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Body Systems Study Guide
Directions: Complete all items on this guide. It is worth a test grade and is due Tuesday 4/18/2017.
NO LATE WORK WILL BE ACCEPTED AND NO CORRECTION POINTS ISSUED.
You will be tested on this material after break. So complete and STUDY these notes.
Refer to Miller & Levine Biology, Chapters 30 – 35
Complete the table below, including the 11 human body systems, structures and functions of each. If you need
more space, continue by making a well-marked section on a separate sheet of paper and staple it to this packet.
Body System Name
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Primary Structures
Functions
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
1. Name 2 major processes that the liver does to promote homeostasis with the human body.
Digestive System
1. List the 4 functions of the digestive system.
1.
2.
3.
4.
2. What are the two types of digestion?
3. List the steps (5) from mouth to rectum, that food/nutrients take through the digestive system.
3. Where do the nutrients from food enter into the blood stream?
4. In which organ does water uptake occur?
Excretory System
1. What four components make up the excretory system?
2. What is the main function of kidneys?
3. Summarize how kidneys remove wastes from the blood.
Questions:
1. What is the process of maintaining a relatively constant internal environment despite changes in the
external environment?______________________
2. Where does mechanical digestion begin? _____________________________________
Nervous System (Chapter 31)
Define: neuron axon dendrite synapse 1. What two primary organs make up the central nervous system?
2. What part of the skeletal system provides protection to the spinal cord?
3. What are the 2 major divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
Chapter 32
Skeletal System
1. What is the function of the skeletal system?
2. What are bones mostly composed of?
3. What is the flexible tissue that is found in the nose and ears of humans?
Muscular System
1. Cellular energy in the form of _______ is used to make a muscle contract.
(Think: energy molecule from cellular respiration)
2. What type of muscle tissue provides the energy to lift bottle of water to your mouth?
3. What type of muscle makes up the esophagus?
4. What type of muscle makes up the heart?
Integumetary System
1. What is the primary organ of the integumentary system?
2. Name 5 primary functions of skin.
3. Name the pigment that gives skin its color. _________________ What important job does it do?
4. Name two types of glands in the epidermal system and the function of each.
Chapter 33
Circulatory System
1. What is the primary job of the circulatory system?
2. What is the main organ that sends blood throughout the body?
3. __________________ carries blood away from the heart. This blood is oxygenated/deoxygenated.
(Circle one)
4. __________________ carries blood towards the heart. This blood is oxygenated/deoxygenated.
(Circle one)
Define: plasma red blood cells white blood cells platelets –
5. What is the function of the lymphatic system?
Respiratory System
1. What do we call the movement of air into and out of the lungs? ____________________________
2. What do we call the air sacs rich in blood vessels that exchange gas between the lungs and blood?
3. In words, what are the reactants and products of cellular respiration? Where in the cell does this
happen?
4. What is the function of the respiratory system?
Chapter 34
Endocrine System
1. What is the primary function of the endocrine system?
2. Define hormone.
3. What main type of organ stores and releases hormones?
4. Name 5 glands of the endocrine system.
5. Name 4 examples of hormones and the function of each within the human body.
Reproductive System
1. What are the two primary organs in a male reproductive system?
2. What are the 5 organs in the female reproductive system?
3. Sperm cells and egg cells are called _____________________.
4. When a sperm and egg combine, the resulting cell is called a _________________________.
5. Name the three cell layers that are a product of gastrulation.
Immune System
1. What chemicals act in the inflammatory response? ________________________________________
2. What is a marker that a body uses to trigger an immune response, one that the body can recognize as
“non-self”?
_________________________________________
3. What structures tag antigens for destruction by the immune system? ___________________________
4. Approximately how many antibodies can a healthy adult produce? ____________________________
5. Using the images on pp. 1080-1, how do macrophages help the elimination of pathogens?
____________________________________________________________________________________
6. Describe allergies. What are they triggered by? What body response to they trigger? Use complete
sentences.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. Explain how an autoimmune disease affects a human. _____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
8.