion, which is always a __________________ in a compound containing ____ elements. 3. non-metal names end in "-____". Science 10 (4.2) Names and formulas of Compounds Page 1 Try these: 1. AlBr3 _________________________________ 2. Li3P _________________________________ WRITING THE FORMULA OF IONIC COMPOUNDS contains _____________ to identify each _____. show relative numbers of _____ in the compound. shown by a ____________ number set to the right of the symbol. Try these: 1. Ca+2 with Cl-1 ____________________________ 2. potassium nitride _______________________ MULTIVALENT METALS Charge Roman Numeral +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 Some transitional metals are multivalent. multivalent metals: ________________________________ ___________________________________________ _____ _________________________________________________________ ____ To tell the difference between two ions of the same +6 multivalent metal, ________________ and use a _________ +7 ____________ to show the ion charge. Try these: 1. lead(IV) oxide Science 10 (4.2) Names and formulas of Compounds ___________________________________ Page 2 2. copper(I) fluoride _______________________ Try these: 1. PbS ___________________________________ 2. SnBr4 _______________________ POLYATOMIC IONS polyatomic ion:__________________________________ _____________________________________________ carries an ____________________________ so it cannot exist on its own. Ex. __________________________________ Try these: 1. potassium acetate ___________________________________ 2. ammonium hydroxide _______________________ Try these: 1. NaOH ___________________________________ 2. (NH4)2CO3 _______________________ Complete the Practice Problems on pages 187-193 (at least 2 per section) Science 10 (4.2) Names and formulas of Compounds Page 3 NAMES AND FORMULAS OF COVALENT COMPOUNDS compounds formed by the ___________ of electrons between _____-_________ elements. Formulas are _____ reduced like ionic compound formulas. The ____________ _______________ of ________ of each element in the molecule is shown by the chemical formula. Ex. Hydrogen peroxide = H2O2 not HO subscripts do not show the smallest whole number ratio; they show the __________ ______________ of atoms of each element in the molecule. NAMING BINARY COVALENT COMPOUNDS Prefix binary covalent compound: ___________________________ Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Science 10 (4.2) Names and formulas of Compounds Page 4 ___________________ 9 _______________________ 10 _______ ___________________ _______________________ _______ • can have only two atoms or many atoms. • prefixes are used in the name to show the number of atoms of each element. Rules for Naming Binary Molecular Compounds that DO NOT contain Hydrogen Example 1: Example 2: CO OCl2 1. Name the first element in the formula. 2. Name the second element, changing the ending to the suffix -ide. 3. Add a prefix to each name to show the number Science 10 (4.2) Names and formulas of Compounds Page 5 of atoms of each. Try these: 1. OF2 _________________________________ 2. P4O10 _________________________________ Covalent Compounds Containing Hydrogen Steps for naming covalent compounds containing hydrogen will be gone over in Ch. 5 Three compounds known before any standard naming system was developed are methane, ammonia and water. Ex. CH4 methane NH3 H2O ammonia water WRITING THE FORMULA OF COVALENT COMPOUNDS Writing Formulas for Two Element Covalen Compounds Rule Example 1 Example 2 chlorine dinitrogen monofluoride tetraoxide 1. Identify the first nonmetal and use a subscript to identify the number of atoms. 2. Identify the second nonScience 10 (4.2) Names and formulas of Compounds Page 6 metal and use a subscript to identify the number of atoms. 3. Write the formula. Try these: 1. sulphur dioxide 2. selenium difluoride ______________________ _______________________ **Check p. 196 for helpful tips for naming both ionic and covalent compounds. Complete the Practice Problems on page 195 (at least 2 per section) and p. 197 all SUMMARY: Science 10 (4.2) Names and formulas of Compounds Page 7