Download Mechanism of Hormone Action Mechanism of Hormone Action

Mechanism of Hormone Action
Mechanism of Hormone Action
Receptor Structure
Mechanism of Hormone Action
Protein Hormones
(cAMP second messenger)
LH
G
Receptor
Plasma Membrane
Adenylate Cyclase
R
C
S-ER
Protein Kinase A
(PKA)
Steroid Synthesis
Mitochondria
Nucleus
DNA
Protein
R-ER
Synthesis
Protein
Mechanism of Hormone Action
Mechanism of Hormone Action
Protein Hormones
(cAMP second messenger)
LH
G
Receptor
(Enzymes)
Synthesis
Protein Hormones
(cAMP second messenger)
LH
Plasma Membrane
G
Receptor
Adenylate Cyclase
Plasma Membrane
Adenylate Cyclase
cAMP
ATP
cAMP
S-ER
cAMP
R
C
ATP
Protein Kinase A
(PKA)
Steroid Synthesis
R
cAMP
Protein Kinase A
(PKA)
S-ER
Steroid Synthesis
Mitochondria
C
(+ PO 4)
Mitochondria
Histones
Nucleus
Protein
R-ER
Synthesis
Protein
(Enzymes)
Synthesis
Nucleus
DNA
Protein
R-ER
Synthesis
Protein
(Enzymes)
Synthesis
mRNA
DNA
Mechanism of Hormone Action
Mechanism of Hormone Action
Protein Hormones
(cAMP second messenger)
LH
G
Receptor
Plasma Membrane
Testosterone
ATP
Protein Kinase A
(PKA)
S-ER
Steroid Synthesis
(+ PO 4)
Mitochondria
Cholesterol
Histones
Nucleus
Cholesterol
DNA
Protein
Anterior Pituitary Hormones
Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)
Plasma
Membrane
» LH, FSH, Prolactin
» STH, ACTH, TSH
DNA
mRNA
(Enzymes)
Synthesis
GnRH
Receptor
cAMP Second Messenger Hormones
Histones
Nucleus
Protein
R-ER
Synthesis
mRNA
(Enzymes)
Synthesis
C
Pregnenolone
Protein
R-ER
Synthesis
•
Protein Kinase A
(PKA)
S-ER
(+ PO 4)
Cholesterol
Cholesterol
R
cAMP
Steroid Synthesis
C
Mitochondria
•
cAMP
Testosterone
R
cAMP
Protein
Plasma Membrane
Adenylate Cyclase
cAMP
Pregnenolone
G
Receptor
Adenylate Cyclase
ATP
Protein Hormones
(cAMP second messenger)
LH
G-protein
PIP2
Placental Hormones
» HCG,
eCG
PLC
Protein
Kinase C
R
Ca2+
Secretory
Granules
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Plasma Membrane
Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)
Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)
GnRH
G-protein
Plasma
Membrane
PIP2
Receptor
Plasma
Membrane
Receptor
GnRH
G-protein
PLC
DAG
PLC
Protein
Kinase C
R
Ca2+
PIP2
Secretory
Granules
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Plasma Membrane
IP3
Ca2+
R
Ca2+
Secretory
Granules
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Plasma Membrane
Protein
Kinase C
Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)
Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)
Ca2+
Ca2+
GnRH
G-protein
PIP2
Plasma
Membrane
DAG
PLC
IP3
Ca2+
Secretory
Granules
Endoplasmic Reticulum
PIP2
G-protein
DAG
PLC
Protein
Kinase C
Ca2+
R
Receptor
Plasma
Membrane
Receptor
GnRH
Protein
Kinase C
IP3
Ca2+
R
Ca2+
Secretory
Granules
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Fusion
Plasma Membrane
Plasma Membrane
LH
Steroid Hormone Action
Calcium Second Messenger Hormones
•
GnRH
•
Oxytocin
» triggers
Steroid
(estrogen)
release of LH in anterior pituitary
Cell Membrane
•
» triggers
Diffusion?
contractions of smooth muscle
PGF2α
» triggers apoptosis of cell
» inhibition of progesterone
Change in
Cell
Physiology
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
synthesis
New
Protein
Receptor
R-ER
mRNA
DNA
Protein synthesis
Steroid Hormone Mechanism
•
•
•
Estradiol
Testosterone, Dihydrotestosterone
Cortisol
Hypothalamus
Feedback
Loops
Neuro-secretory Cells
Releasing Hormones
Polypeptides
Portal Vein
Anterior Pituitary
Gonadotropins: FSH, LH
Proteins
Blood Stream
Gonads
Receptor on Cell Surface
only effects on
[ Why
]
target organs
Cyclic AMP inside cell
Steroid Hormone Production
Testosterone
{ Estradiol
Progesterone
Blood Stream
Bound to Protein
Endocrine Feedback Loops
•
Negative
» gonadal
steriods
» Protein
hormones
– Testosterone,
Progesterone, Estradiol
– inhibin
•
Positive
» Gonadal
steroids
– estradiol