Download plural subjects "we, you, they"

SummaryofFacebookpostingsbyBerkeleyKarukgroup,December11-19,2015
(December2015:allthedifferentprefixesthatyouuseatthebeginningofaverbtoexpress
thesubjectofthesentence.Thesecanbedifferentdependingifit'sapositivestatementor
question,anegativestatementoraquestion,oracommand.)
December11
Sonnyupiip:
tánuthítiv.•Weheardit.
tá=recentlycompletedorinastate
nu-=we
thítiv=hear
Comments
Theprefixnu-isusedinastatementorquestionwhenthesubjectis"we".
December12
NettieRubenupiip:
kárupu'íshahakín'iishtihara.•Andwedidn'tdrinkwater.
káru=also,and
pu-=not
'íshaha=water
kín-=we(subjectinanegativesentence)
'iish=todrink
-tih=ongoing
-ara=not
Comments
Threecoolthingshere!(1)Withnegativeverbs(pu-+-ara="not"),forthesubject"we"
youcanusetheprefixkin-insteadofnu-.
(2)Aswe'veseeninseveralexamples,whenyounegateaverb,the"durative"suffix-tihis
oftenused.
(3)Usuallypu-goesatthebeginningoftheverb,butsometimesitcangoearlierinthe
sentence,likebeforethenouníshaha"water"here.
December13
Charlieupiip:
chíminúkviit-hi!•Let'sgotosleep!
chími=soon(oftenusedincommandsandexhortations)
nú-=we(subjectformusedincommands)
(i)kviit-h(a)=tosleep
-i=command("imperative")
Comments
Withcommandsandwishes,theprefixusedforthesubject"we"isnu-(justasin
statements).
December14
Vinaupiip:
iimkunpapufích'iishkumnísheesh?•Areyou(plural)goingtocookthedeermeat?
iimkun=you(plural)
pa-=the
pufích'iish=deermeat(púufich"deer"+íish"body,flesh,meat")
ku-=you(pluralsubject)
(i)mnísh=cook
-eesh=inthefuture
Comments
Theprefixku-isusedinastatementorquestionwhenthesubjectis"you"(plural="you
all"or"youguys").
December15
pu'ikvíit-hap•"you(plural)don'tfallasleep"
pu-=not
'ikvíit-h(a)=tosleep
-ap=you(plural,inanegativesentence)
[adaptedfromWilliamBright'sKarukgrammar]
Comments
Withnegativeverbs(pu-"not"),forthesubject"you"plural("youall"or"youguys")the
suffix-apisusedinsteadofaprefix!
December16
Vinaupiip:
kiipyukúkuhipamiyukúkuh,AndrewkáruLine!•AndrewandLine,putonyourshoes!
kii-=you(pluralsubjectformusedincommands)
(i)pyukúkuh(a)=putonshoes
-i=command("imperative")
pa-=the
mi-=your
yukúkuh=shoe(s)
káru=and,also
Comments
Withcommands(imperativeverbs),forthesubject"you"plural("youall"or"youguys"),
theprefixformkii-isusediftheverbbeginswithavowel(likeipyukúkuha).
Inthissentence,withthenounyukúkuh"shoe(s)",Vinausesthepossessiveprefixmi-.She
couldalsohavesaidmikunyukúkuhwiththeprefixmikun-(whichjustrefersto"you"
plural).
December17
NettieRubenupiip:
kárixásta'ítam,"chímikiikpíkaankachakáach."•Andthen(theysaid),"GogetBluejay."
kári,xás,ta'ítam=then,and
chími=soon(oftenusedincommandsandexhortations)
kiik-=you(pluralsubjectformusedincommands)
píkaan=togoget(aperson)
kachakáach=bluejay
Comments
Withcommands(imperativeverbs),forthesubject"you"plural("youall"or"youguys"),
theprefixformkiik-isusediftheverbbeginswithaconsonant(likepíkaan).
December18
Vinaupiip:
kun'íchunvunaatihkáan.•Theyarehidingthere.
kun-=they
'íchunvu=hideoneself
-naa=plural
-tih=ongoing
káan=there
Comments
Theprefixkun-isusedinastatementorquestionwhenthesubjectis"they".
December19
JuliaStarrittupiip:
kárupu'aamtíhapkárupishpíshih.•Andtheyalsodidn'teathoney.
káru=also
pu-=not
'aam=eat
-tíh=ongoing
-ap(seetheCommentbelow!)
pishpíshih=honey
Comments
Withnegativeverbs(pu-"not"),forthesubject"they",thesuffix-apisusedinsteadofa
prefix!
Andaswe'veseeninmanyexamples,whenyounegateaverb,the"durative"suffix-tihis
oftenused.Andtheverb"eat"isaam(insteadofav)becauseit'sfollowedby-tih(which
makestheaalongandchangesthevtom).
Thewordpishpíshihisalsoawesome:itcanmean"bee",or"honey",or"honeycomb",or
"carradiator"—whichlookslikeahoneycomb!