Download Guided Reading Strategies 20.2

079-083_GRS_CH20_065744-X 12/1/01 10:18 AM Page 80
Back
Print
Name
Class
Date
20
Guided Reading Strategies 20.2
Modern Chapter 11
Constitutional Monarchy in England
CHAPTER
READING THE SECTION As you read the section, answer each of the following
questions in the space provided.
1. What were Charles II’s methods of working with Parliament?
2. Who were the Tories?
3. Who were the Whigs?
4. Why did the English want William and Mary as rulers in place of James II’s heirs?
5. What did Thomas Hobbes believe?
6. What did John Locke believe?
7. Who gained more power from the English Bill of Rights?
8. What was the Toleration Act?
9. Which party holds cabinet posts in the English government?
10. What is a prime minister?
POST-READING QUICK CHECK After you have finished reading the section, in the
space provided, explain limited constitutional monarchy.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt World History: The Human Journey
80
Guided Reading Strategies
i-55_GRS-GEO_AK_065744-X 12/17/01 1:59 PM Page 31
Back
Print
ANSWER KEY
Chapter 20
(Modern Chapter 11)
SECTION 3
Reading the Section
Detail B: Within her empire, there were many
conflicts of language, religion, and nationality.
Detail C: Some German states, such as
Bavaria, resented Hapsburg rule.
Topic II: The Hohenzollerns were a powerful
ruling family.
Detail B: Frederick William was given the title
of King of Prussia.
Detail D: Frederick William I created an efficient government system for Prussia.
Detail A: Prussia was supported by Great
Britain.
Detail C: Eventually Russia pulled away from
Austria and France, and formed a separate
alliance with Prussia.
SECTION 1
Reading the Section
1. Petition of Right
2. Rebellion broke out.
3. It passed a law that Parliament must meet
4.
5.
6.
Post-Reading Quick Check
Frederick II spent the years after the Seven
Years’ War working to strengthen and rebuild
his kingdom.
7.
8.
SECTION 4
at least once every three years, it kept the
king from raising taxes on his own, and
forced the execution of two of his advisors
for treason.
Parliament and Charles I could not agree
on who should be in command of the
army.
Cromwell took charge. The monarchy and
the House of Lords were abolished.
This prevented Cromwell from creating a
representative form of government.
It discouraged other groups from acting
against the government.
He lost the army’s support, and Charles II
returned to England.
Reading the Section
Post-Reading Quick Check
Elizabeth I’s solution: Elizabeth sent the
British navy to fight the Spanish Armada.
Did it work? Why or why not? The British
navy successfully defeated the Armada,
because their ships were smaller and quicker
and their guns could shoot farther and faster.
Elizabeth I’s solution: Elizabeth persecuted all
religions, except for the Anglican Church.
Did it work? Why or why not? This angered
the other religious groups and did not stop the
disputes.
Elizabeth I’s solution: Elizabeth consulted
Parliament often, and seemed to take their
advice, and she allowed freedom of speech
within Parliament.
Did it work? Why or why not? Some members
of Parliament still questioned her policies.
1) The king could not tax the people without
the agreement of Parliament; 2) he could not
declare martial law; 3) he could not board soldiers in private homes during peacetime; and
4) he could not imprison a person without a
specific charge.
SECTION 2
Reading the Section
1. He used secrecy and roundabout methods
to gain his ends.
2. The Tories were a group that usually
supported the Anglican Church, however,
they were willing to accept James II as a
king.
3. The Whigs were a group that claimed to
deny the throne to James II. They wanted
a strong Parliament and opposed having a
Catholic ruler.
4. They feared that the son of James II would
begin a line of Catholic rulers on the
English throne.
Post-Reading Quick Check
While Elizabeth I worked to maintain good
relations with Parliament, James I disagreed
with Parliament on most major issues and was
a poor statesman.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt World History: The Human Journey
31 Geography Activities/Guided Reading Answer Key
i-55_GRS-GEO_AK_065744-X 12/17/01 1:59 PM Page 32
Back
Print
ANSWER KEY
5. He believed that people acted from self-
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
divided into branches creates checks on political power
Rousseau On Government: Good government
must be based on popular sovereignty, meaning that government must be created an controlled by the people.
Philosophes On Government: wrote The
Encyclopedia, which contained some articles
criticizing the government’s policies on slaves,
torture, taxes, and war
interest and without regard for the rights
or welfare of others. The world was a place
where only the strong would survive. He
believed on in the exchange of individual
liberty for group safety and social order.
He accepted the idea of the social contract
but believed that people had given up only
some of their individual rights. He believed
that the people had the right to change
their government if it became oppressive.
Parliament
It granted some religious freedoms to
dissenters, and barred them from holding
public office. However, it did not protect
Roman Catholics or Jews.
the majority party in Parliament
first minister, the real head of government
Post-Reading Quick Check
He was defending the freedom of speech.
SECTION 5
Detail B: Boston Tea Party
Detail D: The American Revolution began.
Topic II: Delegates met and voted to declare
their freedom from Great Britain, adopting the
Declaration of Independence.
Detail B: It said that no government can exist
without the consent of its citizens.
Detail C: The Declaration of Independence
also said that government is created to protect
individual rights.
Detail A: The Articles of Confederation were
adopted in 1777.
Detail C: Because many Americans were
unhappy with the weakness of the new government, a constitution was written which
provided for a federal system of government.
Detail D: Some Americans did not like the
Constitution because they feared it did not
protect the rights of individuals; as a result,
the Bill of Rights was added.
Post-Reading Quick Check
Royal powers were limited, which required the
king or queen to consult with Parliament and
which reserved certain important powers for
Parliament alone.
SECTION 3
Reading the Section
1. at home
2. North America
3. slave ships
4. around the globe
5. trading posts
6. win their support and loyalty
7. Northwest Passage
8. Henry Hudson
9. slavery
10. Britain
POST-READING QUICK CHECK
1. a new prime minister who was willing to
Post-Reading Quick Check
carry out George III’s policies; because of
his actions the American Revolution began
2. the chief American negotiator
3. the Declaration’s principal author
Colonists resented Britain because Parliament
passed laws to enforce the policy of mercantilism. One law required colonists to sell
certain products only to Britain. Other laws
discouraged colonists from manufacturing
their own goods.
Chapter 21
(Modern Chapter 12)
SECTION 4
SECTION 1
Reading the Section
Reading the Section
1. the time before 1789
2. the First Estate
3. the Third Estate
Natural Law: laws of nature govern the universe and all its creatures
Montesquieu On Government: government
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt World History: The Human Journey
32 Geography Activities/Guided Reading Answer Key