Download gastrointestinal system - exercises

GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM - EXERCISES
I. Answer the following questions about the gastrointestinal system.
1. What does the gastrointestinal system consist of?
2. What are the structures of the oral cavity?
3. What does the tongue look like?
4. Name the 4 basic flavors in foods.
5. Which parts does the tooth consist of?
6. Name the two sets of teeth.
7. What are the names of the individual teeth?
8. What are gums?
9. Where are the hard and soft palates located?
10. Which parts is the pharynx divided into?
11. Which two tubes is the laryngopharynx divided into?
12. What is epiglottis?
13. Describe the location and function of the stomach.
14. What does the small intestine consist of?
15. What are villi?
16. What is chyme?
17. What does the colon consist of?
II. Label the picture:
III. Complete the correct name of the organ:
1. _______________ - a large organ located above and in front of the stomach. It filters toxins
from the blood, and makes bile (which breaks down fats) and some blood proteins.
2. _______________ - a small, sac-like organ located by the duodenum. It stores and releases
bile (a digestive chemical which is produced in the liver) into the small intestine.
3. _______________ - a sack-like, muscular organ that is attached to the esophagus. When
food enters this organ, it is churned in an acid bath.
4. _______________ - an enzyme-producing gland located below the stomach and above the
intestines. Enzymes from this organ help in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins
in the small intestine.
5. _______________ - the opening at the end of the digestive system from which feces
(waste) exits the body.
6. _______________ - the first part of the digestive system, where food enters the body.
Chewing and salivary enzymes in the mouth are the beginning of the digestive process
(breaking down the food).
7. _______________ - the lower part of the large intestine, where feces are stored before they
are excreted from the body.
8. _______________ - a small sac located on the cecum.
9. _______________ - the long tube between the mouth and the stomach. It uses rhythmic
muscle movements (called peristalsis) to force food from the throat into the stomach.
10. _______________ - the part of the large intestine that runs upwards; it is located after the
cecum.
11. _______________ - the part of the large intestine that runs downwards after the transverse
colon and before the sigmoid colon.
12. _______________ - the part of the large intestine that runs horizontally across the
abdomen.
13. _______________ - the first part of the large intestine; the appendix is connected to this
organ.
14. _______________ - the last part of the small intestine before the large intestine begins.
15. _______________ - the long, coiled mid-section of the small intestine; it is between the
duodenum and the ileum.
16. _______________ - the first part of the small intestine; it is C-shaped and runs from the
stomach to the jejunum.
17. _______________ - the part of the large intestine between the descending colon and the
rectum.
IV. Translate.
1. střevo
2. slepé střevo
3. tenké střevo
4. tlusté střevo
5. krvácení do střev
6. klystýr/klyzma
7. vyprazdňování
8. zánět slepého střeva
9. operace slepého střeva
10. trávicí trakt/ústrojí/trubice
11. střevní chřipka
12. střevní nemoci
13. střevní potíže
14. průjem
15. zácpa
16. bolesti břicha
17. žaludeční nevolnost
18. nalačno
19. pálí mně žáha
20. říhat, zaražené větry