Download Notes Introduction to Genetics 2011-2012

Name _____________________________ Date__________________ #______
Biology 300 Notes: Introduction to Genetics
Follows Patterns of Inheritance PowerPoint Slides 1 – 13
1. What does the science of genetics study? ____________________________
2. Does genetics mean that offspring always resemble their parents? ___________
3. Who began our understanding of inheritance? ____________________________
4. a) When did he live? ___________________ b) Where did he live? ________________
5. What did Mendel breed in order to study genetics? _____________________________
6. Examine the picture in this slide:
a) What part of the pea plant contains the reproductive parts of the plant? ______________
b) What is the scientist doing in this picture?
c) What are the offspring known as? The ________ generation.
7. Examine the results of Mendel’s breeding experiments with peas:
a) The parental generation (known as the P generation) is described as “true breeding.”
What does “true breeding” mean?
________________________________________________________________________
b) What was the appearance of the first generation of pea plants? _________________
c) Did all of the second generation plants (F2 generation) resemble the F1 generation? _____
8. Mendel explained his results with gametes and Punnett Squares. a) What are gametes?
b) What do Punnett Squares show?
Use this example to help answer the question:
9. A gene has 2 alleles, each inherited from one parent.
a) When a gene has 2 identical alleles, the gene is described as _____________________
b) When a gene has 2 different alleles, the gene is described as _____________________
c) The allele that is expressed as a trait is the ____________________ allele.
d) The allele that is masked, or not expressed as a trait is the ____________________ allele.
10. List 4 other traits besides flower color that were studied by Mendel:
a)
b)
c)
d)
11. An individual’s genetic make-up or allele combination is it’s __________________________.
12. ______________________ is an individual’s physical or chemical trait which can be observed
Summary and Practice Questions
13. Look at this Punnett Square again:
If 2 heterozygotes are mated, what will be
the ratio of dominant to recessive traits?
_______________________________________
14. If one parent is homozygous dominant, what will the offspring’s phenotype be?
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