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Reading Guide: Rock Cycle – Chapter 4-1 pages 90 – 97
1.A naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter is
called a _________________________________.
2.The continual process by which a new rock forms from old rock is called the
_______________________________________.
THE VALUE OF ROCK
3.List some things that rocks have been used by humans throughout history for.
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PROCESSES THAT SHAPE THE EARTH
Numbers 4 – 10 below explain the formation of a sedimentary rock:
4.The process in which water, wind, ice, and heat break down rock is called
______________________.
5.Weathering is important because it breaks rock down into fragments, or ______________,
from which sedimentary rocks are made.
6.The process by which sediment is removed from its source is called ________________.
7.During ______________________, sediment is deposited in bodies of water and
other low-lying areas.
8.Sedimentary rock can be made when sediment is pressed and cemented together
by ______________________ dissolved in water.
9.Movement within the Earth that causes buried rock to be exposed at the Earth’s
surface is called ______________________.
10. When uplifted rocks reach the Earth’s ______________________, weathering,
erosion, and deposition begin.
ILLUSTRATING THE ROCK CYCLE
Define the following terms:
11.Magma
12.Igneous rock
13. Sedimentary rock
14. Metamorphic rock
ROUND AND ROUND IT GOES
_____ 15. A rock at the Earth’s surface is primarily affected by forces of
a. heat and pressure.
b. pressure only.
c. weathering and erosion.
d. cooling.
_____ 16. A rock deep underground is primarily affected by forces of
a. extreme heat and pressure.
b. cooling.
c. weathering and erosion.
d. heat only.
ROCK CLASSIFICATION
_____ 17. Scientists study rocks using what important criteria?
a. composition and texture
b. the depth at which they formed
c. elevation
d. the pressure under which they formed
_____ 18. What is the chemical makeup, or mineral content, of a rock based on?
a. the size of its grains
b. the positions of its grains
c. the shape of its grains
d. its composition
_____ 20. What do the size, shape, and positions of the grains that make up a rock
determine?
a. the rock’s texture
b. the rock’s size
c. the rock’s color
d. the rock’s composition