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Chapter 6 Motion Name____________________________________ Motion • When an object ________________________ in relation to a reference point Reference point • The object that appears to _______________ • _________ is commonly used as reference, buildings, trees • Reference point can also be _________ (Earth) • ____________ depends on Reference Point Distance • Total length of the ____________ between two points Displacement • Length and direction between a ____________ from starting to ending point • Displacement is a _________ • Has ____________(size) and direction • Use arrows. Longer arrow, larger magnitude for displacement Rate at which an object moves is ________ • Distance/ time • ________ • Average speed ______________________ Velocity • • • • Speed in a certain __________(always includes a reference direction) Rate of change of position Is constant only if________________ do not change Velocity can be ______________to get resultant velocity Acceleration • Rate at which ___________ changes (speed up, slow down, change direction) • Tells you _________velocity changes • Final velocity- initial velocity time it takes to change velocity • ________________ is acceleration due to change of direction Centripetal acceleration Acceleration due to gravity • All objects accelerate towards Earth at a rate of ____________ • ______________ slows down acceleration • _______________ also known as air resistance • • • • Depends on _________________ of object Acceleration stops at ____________ velocity As objects fall, air resistance increases until _____________ = ____________________ Object continues to fall, but at a ___________ velocity A GREATER FORCE MUST BE APPLIED TO A GREATER MASS TO PRODUCE THE ____________ACCELERATION • F=M*A • A=F/M • • Free fall means that object is falling with __________ (such as air resistance) acting on it except gravity Astronauts appear to _______________ due to “freefall” in orbiting spacecraft Work • • • Is done when an object is caused to ________ a certain distance The ability to do work is called ___________ SI unit for both work and energy is called the __________ Energy • The main forms are • Mechanical energy can be either ________________ Kinetic Energy • The energy an object has due to motion is called _________ energy • • • • “kinetos” means __________(Greek) Kinetic energy depends on ___________ Speed, kinetic energy Formula for kinetic energy: Potential Energy • Potential energy is stored, resulting from ____________________ and has “potential” to do work • Potential energy related to ___________ is “gravitational potential energy” • Depends on weight and height relative to reference point • Potential energy = weight x height o Potential energy of objects that can be _____________ is called “elastic potential energy” • Mechanical Energy = Potential Energy + Kinetic Energy • • One common _______________ of energy is between potential and kinetic energy Any object that ____________ experiences a change in kinetic and gravitational potential energy Law of conservation of energy: • Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only ______________ from one type to another