Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Brinkmanship Brinkmanship Brinkmanship Brinkmanship
Transcript
1/4/2017 Brinkmanship Brinkmanship Brinkmanship Brinkmanship Kong rides the bomb 1 1/4/2017 This policy rested on the threat of massive retaliation, including the use of nuclear weapons Brinkmanship Pushing to the brink of war, but stopping just before it broke out Arms Race “Mutually assured destruction” After WWII, U.S. and Soviet Union are superpowers Arms Race CIA (these guys are actually British, and fictional, but cooler) Arms Race For nearly 50 years, they compete to build the largest and best equipped military forces CIA 2 1/4/2017 Central Intelligence Agency They gathered strategic information about the Soviet Union CIA They also were used to pursue Eisenhower’s Cold War goals Nikita Khrushchev Became the Soviet leader after Stalin’s death Nikita Khrushchev U2 incident Nikita Khrushchev Video Stunned political observers by accusing Joseph Stalin of having committed many ruthless crimes Began warmer relations between the U.S. and Soviet Union U2 incident 3 1/4/2017 May 1960 - an American U2 was shot down over the Soviet Union U2 incident Joseph McCarthy U2 incident Video The pilot, Gary Powers, was captured and admitted to being a spy Cooled the relationship between the U.S. and Soviet Union Joseph McCarthy Joseph McCarthy Joseph McCarthy Video 8 min A U.S. Senator from Wisconsin who fueled speculation that communist spies and sympathizers were everywhere Stated that he had a list of known Communists who worked in the State Department 4 1/4/2017 House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) House UnAmerican Activities Committee (HUAC) A House of Representatives committee that was formed in 1938 House UnAmerican Activities Committee (HUAC) Video Venona Papers Investigated groups and activities that threatened the freedoms of Americans Was a key player in the second Red Scare Venona Papers Lost some credibility after Senator McCarthy was discredited Venona Papers Venona was a top secret code breaking project in the 1940s It’s findings revealed extensive Soviet espionage in the United States 5 1/4/2017 Hollywood Ten Hollywood Ten Hollywood Ten A group of ten Hollywood directors and writers who went to jail rather than answer questions from the House Un-American Activities Committee Julius and Ethel Rosenberg This was part of the 2nd Red Scare Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Two Americans who were convicted of providing the Soviet Union with atomicenergy secrets Both were executed in 1953 6 1/4/2017 McCarran Internal Security Act - 1950 Internal Security Act Internal Security Act Required communist party members and organizations to register with the federal government Attracted huge crowds during the 1950s Billy Graham Preaching against communism Billy Graham Warned of the danger of a nuclear war and urged Americans to turn to God Caused a rapid growth in church memberships In God We Trust In God We Trust 7 1/4/2017 President Eisenhower signs a law declaring "In God We Trust" to be the nation's official motto In God We Trust Was in response to groups pushing to have the phrase "under God" inserted into the Pledge of Allegiance. E pluribus Unum The first paper money with the phrase "In God We Trust" was not printed until 1957. E pluribus Unum E pluribus Unum E pluribus unum is the motto suggested by the committee Congress appointed on July 4, 1776 to design "a seal for the United States of America.“ Out of Many, One First appeared on coins in 1795 Sputnik Sputnik 8 1/4/2017 Launched October 4, 1957 The name of the first satellite launched into space by the Soviet Union Sputnik Reaction – 8 min Sputnik National Defense Education Act National Defense Education Act National Defense Education Act The launch shook the American belief that the U.S. was superior in math and science to all other countries. The National Defense Education Act (NDEA), signed into law on September 2, 1958, and provided funding to United States education institutions at all levels The NDEA was influenced by the Soviet launch of Sputnik Created to emphasize STEM subjects so American scientists could “catch up” to Soviet scientists NASA 9 1/4/2017 Created 1958 NASA NASA GI Bill of Rights GI Bill of Rights Provided pensions and government loans to help veterans start businesses and buy homes or farms GI Bill of Rights Also gave money to veterans to attend college or technical school An agency created to promote United States space technology General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 10 1/4/2017 General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade (GATT) General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Purpose – “the substantial reduction of tariffs and other trade barriers . . . On a reciprocal and mutually advantageous basis” Signed in 1946 and lasted until 1993, when it was replaced by the World Trade Organization in 1995 Effects of prosperity Effects of prosperity Effects of prosperity By the end of the 1950s, the average American family had twice as much income to spend than the average family of the 1920s Rising income, easy credit, and aggressive marketing helped create a “culture of consumption” during the 1950s. Highway Act 11 1/4/2017 Highway Act Highway Act Highway Act Passed in 1956 Highway Act Contributed to the growth of suburbs Highway Act Expanded the highway system, allowing people to more easily commute to jobs in the city Originally set up to allow the military to move quickly across the country Baby boom Baby boom 12 1/4/2017 1946-1964 An era following World War II that saw a 90% increase in the number of babies born Baby boom Vaccination Vaccination Video Vaccination This created a large bulge in the population and millions of new consumers. Vaccination On March 26, 1953, American medical researcher Dr. Jonas Salk announces on a national radio show that he has successfully tested a vaccine against poliomyelitis, the virus that causes the crippling disease of polio. This disease was finally eradicated from most of the world by the invention of the polio vaccine. Rock n’ Roll 13 1/4/2017 Evolved in 1950’s from rhythm and blues, AfricanAmerican gospel, country, and jazz. Rock n’ Roll Rock n’ Roll Video Elvis Presley Ed Sullivan Show Spread U.S. culture across the world. Elvis Presley Emerged as rock’s leading talent Elvis Presley Electric guitars, amplifiers, and youth oriented lyrics Became known as the King of Rock ‘n’ Roll Global Diffusion 14 1/4/2017 Global Diffusion Elvis became an international star and American culture spread as a result. Global Diffusion Televisions and American-made films are also examples of global diffusion of American culture through the entertainment industry. A small, but influential, group of writers and poets Beats Beats Challenged both literary conventions of the day and the lifestyles of the middle class 15
