Download Amelogenesis Imperfecta, (AI)

OTHERDISORDERS
AmelogenesisImperfecta,(AI)
Inbrief
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) or enamel hypoplasia is a congenital
disordercharacterisedbydefectsinenamelformation.Enamelisahard,
smoothsubstancethatcoversthecrownofthetoothprovidingprotection
to the underlying dentine. Normal enamel functions to strengthen the
teeth, seal the teeth from bacteria, and prevent plaque from
accumulating on the surface of the teeth. The clinical signs of
amelogenesis imperfecta include enamel thinning and roughening and
discolouration of the teeth.Amelogenesis imperfecta is known to affect
both the Italian Greyhound and the Standard Poodle, but the genetic
causeforthediseasehasonlybeenidentifiedintheItalianGreyhound.
Thedisorderisinheritedinanautosomalrecessivemanner.
Diseaseseverity
Mild
Clinicalsigns
Discolouredteeth
Enamelroughening
Enamelthinning
Small,pointedteeth
ModeofInheritance
AutosomalRecessive
Clinicaloverview
Amelogenesis imperfecta is characterised by defects in the enamel
formation of both baby teeth and permanent teeth. Enamel formation
starts before the eruption of the first teeth and there will be no
subsequentrepairoftheenamelaftereruption.Theenamelofaffected
teetherodesmorerapidlyovertheyearsthannormalenamel.Theteeth
ofaffecteddogsarepitted,rough,anddiscolouredbrown.Affectedteeth
are often small and pointed with increased gaps. Amelogenesis
imperfecta is relatively mild in Italian Greyhound and the affected teeth
function in a nearly normal fashion. There is no treatment available for
amelogenesisimperfecta,butmostdogsliveanormallifewithmildsigns.
References
Onlinedatabase
Online
Mendelian
Inheritance
in
Animals,
OMIA
(http://omia.angis.org.au/). Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of
Sydney.
Scientificarticles
GandolfiB,LiuH,GriffioenL,PedersenNC.Simplerecessivemutationin
ENAMisassociatedwithamelogenesisimperfectainItalianGreyhounds.
AnimGenet44:569-78,2013.
Resultsofthegenetic
testarereportedas
follows:
Clear
Carrier
Atrisk
Mutation(s)foundin:
ItalianGreyhound